Joe Cramer September 2010

Aerospace Vehicle Systems Institute

Update on WRC-12 Issues Impacting Wireless Avionics

Intra-Communications (WAIC)

ITU-R Working Party 5Band Future Regulatory

Considerations

Joe Cramer

September 2010


Agenda

AVSI and WAIC

Importance of WAIC

WRC-12 Agenda Items Impacting WAIC

AI 1.11

AI 1.12

ITU-R Working Party 5B Update Issues Discussed and Documents

Potential Future WRC Agenda Item

ICAO and Future Course of Action

ICAO and ITU-R Support


What is the Aerospace Vehicle Systems Institute (AVSI) Aerospace Vehicle System Institute - A cooperative of companies, academia and

government agencies. Members include Airbus, BAE Systems, Boeing, Bombardier, Embraer, Goodrich, Gulfstream, GE Aviation, Honeywell, NASA, United Technologies.

Focus on developing improved aerospace vehicles.

Creates an environment for collaboration on research and development projects; investigates emerging technologies; and influences standards and policies to promote cost effective systems development and certification.

What is Wireless Avionics Intra Communications (WAIC) Radiocommunication between two or more points on a single aircraft. Includes integrated wireless components and/or installed components. Part of a closed, exclusive network required for operation of the aircraft. Does not provide air-to-ground, air to satellite, or air-to-air communications. Only safety related applications are being contemplated.

AVSI and WAIC


WAIC Technical Characteristics

WAIC is based on short range radio technology (< 100m)

WAIC operates with low transmission power (< 10 mW)

Main application area is internal, within fuselage/cabin

External transmission via directive antennas (e.g. landing gear, wings)

WAIC is to be classified as AM(R)S because: (cf. RR Article 1.33)

communication in WAIC systems takes place between aircraft stations

communication in WAIC systems is related to safety and regularity of flight

WAIC systems will be installed primarily onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes


Environmental Benefits Less wiring will reduce aircraft weight, enabling less fuel burn.

Increased Reliability Fewer connector pins/failures, cracked insulation, & broken conductors Mesh networks could provide redundancy

Safety Improvements: Wireless links can provide redundancy Reduce amount of aging wiring and associated malfunction issues

fewer connector pins/failures, lower risk of cracked insulation & broken conductors

Importance of WAIC to Aviation Industry


Operational Efficiency Improvements Ability to obtain more data from aircraft surfaces Easier and more reliable access to maintenance data, particularly for

rotating and moving parts (e.g. wheel wells, actuators, etc.) Less wire maintenance to remediate chafing conditions Simplify and reduce life-cycle cost of airplane wiring Reduced weight should save fuel costs

Importance of WAIC to the Aviation Industry


Communications between Aircraft and Ground

SatelliteCommunication

Communications between aircraft

AirportAirport

SatelliteSatellite

PAX ConnectivityPAX Connectivity

September 2010

Wireless Avionics Intra-Communications (WAIC)

Machine-to-

Machine

Machine-to-

Machine

External

External

Internal

Internal

Cabin CrewCabin Crew

Flight Deck CrewFlight Deck Crew

Mobile PhoneLive-IP

Mobile PhoneLive-IP

Radio, TV, IFE

Radio, TV, IFE

Scope of WAICScope of WAIC

Cabin crew voice/data

Cabin crew voice/data

Flight deck crew voice/data

Flight deck crew voice/data

Video surveillance

Video surveillance

Cabin ControlCabin Control

SensorsSensors

Structural sensorsStructural sensors

Cargo dataCargo data


Examples of Potential WAIC Applications

Low Data Rate, Interior Applications:

Sensors: Cabin Pressure - Smoke Detection - Fuel Tank/Line - Proximity - Temperature - EMI Incident Detection - Structural Health Monitoring -

Humidity/Corrosion Detection

Controls: Emergency Lighting - Cabin Functions

Low Data Rate, Outside Applications:

Sensors: Ice Detection - Landing Gear Position Feedback - Brake Temperature -Tire Pressure - Wheel Speed - Steering Feedback -Flight Controls Position Feedback - Door Proximity - Engine Sensors -Cargo Compartment - Structural Sensors

High Data Rate, Interior Applications:

Sensors: Air Data - Engine Prognostic -Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Still Imagery / Video

Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus - FADEC Aircraft Interface -Flight Deck/Cabin Crew Audio / Video (safety-related) -Flight -Operations related Digital Data (e.g. EFOS…)

High Data Rate, Outside Applications:

Sensors: Structural Health Monitoring - Imaging Sensors (Still and Video)

Controls: Active Vibration Control

Comm.: Avionics Communications Bus



Agenda Item 1.12 Seeks to determine if the aeronautical mobile service should not be

permitted in the 37-38 GHz band

No current aviation systems in this band. Until 2008, no aviation systems were considered in this band. However, WAIC might be able to use this band

ICAO Position To oppose excluding aeronautical use of the existing mobile service

allocation in the band 37 - 38 GHz. To support the use of technical protection limits to ensure that any future AMS system in the band 37 - 38 GHz will be compatible with other co-primary services.



Agenda Item 1.12CITEL Draft Position – Consistent with ICAO PositionCEPT Position – Eliminate Aeronautical Mobile ServiceAPT Position – Support the sharing studies ASMG Position – Support sharing studies & eliminate AMS if studies show sharing is not possible

ATU Position – TBDAerospace Industry wants to protect Space Research ServiceNot likely that Fixed applications will intersect with aircraft. WP 5B provided preliminary technical information to WP 7B and

to 5C (responsible groups)WP 5B asked 7B if any WAIC classifications are acceptable.

No response



Agenda Item 1.11 Seeks to permit the Space Research Service in the 22.55-23.15 GHz

band.

Liaison statement to WP 7B sent that states WAIC will not consider this band.


ITU-R Working Party 5B - Update

WP5B is lead ITU-R Group

WAIC Draft New Report Inputs from CEPT, US, Brazil and Canada

Technical Characteristics and Operational Objectives of WAIC Systems

Sent to Study Group 5 for approval at November Meeting


ICAO and Future Course of Action

Likely Future WRC Agenda Item for WAICDraft Proposals being circulated in US, Brazil, Germany (possibly CEPT or multi-country), and possibly Canada.

World-wide allocation(s) must be obtainedSpectrum usage must fall within ICAO Convention in order to

obtain benefits for equipment certification. No bands being proposed in Drafts


ICAO and ITU-R Regional Support

If an Agenda Item is approved, then support from ASMG, ATU and ICAO is required

Because WAIC will provide safety benefits, how should it be incorporated into the ITU-R Regulations? AM(R)S? Mobile Service with Footnote providing priority? Other? The Service Definition chosen for WAIC requires support

Need to consider how to meet ITU and ICAO requirements: Obtaining AM(R)S spectrum will be extremely difficult given the fact

WAIC will have to share band with incumbent service.


Classic AM(R)S/AMS(R)S

Ground Station

Aeronautical Mobile (Route) Service (AMS) - example:

•HF Voice – (2 - 30 MHz)

•VHF Voice – (117.975 -137 MHz)

Satellite

Aeronautical Mobile Satellite Service


ICAO and ITU-R Regional Support

WAIC could be classified as AM(R)S - it complies with RR Article 1.33

1.83 aircraft station: A mobile station in the aeronautical mobile service, other than a survival craft station, located on board an aircraft. A WAIC transmitter can be considered an “aircraft station” because it is

located on an aircraft.

1.32 aeronautical mobile service: A mobile service between aeronautical stations and aircraft stations, or between aircraft stations, … Communication between WAIC transmitters conforms with the

requirement “between aircraft stations”. 1.33 aeronautical mobile (R)* service: An aeronautical mobile service

reserved for communications relating to safety and regularity of flight, primarily along national or international civil air routes. WAIC applications are defined as limited to safety applications.

WAIC systems will be installed onboard civil aircraft operated along national or international civil air routes