Jerry Gordon Lead Systems Engineer, AAI Corporation

Why the Focus on UAV?

UAS System Engineering Challenges Analytic Boundaries What does “unmanned” actually mean? Impact on Acquisition Impact on Operations Impact on Training Safety Record Other Socio-technical issues

Analytic Boundaries

Who “owns” the UAS? OPCON/TACCON Maintenance Activity STANAG levels of control

“Uninhabited” vs Unmanned Maintenance

Mission Packages

Contractor logistics

Organizational Maintenance

Intermediate/Depot maintenance

Operators

What does “unmanned” actually mean? Levels of autonomy Ethical issues

Impact on Acquisition

Started as ACTD Rapidly evolving technology Support Systems

System Enhancement

Take-offlanding

Outer pilot

Material Changes•Carburetor Icing•Single Point of Failure Alarms•Autolaunch

Doctrinal Changes•Low fuel•Low oil•Launch ErrorEmergency

Procedures Training

Personnel Changes

Impact on Operations

Impact on Workload Interface Look and Feel Digital Teammate

Impact on Training

Manned vs Unmanned DifferencesLatencyField of RegardCueing

Training Fidelity vs Cost Situation Awareness definition

Restricted Field of RegardTUAV - POP 300 (Public Data)

A-10 FMT (MetaVR)

The “Soda Straw” View

Inverted Y-Axis ProblemAre you a gamer?

Or a pilot?

Manned Aircraft Cues and Responses

Aircraft Environment

OperatorsHMI (alerts, controls andindications)

OTWHapticAuditory, etc

SensorsFlightMechanics

External Cues

Unmanned Aircraft Cues and Responses

Aircraft Environment

Operators

Autopilot

SensorsFlightMechanics

Include some latency

Payload

Restricted “OTW”

Alerts, Controls and Indications

Safety

Absence of Shared FateSee and avoid?“Equivalent Level of safety”?

Mishap Rates (2004 public data)

Other Socio-technical issues Airspace Integration Pilot Myth and the web of trust Social crew interaction and caste

system System Acceptance and place within the

warfighting machine - G-2 to G-3