Jim HahnKelly McCormick

Jeff SnyderAndrew TaylorNathan Wagers

ME 414: Thermal/Fluid Systems

Design an efficient yard irrigation system where cost, delivering time, and wasted water are all minimized.

http://www.popularmechanics.com/home_journal/gardening12/11/07

Minimize: Equipment Costs Delivering Time Wasted Water Electric Utility Costs

Even Distribution of 1 inch Depth of Water

Back (Zone 1)

Front (Zone 2)

Drive (Zone 3)

Area 8400 ft2 3980 ft2 1080 ft2 Volume 700 ft3 332 ft3 90 ft3

Gallons 5236.4 2481.0 673.2Minutes 135 76 65

GPM 38.7 32.76 10.4

3 Zones: Driving Force is Geometry Source of Water: Central Location

Assume Infinite Flow 60 psig available

100% Overlap to Ensure Satisfactory Water Distribution

Eliminate Spray outside of Yard Boundaries Need for Several Sizes of Sprinkler Heads

Rainbird Sprinkler Heads

Pressure (psi)

Radius (ft) GPM Inlet Adjustment #

42SA All Purpose Rotor 2526-38 (35) 2.58 3/4" NPT Female 25% 15

22SA-F Full Rotor 2317-24 (18) 2.6 1/2" NPT Female -- 6

22SA-F Half Rotor 2317-24 (18) 2.6 1/2" NPT Female -- 13

22SA-Q Quarter Rotor 2317-24 (18) 2.6 1/2" NPT Female -- 9

Jim HahnKelly McCormick

Jeff SnyderAndrew TaylorNathan Wagers

ME 414: Thermal/Fluid Systems

Design Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger to Use City Water to Remove 1.2M Watts from Process Water.

Process Water Inlet Temperature 90° C Outlet Temperature 40° C

City Water Inlet Temperature 25° C

Meet 1.2M Watts of Thermal Requirement

Minimize Tube Side & Shell Side Pressure Drops

Minimize Raw Material Cost, By Weight

Minimize Heat Exchanger Internal Volume

HE Length Should Not Exceed 8 Meters.

Matlab HE Design Program Used to Perform

Calculations Based on Known Design Parameters.

Minitab Used to Perform Statistical Analysis of

“Design of Experiment” Studies Performed with Matlab Program.

Tube OD Tube Length Tube Thickness Tube Layout &

Angle Tube Material Tube Pitch Shell ID

Shell Material Shell Thickness City Water Flow Rate Counter or Parallel

Flow City Water Flow Side Baffles – Yes or No Baffle Spacing

Used to Eliminate Variables with Little Effect on Main Criteria

Used to Identify Variables which Interact to Affect Main Criteria

Used to Identify Variables’ Relative Level of Effect on Main Criteria

Four Final Variables Identified and Used to Optimize Two Final Designs

Design #1 – Optimized for Pressure DropsDesign #2 – Optimized for Weight & Cost

DESIGN #1 – DELTA P OPTIMIZED DESIGN #2 – WEIGHT OPTIMIZED

Thermal Capacity: 1.2M Watts

Material Weight: 109.9 Kg

Total Weight: 374.9 Kg Material Cost: $120.91 Volume: 1.13 m3

Delta P Shell: 628.9 Pa Delta P Tube: 167.6 Pa

Thermal Capacity: 1.2M Watts

Material Weight: 73.1 Kg

Total Weight: 228.7 Kg Material Cost: $80.36 Volume: 1.01 m3

Delta P Shell: 701.3 Pa

Delta P Tube: 933.7 Pa

Toksoy, John. ME 414 Thermal-Fluid Systems Design. Department of Mechanical Engineering, IUPUI, Indianapolis, IN, Fall 2007.

Kakaç, S., Hongtan, L. Heat Exchangers: Selection, Rating, and Thermal Design. 2nd Ed., CRC Press LLC, Boca Raton, FL, 2002, 7 Dec 2007.