JEOPARDYJEOPARDYTypes of Microbes

“Good Bugs”

Structure “Diseases” Odds and Ends

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Answer

• Contains DNA and can make proteins but contains no membrane-bound organelles.

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• What are bacteria?

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• Consists of a nucleic acid usually surrounded by a protein coat.

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• What is a virus?

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• Made of protein only.

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• What is a prion?

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• Secretes enzymes and digests food outside its cells. We eat the fruiting bodies of some species.

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• What are fungi?

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• Single-celled eukaryotes. Members of this group do not easily fit into other kingdoms.

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• What are protists?

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• Responsible for rising bread and brewing beer.

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• What is yeast?

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• Source of the atmospheric oxygen on early earth.

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• What is cyanobacteria?

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• Responsible for the production of vitamin K in the human colon.

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• What is bacteria (E. coli)?

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• Exists in a symbiotic relationship with coral performing photosynthesis. Damaged when coral reefs are “bleached.”

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• What are algae?

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• Role that bacteria play in the nodules of some plants which provides an essential nutrient.

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• What is nitrogen fixation?

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• Three cell shapes used to distinguish bacteria.

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• What are round (cocci), rod (bacillus), and spiral (spirochete)?

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• Stain used to distinguish bacterial cell wall structures.

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• What is gram stain?

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• Structure responsible for movement in bacteria.

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• What is a flagellum?

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• Tube through which “male” DNA is transferred to a “female” strain in conjugation.

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• What is a pilus?

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• Bacterial structure which aids in survival in adverse conditions.

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• What is an endospore?

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• Caused by a protist and spread by mosquitoes. Sickle cell carriers are less likely to contract this deadly disease.

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• What is malaria?

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• Spread by deer ticks and is named after a town in Connecticut.

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• What is Lyme disease.

• Can be carried on improperly cleaned uncooked food and causes illness in humans (and sometimes death). Recent cases linked to eating raw tomatoes and/or hot peppers.

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• What is E. coli O157;H7

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• Disease that causes the most deaths world-wide. Spread through the air through coughing.

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• What is Tuberculosis?

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• Scientists used to think this stomach disease was caused by stress. Recently discovered that it is caused by a bacterium, H. pylori.

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• What are ulcers?

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• The causative agent for AIDS.

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• What is HIV?

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• The name for transfer of DNA between bacteria.

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• What is horizontal gene transfer (HGT: transformation, conjugation, or transduction)?

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• Disease that can be caused by eating improperly canned food. Disease is caused by a toxin made by the bacteria. Injection of this toxin is used to remove wrinkles.

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• What is botulism?

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• Process where naked DNA is transferred into a bacterium. This method is used to make recombinant DNA clones.

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• What is transformation?

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• Cause of concern in hospital bacterial infections.

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• Multiple Drug Resistant bacteria.