JND & KND Analysis of Inter & Intra

8/6/2019 JND & KND Analysis of Inter & Intra

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Journal of Education in Developing Areas (JED A) Vol. 19, No. 1.

ANALYSIS OF INTRA AND INTER CAMPUS COMMUNICATION FACTORS FOR GOALSACHIEVEMENT IN UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT, NIGERIA.

BY

J.N.D MEENYINIKOR, Ph.D

DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENTFACULTY OF EDUCATION

UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURTNIGERIA

GSM +234 8037 453 140E-MAIL:[email protected]

&

K.N.D MEENYINIKOR, B.ScDEPARTMENT OF MATHEMATICS

FACULTY OF SCIENCEUNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT, CHOBA,

RIVERS STATE, NIGERIA

GSM +234 8134 991 098E-MAIL: [email protected]

ABSTRACT

This paper seeks to find out the factors responsible for the effective or ineffective inter and intracampus communications that enhance the achievement of goals by the students, members ofstaff as well as the university management. Using available documents for analysis, relatedliterature for review and schedules for interview, four research questions and one hypothesiswere formed while questionnaire was used to elicit information for analysis. Out of thepopulation of about 20,000 members of staff and students, 5000 was randomly selected assample. The study discovered fifteen factors and calculated that there is a significantrelationship between the scores of the factors of campus communication for goals achievementby the students and the members of staff of university of Port Harcourt. Accordingly, conclusionand recommendations were made.


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March , 2011JOURNAL OF EDUCATION IN DEVELOPING AREAS (JEDA) VOL.19 (1).

w w w . j e d a - u n i p o r t . c o m Page 1

Introduction

Organizations and companies are established for the purpose of achieving special

goals and objectives. Drucker (1957), Brech (1963) and Koontz and Weihrich

(1989). University of Port Harcourt like all other universities in Nigeria was

established to achieved specified goals and objectives, Ejituwu (1999), Aliu (2001).

The members of staff employed by it, according to Maslow (1957) in Appleby (1980)

have their hierarchy of needs to be satisfied. The various levels and categories of

students, who are the majority of the customers to receive the processed goods or

services of the university also, according to Nwachukwu (2007) and Meenyinikor

(2007), have their own goals and objectives to achieve within a specified period of

time. The uniqueness of university of Port Harcourt includes the fact that,

(although it is situated in only one city called Choba in Rivers State The treasure

base of the nation, Nigeria) it is scattered around and it is separated by many

roads. This scenarios or uniqueness appear to be the main factor responsible for

the numerous complains by the various stakeholders. For example, the students

frequently complain bitterly about missing results of assignments, tests and

examinations, late computation of grades for graduations, unpublished results;

impromptu notices for change of lecture, test and examination periods, dates and

schedules, and a host of others.

On the other hand, the members of staff including university administrators;

the Vice Chancellor, the Deputy Vice Chancellors, the Bursar, the Registrar, the

Deans, the Provosts, the Heads of Departments, Directors of Centres, Coordinators

of Units, Union Executives, Professors and others also complain bitterly about poor

attendance and participation at meetings, seminars, workshops, lectures and other

important university gatherings. The implication of all these lapses could mean that

the individuals involved is likely and sure to incur irrecoverable expenses and costs

that may have adversely affect on his or her economic wellbeing and social status

in the society hence militated against the achievement of not only his or her goals

but also the overall goals or objectives of the university. The main point of this

implication and general observation is that, definitely it appears all is not well with

the inter and intra campus communication in the University of Port Harcourt.

Campus communication is the exchange or transmission of a message,

information, knowledge or idea from a sender to the receiver within the same


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university irrespective of their different locations. There is therefore, the need to

look seriously at the issues of campus communication for goals achievement.

The Purpose of the study

This study is conducted to:

1. Find out the factors responsible for the effective or ineffective campuscommunication for goals achievement in University of Port Harcourt.

2. Determine how the students score the factors of campus communicationfor goals achievement in University of Port Harcourt.

3. Determine how the members of staff score the factors of campuscommunication for goals achievement in University of Port Harcourt.

4. Establish, if any, the relationship, whether significant or not, between thescores of the factors of campus communication for goals achievement by

the students and the members of staff of University of Port Harcourt.

Research Questions

1. What factors are responsible for the effective or ineffective campuscommunications for goals achievement in University of Port Harcourt?

2. How do the students score the factors of campus communication for goalsachievement in University of Port Harcourt?

3. How do the members of staff score the factors of campus communicationfor goals achievement in University of Port Harcourt?

4. What is the relationship if any between the scores of students andmembers of staff on factors of campus communication for goals

achievement in University of Port Harcourt?

Hypothesis

There is no significant relationship between the scores of the factors of campus

communication for goals achievement by the students and the members of staff of

University of Port Harcourt.

Methodology

This is a survey study. It is a survey because all the students, members of

staff and the documents to use are all available and present in University of Port

Harcourt. The information gathered from the academic planning unit of the Vice

chancellors office gives the number of students at about 16,000 and the number of


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the members of staff as about 4,000. Therefore, applying the mathematical and

statistical techniques of percentages and stratified random sampling, 25% of each

of the strata was adopted. Thus the questionnaire which was validated by experts

in the University and tested for reliability was administered on 4,000 students and1,000 members of staff. Two weeks were used to retrieve all the completed

questionnaire before their sorting, collation and analysis of the data for eventual

presentation. Frequencies, percentages and Pearsons product moment coefficient

of correction were used to answer the research questions whereas the hypothesis

was tested at 5% significant level with the appropriate degree of freedom.

Results presentation and analysis

Table1. Campus communication factors in University of Port Harcourt.

s/n Factors of Campus

Communication

Students Staff Total

Remark

Frequency

4000

%

100

Frequency

1000

% Frequency

5000

%

100

1. Constant electricity and power

generation

3660 92 890 89 4,550 91 A

2. Operational information building &officer at main gates

3,740 94 710 71 4,450 89 A

3. Trained inquiry officer at eachFaculty

3, 170 79 330 33 3,500 70 A

4. Trained information officer at eachdepartment

1, 730 43 270 27 2,000 40 N

5. Proper and adequate funding. 3, 670 92 980 98 2,000 93 A

6. Qualified information andcommunication officer

2, 280 57 920 92 3,200 64 A

7. Available and easy transportation toand fro the university

3, 210 80 690 69 3,900 78 A

8. Available and easy transportationwithin the campus(es)

3, 870 97 530 53 4,400 88 A

9. Access to telephone linkages between& within campuses and outside world

2, 280 57 770 77 3,050 61 A

10 Availability and access to public pay

phone service within campuses

2, 600 65 650 65 3,250 65 A

11. Availability of intercom facilities

within campuses

2, 690 67 910 91 3,600 72 A

12. Functional and adequate notice boardfor each department and faculty

3, 450 86 900 90 4,350 87 A

13 Availability of functional publicaddress system in all lecture halls

3, 660 92 940 94 4,600 92 A

14. Availability of functional chalkboards in all lecture halls

2, 050 51 200 20 2,250 45 N

15. Availability of well known calendar

for the department, faculty andUniversity

2, 520 63 780 78 3,300 66 A

16. Availability of well known time table

for the department, faculty andUniversity

1, 840 46 110 11 1,950 39 N

17. Availability of functional email,website, fax and PMB

2, 350 59 650 65 3,000 60 A


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18. Availability of well written andregular newsletter, press release &year books or journals

2, 360 59 540 54 2,900 58 A

19. Privately owned handsets by staff &

students.

1, 300 33 150 15 1,450 29 N

20. Availability of private radio and

television houses by the department,faculty and University

890 22 60 6 950 19 N

A = Accepted N = Not Accepted

The above table is about the factors that will enhance effective

communication for goals achievement in University of Port Harcourt. Generally, it

gives 20 factors numbered from 1 to 20 with the frequencies and their

corresponding percentages for the responses from the students, the members of

staff and the sum of the students and the members of staff. Specifically, it shows

that factor number 1, constant electricity and power generation, has a frequency of

3, 660 and a corresponding percentage score of 92% for the students. But for the

staff it has a frequency of 890 and a corresponding percentage score of 89%. The

total frequency therefore for both the students and the staff is 3660 plus 890 which

is 4550 resulting to a corresponding percentage of 91%. Thus, this first factor is

accepted as a factor that will enhance effective communication for goals

achievement in University of Port Harcourt for it scored above 50% average in the

overall.

The above explanation is applied similarly down to the last item 20,

availability of private radio and television houses by departments, faculties and the

University, with the students frequency of 890 or 22%, staff frequency of 60 or 6%

and the total of 950 or 19% which is not accepted for scoring below the 50%

average in total.

The above factors of campus communication are scores in percentages by

both the students and the members of staff as follows:

TABLE 2Accepted factor Students scores Staff scores

1 92 98

2 92 94

3 92 89

4 94 71

5 97 53

6 86 90

7 80 69

8 67 91

9 79 33

10 63 78

11 65 65

12 57 92

13 57 77


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14 59 65

15 59 54

Table 2a: Students and staff relationship of factors of campus communicationfor goals achievement in university of Port Harcourt.

Student StaffX Y XY X

2

Y2

92 98 9,016 8,464 9,604

92 94 8,836 8,464 8,836

92 89 8,188 8,464 7,921

94 71 6,674 8,836 5,041

97 53 5,141 9,409 2,809

86 90 7,740 7,396 8,100

80 69 5,520 6,400 4,761

67 91 6,097 4,489 8,281

79 33 2,607 6,241 1,089

63 78 4,914 3,969 6,084

65 65 4,225 4,225 4,225

57 92 5,244 3,249 8,464

57 77 4,389 3,249 5,929

59 65 3,835 3,481 4,225

59 54 3,186 3,481 2,916

N =15: 1,139 1,119 85,612 89,817 88,285

0161.0

1119882851511398981715

11191139856115

.

.

22

2222

xx

xx

YYNXXN

YXXYNr

Table 2b; Students-Staff Relationship of Campus Communication Factors of University of Port

Harcourt.

Total RemarksN Students X Staff Y XY X2 Y2

15 1,139 1,119 85,612 89,817 88,285 Positive, not verystrongRelationship (r) = 0.0161

Table 2 shows by calculation, using the Pearsons product moment coefficient of

correlation formula, that there is a 0.0161 positive relationship between the scores

of the factors of campus communication for goals achievement by the students (x)

and the members of staff (y) of university of Port Harcourt.

Test of the hypothesis

Table 3: Hypothesis Decision table


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Significant level%

Degree offreedom

Pearsons product Moment Correlation (r)value

HypothesisDecisionCalculated or

computedCritical / book ortable

5 28 0.0161 0.361 Accept.

Table 3 shows that at 5% significant level with 28(N1 = 15 + N2 = 15 2) degree of

freedom, the calculated or computed previous product moment coefficient of

correlation (r) of 0.0161 is less than the book or critical or table value of 0.361.

Hence the hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, it is concluded that there is no

significant relationship between the scores of the factors of campus communication

of goals achievement by the students and members of staff of University of Port

Harcourt.Discussion and implications of findings

This study has provided the factors for managing inter- and intra-campus

communication for goals achievement in University of Port Harcourt. These factors

are very necessary for effective teaching learning activities for the students as well

as staff functional operations and performances. The implication of these

revelations is that the provision and availability of these factors will enhance the

achievement of goals not only by the students but also by the members of staff ofthe university. On the whole the goals and objectives of establishing the university

and its campuses shall be fully realized. Secondly the scoring of these factors by

the students emphasizes the areas of concentration and consideration for their

satisfaction. This is indicative of the fact that these students are the leaders of

tomorrow and communication is a veritable tool that will enhance their future

aspirations. The scoring by the members of staff of these factors of campus

communication supplies the areas for improved welfare and conditions of servicethat will lead to effective performance of functions and goals achievement. The

evidence of a positive relationship between the scores of these factors by both the

students and the members of staff implies the joint concern expected of the human

resources of the university. Although this appears not to be very strong, it is

indicative of the fact that both the students and the members of staff are very much

concerned with communication within the campuses. Finally, the acceptance of the

hypothesis that there is no significant relationship between the scores of the factorsof campus communication for goals achievement by the students and the members


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of staff of university of Port Harcourt shows that at an alpha level of 5% and 28

degree of freedom, these parties are not at the same level of operation because one

(the students) are the customers receiving the services or product of the other (the

members of staff) and communication is very vital.Conclusion

Communication within and between the campuses of the same university is

very vital for the effective and efficient achievement of goals and objectives of not

only the students but also of the members of staff. Both the students and the

members of staff constitute the human resources of the university who use

communication in the performance of their functions and operations. Thus a full

knowledge and grasp of the factors of campus communication will make a verysignificant contribution toward the successful management or administration of not

only the campuses in particular but the university in general.

Recommendations

1. The students and members of staff should take inter and intra-campuscommunication very serious since it is the means of transmission of

knowledge and information to everybody in the system.

2.

University administrators should do all within their capacity to provide orimprove upon the identified factors of campus communication for they will

enhance goals achievement.

3. There should be laid down rules and regulations about campuscommunication as well as strict punishment for defaulters. These should be

made well known to all students and members of staff as well as visitors to

the university campuses.

4.

There should be awards for the department and faculty with the mosteffective and efficient campus communication compliance.

REFERENCES

Aliu, Y.O. (2001). Introduction in Manual of University Management. Abuja:National Universities Commission.

Appleby R.C. (1980). Modern Business Administration 2nd Edition. London: Pitman

publishing Ltd.

Brech, E.F.L. (1963). Principles and Practice of Management. London: Longmans.


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Drucker, P.F. (1954). The practice of management. New York: Harper and Brothers.

Ejituwu, N.C. (1999). Administration in Alagoa, E.D. (ed). The History of theUniversity of Port Harcourt 1977-1988. Port Harcourt: University of PortHarcourt Press Ltd.

Koontaz, H. and Weihrich, H. (1989). Management 9th Edition. New York: McGraw-Hill Book Company.

Maslow, A. (1957). Motivationand Personality. New York: Harper and Row.

Meenyinikor, J.N.D. (2007). Being a Student. Owerri: Springfield Publishers Ltd.

Nwachukwu, C.C. (2007). Management Theory and Practice. RevisedEdition. Abuja:African first publishers limited.

Ukwuije, R.R.I. (1992). Peanuts Educational Statistics for UniversityUndergraduate.Port Harcourt: Laser Engineering consultants.

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JND & KND Analysis of Inter & Intra