Jet Hypothesis - The Origin, Evolution and Formation of the Universe (Amended)

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    JET HYPOTHESIS - THE ORIGIN, EVOLUTION AND FORMATION OF THE

    UNIVERSE (AMENDED)

    Energy, time and space are infinite in the nature. Hydrogen atoms were created in the

    space from energy. Clouds were formed by the accumulation of hydrogen atoms. Due

    to the gravitational force large amount of clouds collapsed at a point and the stars wereformed in different places at different times. Due to the effect of centripetal force and

    lack of centrifugal force, these stars started falling at a point and the rotation of stars

    started around that point like a cyclone, and the galaxies were formed. A number of

    galaxies fell at a point to form the cluster of galaxies. In the same way, due to the effect

    of centripetal force and lack of centrifugal force, all the clouds, stars, galaxies and

    clusters of galaxies fell at a point.

    Fig: Logical model of the Universe

    While all these matters were falling at a point, a circular movement of these matters

    started around that point like the center of a large active galaxy. We may consider the

    matters of central region as dark matter as they are highly gravitationally compressed

    under highly rotating motion. Matters are still falling into the accretion disk of the central

    region. Due to the rotation or the frame dragging and interaction of electromagnetic

    wave loops at the center, the accreted matters are converted into energy and escaped

    through the two poles of rotational axis like the polar jets or relativistic jets of a large

    active galaxy. The energy contains higher frequency electromagnetic waves and

    disintegrated sub atomic particles with high velocity at high temperature and density.

    So, we may consider this energy as the dark energy. As the energy is escaped from the

    center of a large object, the velocity and frequency of the energy is more. The velocity

    of radiation of the energy may be faster than the velocity of light. Our visible universe is

    a tiny part of a jet which is escaped from a pole of the universe. Thus the shape of our

    part of the universe is a conical sphere which is continuously expanding outwards like

    the shape of a big loud speaker.

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    The cosmic microwave background radiation is the radiation from a pole of the universe

    which is located at the back. It radiates as a pulse. We receive the radiation from all the

    direction because of the refraction and reflection of the energy and rotation of the solar

    system, galaxies and cluster of galaxies. The central region rotates faster in larger

    objects to conserve the angular momentum of a wider area as the objects are coming

    from far away. So the interaction of electromagnetic wave loops are more in the center

    of larger objects and thus the frequency of the energy which is radiated from the two

    poles of the universe are more like a dynamo. As the size of the centers of all the

    objects are same and larger objects produce more electromagnetic energy, the center

    of larger objects can hold the charge for less time and that is why the duration of

    radiation pulse of electromagnetic energy which is radiated from the poles of the

    universe is less. According to the 2nd law of thermodynamics, this energy is radiated in

    the region of conical sphere in such a manner that it tries to maintain equal temperature

    in all areas.

    New atoms, clouds, stars and also galaxies are formed from the energy depending on

    the temperature and density and thus the universe is homogeneous and isotropic in the

    visible region. As the energy is radiated from the pole towards forward and sideways in

    the region of conical sphere, there is a little variation in temperature between the pole

    and forward and between the center of the conical sphere and the sides. Due to the

    temperature variation, the energy is radiated outwards and the drag force acts in a

    slightly curved path. That is why the objects are getting continuous force to rotate and

    move forward. Thus the universe is accelerating and the orientation of our solar system

    and the galaxies and cluster of galaxies are same in the visible universe.

    Because of the action of drag force all the stars, galaxies and cluster of galaxies

    continuously get rotary motion and forward motion in the Polar Regions. The disc region

    does not require drag force. They are moving around the central region due to the

    variation of centripetal and centrifugal force. As the position of our galaxy is in, one of

    the polar region, so we are going away from the center of the universe.

    The objects which are moving outwards from the Polar Regions return to the central

    region again through an elliptical or parabolic path and the system continues. We may

    consider the central region as a black hole. There may be infinite number of universes

    outside our universe.

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    All the questions related to universe may be answered from this model and all the

    mathematical equations and observational evidences about the universe may fit to this

    new and logical model.

    Md Abdul Alim

    Email: [email protected]