John Locke1632-1704

Why do we need a government?

Philosophy – the pursuit of wisdom and knowledge Political Philosopher: a person who

studies & discusses politics

Topic: Examined state of nature – - What is human nature? - What should be the main purpose of

government?

Annotating: Taking Notes on PaperGoal: Be an ACTIVE reader Underline important terms and vocabulary.

Highlight important phrases.

Write key words and definitions in the margin.

Signal where important information can be found.

Write short summaries in the margin.

Write questions in the margin next to the section where the answer is found.

Check your annotations against mine. How did you do?

State of Nature

What is the “State of Nature”? No government and no laws What are 2 pros and 2 cons of “SON”? Pros: No taxes, No rules, No compromise,

Absolute Freedom? Cons: Dangerous, Chaotic, People won’t

respect each other’s rights, “every man for himself”

Natural Rights

What are the 3 Natural Rights? Life – people have a right to safety

Liberty – people have a right to make their own decisions

Property – People have a right to own things that are necessary to survive

Why Do People Agree to Form a Social Contract? - To live at peace

Individuals agree to give up the absolute right to do anything they want

- They agree to obey the law

- In return everyone receives the security and stability a government can provide

- Their natural rights are protected.

7. In which U.S. documents can Locke’s ideas be found?

Declaration of Independence, some state Constitutions, Bill of Rights

8. What is Locke’s philosophy called? “Natural Rights Philosophy” 9. What is a “Social Contract”? An agreement to create a government and

obey its laws

Discussion Questions

Do you agree with Locke’s ideas? Do we need a government to protect our

rights? Should people be able to rebel against their

government when it does not protect their natural rights?