John Adams2nd President1797-1801

Nickname: “Atlas of Independence”

Warm-up!!

• Describe the foreign policy of George Washington in 3 sentences.

• Describe George Washington’s view on political parties in 3 sentences.

• You will have 6 sentences total.

John Adams’ Contributions of Civic Virtue

Defended British soldiers in the Boston Massacre Trial

Declaration of Independence (worked w/Jefferson)

Continental Congress (Promoted Independence)

Foreign Diplomat First Vice-President Second President

Adams: Politics & Beliefs• Federalist• supported by Northern

merchants & industry• wanted a strong federal

government

ReviewFederalists

wanted:- strong federal govt.- loose interpretation of Constitution- national bank- promoted manufacturing

John Adams Video

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xqAt8A0W204

Major Events of John Adams Presidency

• Conflict with France• XYZ Affair • Navy Department &

Marine Corps Created • Alien and Sedition Acts• Kentucky & Virginia

Resolution

Federalist

The XYZ Affair led to an undeclared war with

France. President Adams established the Navy Department, built warships, started the

Marines, and increased the size of the army, appointing George

Washington as commanding general. Battles took place on

the open seas.

FYI :

The Alien and Sedition ActsNaturalization Act : Required that aliens be residents for 14 years instead of 5 years before they became eligible for U.S. Citizenship.Alien Acts : Allowed the president to imprison aliens, or send those he considered dangerous out of the country.Sedition Act: Made it a crime to speak, write, or publish “false, scandalous, and malicious” criticisms of the government.Do you see anything wrong with these acts????????

Why were they passed ???The Federalist – controlled Congress wanted to:1. Strengthen the federal government2. Silence Republican opposition

Results:• Discouraged

immigration and led some foreigners already in the country to leave.

• Convicted 10 Republican newspaper editors who had criticized the Federalists in government.

Reaction:• Opposition to

Federalist party grows.

• Led to movement to allow states to overturn federal laws.

WARM-UP!!! COPY THIS SLIDE IN YOUR NOTES FROM YESTERDAY! The Virginia & Kentucky Resolutions claimed that the Alien & Sedition Acts could not be put into action because they violated the Constitution.

States’ Rights - States had rights that the federal government could not violate. States could nullify federal laws. (Used to fight the Alien & Seditions Acts)

Judiciary Act of 1801

• Federalists passed before Jefferson took office.

• Set of regional courts for U.S. w/16 judges & other judicial officials

• President Adams made 100s’ of appointments

• “Midnight Judges” awaited their commissions

• President Jefferson took office and stopped delivery of documents

• William Marbury sued Madison for delivery• Led to Marbury v. Madison & Judicial

Review

Quiz QuestionsWhich controversial legislation of President John Adams’ administration restricted citizens from criticizing the government?A. The Embargo ActB. The Monroe DoctrineC. The Alien and Sedition ActsD. The Judiciary Act

Quiz QuestionsHow was President John Adams able to appoint “midnight judges”?A.XYZ AffairB.The Monroe DoctrineC.The Judiciary Act of 1789D.The Judiciary Act of 1801

Quiz QuestionsUnder the Alien Act, how long did it take for an alien to become eligible for U.S. Citizenship?A.10 yearsB.13 yearsC.14 yearsD.15 years

Quiz QuestionsWhat amendment allows the press to criticize the government?A.1st amendmentB.2nd amendmentC.3rd amendmentD.4th amendment

Quiz QuestionsDefending British soldiers, after the Boston Massacre, gained John Adams popularity.

Quiz QuestionsJohn Adams died on July 4, 1826, the same day as Thomas Jefferson’s death.