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Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
ESA’s supporting Activities Related to Mass Transport in the Earth System
Roger HaagmansMission Science Division
European Space Agency
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Swarm mission: 3D-Mantle Conductivity
(A. Jackson ETH Zürich, DNSC, CUP)
Swarm mission: gravity field potential(Christian Gerlach TUM and Pieter Visser DUT)
Studies related to future ideas
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Swarm Satellite & Constellation
launch after 1.5 yr after 3 yrs after 4.5 yrs
launch after 4.5 yearsred (C) 530 km 500 kmyellow (A,B) 470 km 300 km
GPS Patch Antennas
Accelerometer
Magnetic package
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
3-D Electrical Conductivity of the Mantle
Time-varying external (inducing) magnetic fields produce induced electric currents in the conducting Earth
conductivity is sensitive to composition and temperature
These induced currents cause induced magnetic field variations
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
3-D Electrical Conductivity of the Mantle
Measured on ground or in space is the total (external + induced) magnetic field
Separation of external and induced fields enables determination of the electrical conductivity of the Earth’s interior
3D-Conductivity: hours to months periods, corresponding to app. 100 - 1000 km depth
Study team led by Andy Jackson at ETH Zürich together with DNSC Copenhagen and CUP (Prague)
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Swarm mission: 3D-Mantle Conductivity
(A. Jackson ETH Zürich, DNSC, CUP)
Swarm mission: gravity field potential(Christian Gerlach TUM and Pieter Visser DUT)
Studies related to future ideas
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Swarm and Gravity - Constellation
Observation: GPS-baseline between satellites
GRACE A-B: along-track (KBR, scalar)
Swarm A-B: cross-track (GPS, vector)
Swarm A-C: ~ radial (GPS, vector)
Geometry:mm/s10 2
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Gravity Field Gradients
along-track cross-track
radial
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
along-track cross-track
along + cross radial
(1)
SH-Error Characteristics from Gradients in x,y and z
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
10 20 30 40 50 60 7010
-6
10-5
10-4
10-3
10-2
10-1
100
sh-degree
[m]
Degree RMS
Kaula
along
KBR
cross
radial
cross + along
Swarm
GRACE
CHAMP
Simulation results: 1 Month
A-B and A-C
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Swarm mission: 3D-Mantle Conductivity
(A. Jackson ETH Zürich, DNSC, CUP)
Swarm mission: gravity field potential(Christian Gerlach TUM and Pieter Visser DUT)
Studies related to future ideas
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Enabling Observation techniques for Future Solid Earth Missions.(2003)
Laser Doppler Interferometry Mission for Determination of the Earth’s gravity field. (2005)
Gravity Gradient sensor technology for future planetary missions. (2005)
Laser Interferometry High Precision Tracking for LEO. (2006)
Monitoring and Modelling Individual Sources of Mass Distribution and Transport in the Earth’s System by Means of Satellites (2007 18 months)
Courtesy: Thales Alenia Space
ESA studies: future gravity field concepts
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Measurement and control elements of the SSI mission
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Future Mission Concept
From: Ilk et al (2005)
Future Concepts?
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Study Team
Geophysical
Modeling
Gravity
modeling
Mission
design
SRON Utrecht, NL R. Koop + +
DEOS Delft, NL P. Visser Solid earth + +
IAPG Munchen, DE T. Gruber
M. Thomas
Atmosphere
Oceans
+ +
GIS Stuttgart, DE N. Sneeuw + +
UL Luxemburg, LU T. van Dam Gravity +
AWI Bremerhaven, DE M. Losch Oceans
BGC Bristol, UK J. Bamber Ice
SCEG Newcastle, UK M. King Tides
UCG Utrecht, NL M. Bierkens Hydrology
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Study logic
Geophysical Geophysical modellingmodelling
Gravity Gravity modellingmodelling
MissionMissiondesigndesign
GravityGravityretrievalretrieval
ObservabilityObservabilitySeparabilitySeparability
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Geophysical modelling
Solid Earth
Tides Oceans Atmosphere
Ice Hydrology
Simulated “real” worldConsistentConsistent
CompatibleCompatibleCompleteComplete
CoupledCoupledCoordinatedCoordinated
DedicatedDedicatedSufficientSufficientRealisticRealistic
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Current step: Gravity field modelling
Geophysical model EarthGeophysical model Earth
OrbitOrbitObservableObservableConstellationConstellation
Input gravityInput gravity
Observed gravity Observed gravity along orbitalong orbit+ observation error+ observation error
Joint GSTM and DFG SPP Symposium, GFZ-Potsdam 15-17 October 2007
Conclusions
Future Mission requires solid preparation: coordination with complementary measurement techniques from other future satellites (like SMOS, CryoSat, Sentinels e.g.)
Activities in ESA complement DFG efforts and try to learn from existing analysis to understand the needs for a future mission concept