John Carney, General Manager, CMTMWorcester Regional Transit Authority

APTA Bus Maintenance Webinar Series

“Remote Diagnostics”

Worcester Regional Transit Authority

The WRTA is responsible for the provision of public transit services to thirty-five (35) communities within the Worcester County region, and is funded with federal, state and local monies, as well as fare box revenue. WRTA was created pursuant to Massachusetts General Laws, Chapter 161B, in August 1974.

CMTM, a division of First Group, is WRTA’s current Contractor for fixed-route service and demand response paratransit service management Services.

The WRTA is the second largest RTA in Massachusetts serving the second largest city in New England

Active Fleet – 46 buses Qty 6 -1996 RTS Qty 7 - 1998 RTS Qty 2 - 2000 RTS Qty 8 - 2008 Gillig Qty 15 - 2010 Gillig (4 diesel/electric hybrid) Qty 8 - 2012 Gillig (3 diesel/electric hybrid)

Future Fleet Additions/Replacements 6 Additions - Spring 2013 - Proterra (fast charge electric)

Fleet Expands to 52 Buses 15 Replacements - Fall 2013 - Gillig (10 diesel/electric hybrid)

WRTA Fleet Composition

$3.9m ARRA Funded

TranSystems – Procurement and Implementation Consultant

Clever Devices – Prime Contractor

Improve Operational Efficiency, Cost-Effectiveness, Security, Marketing and Customer Satisfaction through System-wide Technical Enhancements

Major Goals Included: Increase the availability of transit information to its customers Improve dispatching, operational efficiency and cost effectiveness Increase driver and passenger safety and security Improve Maintenance Efficiency Using Smart Technologies

Intelligent Transportation System

One Vendor and Total System Integration Giro HASTUS/Stratengen & Adept/Route Match Integration CAD/AVL Fixed Route Integrated with Demand Response ADA VANS Arrival Prediction System “Real Time Information” Automated Vehicle Stop Announcements Next Bus Wayside Arrival “Real Time” Interactive Voice Recognition IVR Web Based Bus Tracker System Voice/Text/QR Codes One Point Operator Log On Automated Passenger Counting APC Traffic Signal Priority TSP VoIP Voice over Internet Protocol Data and Voice Communications AVM Automated Vehicle Monitoring System Data archival, management and reporting system

The WRTA’s Solicitation Included

Maintenance Features“Improving Maintenance Efficiency Using

Smart Technologies”

IVN Intelligent Vehicle Network

AVM Automated Vehicle Monitoring

Location stamping of faults

Intelligent Work Order Integration

Integrate with Turley RTA Maintenance System

Automated Work Orders

Paperless Shop

Vehicle Availability Reporting

Integrated Gas Boy Fuel and Fluids Reporting

Bus in the Box

Complete ITS SolutionIntegrated & Modular

CleverCAD™

Automatic Voice Annunciation

Automatic Vehicle Monitoring

Automatic Passenger Counting

BusTime™

IVN®

AVM is a decision support system that provides simple, accurate, and timely vehicle performance information

AVM monitors and collects faults and operational performance data from on-board systems

Automated wireless transfer of information to maintenance and operational personnel

AVM - Automatic Vehicle Monitoring

AVM – Vehicle Health and Performance

WRTA/CMTM Lessons Learned

J1708/J1939 Compatible SafetyVision 18 DVR’s $67,000

Gateways I/O Controls $7,100 ThermoKing $ 13,800 Twin Vision Smart Series $57,960

Software/Firmware Updates Ron Turley RTA

Data Storage Memory $200,000 Cellular Rates vs. Conventional Radio Hand Held Radio New Bus Specification Consideration

Of Which 54 Faults have been deemed Critical by the CMTM Maintenance Team

Vehicle Health Monitoring Number of Monitored Faults & Performance Measures

Monitored Sub-Components Gillig (J1939) RTS (J1708)I/O Controls 150 -WABCO ABS 1,601 1,518

Cummins Engine 5,242 -Detroit Diesel - 531

Safety Vision Cameras 75 249Allison Transmission 105 -

Thermoking 184 -Vanner Battery Equalizer 1,388 -

Hybrid Drive 37 -Total Fault & Performance Measures 8,782 2,298

The Most Critical 54 Faults as identified by the CMTM Maintenance TeamVehicle Health Monitoring Year 1

Total Component Faults Monitored

3,090

ABS 51

Battery Equalizer 1,388

Climate Control 102

Engine 1,436

Hybrid Drive 8

Transmission 105

AVM is like having a diagnostic laptop connected to every bus around the clock

Clever Devices Supported Systems

Engine

• Cummins• Detroit

Diesel • John

Deere• Caterpill

ar• Navistar

Transmission/Propulsion

• ZF• BAE• Allison• Voith

ABS

• Wabco• Bendix

Multiplex

• IO Controls

• Vansco• Volvo• Actia• Allen

Bradley• Siemens

Brake Wear Monitoring

• Geoguidance Brake Insight

• MGM Brakes E-Stroke

Cooling Fans

• EMP

Articulated Joint

• Hubner

Door System

• Vapor• Volvo

Air Conditioning

• ThermoKing

• Carrier

DPF

• ESW

Supplemental Heaters

• ProHeat• Webasto• Spheros

Tire Monitoring

• SmarTire TPMS

Battery Equalizer

• Vanner

Camera

• Safety Vision

• March Networks

• GE Mobile View Quattro

• Apollo• Dedicate

d Micros

The benefits of AVM are felt throughout WRTA’s entire organization

New Vehicle Purchases

Warranty

Maintenance

Legal

Empower our Bus Inspectors at Factory Acceptance Testing

Identify Issues Before Bus Delivery (New Gillig and Proterra Buses)

Make Data-Based Purchasing Decisions and Purchase the Highest “Value” Bus

Minimize Risk During Bus Acceptance

Implement More Detailed Acceptance Criteria

Opportunity to Negotiate Longer Warranties by Sharing Data

New Vehicle Purchases

Increase Warranty Recovery Claims

Automatically Identify Fleet Defects

Automate Warranty Service Requests

Reduce Parts and Labor Reimbursements

Reduce Overtime Due to Warranty Work

Measure and Manage with actual data

Make Informed Warranty Claim decisions

Warranty

Helps Reduce Bus Breakdowns in Service increasing MDBF/MTBF

Gives mechanics a single source of diagnostic information – reducing task time

Helps Eliminate Preventable Failures

Integration into our MMIS – Helps Automate the Work Flow Process

Reduce Overtime/Lower Parts Inventory

Lower Cost Per Mile

Maintenance

Secure Encrypted Event Files for Court

Helps Identify Hard Brake Events

Records Last Stop Events for Low MPH Accidents

Precisely and Objectively Measures Events

Deal in Facts

Reduces Fictitious Injury Claims & Bogus Lawsuits

Helps Settle Legitimate Claims for our Customers

Legal

Forensic Investigations

19 Data Points Reported on Every Last Stop Event (Bus reaches 0 MPH)

Start Lifetime Odometer Trigger Lifetime Odometer End Lifetime OdometerAverage Acceleration Peak Acceleration Peak Speed

Total Distance Date / Time Event DurationVehicle Speed MPH Engine Speed (RPM) Engine Load (%)

Brake Applied (Yes/No) ABS Active (Yes/No) Throttle Position (%)Distance Time Zone Daylight Savings Time

ACTM (Alternating Current Traction Motor) Torque Commanded (Hybrid Application)

Forensic InvestigationsComposite Data Chart

Forensic InvestigationsVehicle Speed Chart

Forensic InvestigationsDistance Traveled Chart

Forensic InvestigationsComposite Data Chart

11:36:23.78 No Brake orABS 24 MPH

11:36:25.84 Brake & ABS Applied 19.2 MPH

11:36:27.83 Brake & ABS Applied .8 MPH

Forensic InvestigationsLeft Hand Turn Incident at WRTA

12 MPH On Impact

8 MPH After Applying Brake

8:53:20 14 mph8:53:21 12 mph8:53:22 8 mph

Questions

Presentation Notes54 Critical Events that Worcester Mechanics Chose to Be Notified Of

1 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 143 Engine Oil Rifle Pressure - Data Valid but Below Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. Engine oil pressure signal indicates engine oil pressure is below the engine protection warning limit.

2 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 146 Engine Coolant Temperature - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. Engine coolant temperature is above engine protection warning limit.

3 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 155 Intake Manifold 1 Temperature - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Most Severe Level. Intake manifold air temperature signal indicates intake manifold air temperature above engine protection critical limit.

4 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 197 Coolant Level - Data Valid but Below Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. Low engine coolant level detected.

5 214 Engine Oil Temp6 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 234 Engine Crankshaft Speed/Position - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational

Range - Most Severe Level. Engine speed signal indicates engine speed above engine protection limit.

7 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 322 Injector Solenoid Driver Cylinder 1 Circuit - Current Below Normal, or Open Circuit. Current detected at injector Number 1 when the voltage is turned off.

8 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 323 Injector Solenoid Driver Cylinder 5 Circuit - Current Below Normal, or Open Circuit. Current detected at injector Number 5 when the voltage is turned off.

9 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 324 Injector Solenoid Driver Cylinder 3 Circuit - Current Below Normal, or Open Circuit. Current detected at injector Number 3 when the voltage is turned off.

10 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 325 Injector Solenoid Driver Cylinder 6 Circuit - Current Below Normal, or Open Circuit. Current detected at injector Number 6 when the voltage is turned off.

Presentation Notes54 Critical Events that Worcester Mechanics Chose to Be Notified Of

11 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 331 Injector Solenoid Driver Cylinder 2 Circuit - Current Below Normal, or Open Circuit. Current detected at injector Number 2 when the voltage is turned off.

12 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 332 Injector Solenoid Driver Cylinder 4 Circuit - Current Below Normal, or Open Circuit. Current detected at injector Number 4 when the voltage is turned off.

13 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 418 Water in Fuel Indicator - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Least Severe Level. Water has been detected in the fuel filter.

14 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 435 Engine Oil Rifle Pressure - Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect. The engine oil pressure sensor is reading an erratic value at initial key-on.

15 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 471 Engine Oil Level -Data Valid but Below Normal Operational Range - Least Severe Level. Low oil level has been detected by the oil level sensor.

16 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 555 Crankcase Pressure -Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. The crankcase breather filter requires maintenance.

17 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 596 Electrical Charging System Voltage -Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. High battery voltage detected by the battery voltage monitor feature.

18 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 597 Electrical Charging System Voltage -Data Valid but Below Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. Low battery voltage detected by the battery voltage monitor feature.

19 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 687 Turbocharger 1 Speed - Data Valid but Below Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. Low turbocharger speed detected by the ECM.

20 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 1866 Exhaust Gas Recirculation Valve Delta Pressure - Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect. An error in the EGR delta pressure signal was detected at initial key-on or the sensor failed the autozero test.

Presentation Notes54 Critical Events that Worcester Mechanics Chose to Be Notified Of

21 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 1896 EGR Valve Controller - Out of Calibration. The EGR valve has failed the automatic calibration procedure at initial key-on.

22 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 1921 Aftertreatment Particulate Filter Differential Pressure - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. The soot load of the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter has exceeded the recommended limits.

23 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 1942 Crankcase Pressure -Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect. The ECM has detected that the crankcase pressure signal is not changing with engine operating conditions.

24 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2346 Turbocharger Turbine Inlet Temperature (Calculated) - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Least Severe Level. Turbocharger turbine inlet temperature has exceeded the engine protection limit.

25 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2357 EGR Valve Control Circuit - Mechanical System Not Responding Properly or Out of Adjustment. The EGR motor has exceeded the duty cycle limit indicating a stuck open EGR valve.

26 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2387 VGT Actuator Driver Circuit (Motor) - Mechanical System Not Responding Properly or Out of Adjustment. The smart VGT controller has detected incorrect stop limits or the VGT is unable to move to the closed position.

27 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2448 Coolant Level - Data Valid but Below Normal Operational Range - Least Severe Level. Low engine coolant level detected.

28 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2449 VGT Actuator Controller - Out of Calibration. The VGT has failed the automatic calibration procedure at initial key-on. VGT will be in the open position.

29 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2554 Exhaust Gas Pressure - Data Erratic, Intermittent, or Incorrect. The exhaust gas pressure sensor is reading an erratic value at initial key-on.

30 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2636 VGT Actuator Driver Circuit - Abnormal Update Rate. No communications on the J1939 datalink between the engine ECM and the smart VGT controller.

Presentation Notes

31 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2637 Catalyst Face Plugged - Root Cause Not Known. The front face of the aftertreatment diesel oxidation catalyst has been detected to be plugged with soot.

32 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2754 Engine Particulate Trap Inlet Pressure - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. Excessive black smoke has been detected exiting the engine and entering the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter.

33 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series EQFLT Equalizer Fault34 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series IMB Voltage Imbalance Fault35 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series OVF Over Voltage Fault36 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series UVF Under Voltage Fault37 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 41 Too many SRS (missing TRS)38 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 42 Too few SRS (missing SRS)39 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 43 Coolant Level Low40 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 44 Coolant Temperature High41 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 44 Oil Temperature High42 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 45 Oil Pressure Low43 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 54 Vehicle Speed Sensor Fault44 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 55 J1939 Data Link Fault45 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 1 Response Time Long46 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 2 Response Time Long47 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 3 Response Time Long48 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 4 Response Time Long49 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 1 Response Time Short50 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 2 Response Time Short51 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 3 Response Time Short52 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 4 Response Time Short53 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 75 ECM Battery Voltage High54 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 84 Oil Level Low

31 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2637 Catalyst Face Plugged - Root Cause Not Known. The front face of the aftertreatment diesel oxidation catalyst has been detected to be plugged with soot.

32 J1939 (SA Cummins CM2150 2754 Engine Particulate Trap Inlet Pressure - Data Valid but Above Normal Operational Range - Moderately Severe Level. Excessive black smoke has been detected exiting the engine and entering the aftertreatment diesel particulate filter.

33 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series EQFLT Equalizer Fault34 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series IMB Voltage Imbalance Fault35 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series OVF Over Voltage Fault36 J1939 (SA Vanner 70 Series UVF Under Voltage Fault37 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 41 Too many SRS (missing TRS)38 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 42 Too few SRS (missing SRS)39 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 43 Coolant Level Low40 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 44 Coolant Temperature High41 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 44 Oil Temperature High42 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 45 Oil Pressure Low43 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 54 Vehicle Speed Sensor Fault44 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 55 J1939 Data Link Fault45 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 1 Response Time Long46 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 2 Response Time Long47 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 3 Response Time Long48 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 61 Injector 4 Response Time Long49 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 1 Response Time Short50 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 2 Response Time Short51 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 3 Response Time Short52 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 71 Injector 4 Response Time Short53 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 75 ECM Battery Voltage High54 J1708 Detroit DDEC-IV 84 Oil Level Low

54 Critical Events that Worcester Mechanics Chose to Be Notified Of