JEFFERSON’S PRESIDENCYAmerican Pageant- Chapter 11

The Beginning of Mudslinging

Election of 1800 Adams vs. Jefferson- Part 2

Allegations? (p225)

Adultery Fathered mulatto

children- with his slave (Sally Hemings)

Liberal religious views = atheism

Military build-up but no war

Large national debt

Taxes

Democratic- Republicans (Jefferson) Federalists (Adams)

You Decide…..

Was the Revolution of 1800 aptly named? Do you think it was really a revolution? Why or why not?

Write your answer on a sheet of paper to turn in.

Bloodless Revolution First exchange of power in the US Bloodless exchange- no rebellion, no revolution,

quiet exchange from one President to another Changeover from Federalist to Dem-Republican Showcased their democratic spirit and the true

difference between America and European nations

As a result of the election, the Federalist Party practically disappeared

COMPARE…..

…….. the inaugurations of the Federalist Presidents to that of Jefferson.

Legislative Changes Sedition Acts expired in 1801 Alien Act was replaced by the

Naturalization Act of 1802. Residency requirement reduced to 5 years (from 14).

Excise tax was repealed- strained the agrarian society of the South and West too much.

Government lost $$ annually.

Military Reduced the size of the navy Nearly eliminated the army No need for a standing army in

peacetime Navy only to defend ships along US

coastline

Barbary Pirates Bribes paid to them to allow unrestricted

shipping in the Mediterranean Sea. Barbary Coast of Africa- Northern Africa Jefferson refused to pay them Fighting between US ships and Barbary

states until a treaty was made.

Judiciary Act of 1801 Signed by John Adams at the “last hour”

of his Presidency Created 16 new federal judgeships

“Packing the Courts” with Federalist judges Known as the “midnight judges” Led to the famous case Marbury v.

Madison Marshall Court

Chief Justice John Marshall

•Read the document provided on Marbury v Madison.•Answer questions 1,2,5

European Interactions France and Spain = cession of trans-

Mississippi Louisiana and New Orleans to France

Pinckney’s Treaty become invalid- loss of navigation and warehousing rights- affects western farmers most.

Jefferson concerned about fighting Napoleon to regain access.

Louisiana Purchase Robert Livingston and James Monroe 1803 Intended to purchase New Orleans and

any surrounding land they could for up to $10 million

Napoleon sold the entire Louisiana Territory for $15 million.

WHY?

Napoleon Lost Haiti during a rebellion led by

Toussaint L’Ouverture = no need for Louisiana’s food supplies

Wanted/Needed $$$ to defeat British Feared a British and American alliance if

he didn’t negotiate a deal.

Louisiana Purchase = 1803= doubled the size of the United States

Conflict of Conscience Jefferson = strict constructionist Purchase of land was not a Presidential

“duty” listed in the Constitution

Jefferson wanted to expand farmable land

Lead to his dream of an agrarian society

Corps of Discovery Lewis and Clark Translator Sacajawea 1804 Explored land in the West, all the way to

the Pacific coast Notebooks containing maps, flora and

fauna, Indian tribes Helped the East to have a better

understanding of the West

Meriwether Lewis

William Clark

Notebooks of Meriwether Lewis

Corps of Discovery Map

Treason?? Aaron Burr 2 attempts to lead a section of the US to

break away from the nation New York West

Plots were discovered BOTH times Scheme in the West led to him being

tried for TREASON- not guilty Spent rest of life in Europe

Death of Hamilton

British- France War Impact on the US???

Trade Impressment

Loss of neutral trading rights

Orders in Council-Britain closed European

ports (under French control) to all imports and exports

Caveat- ships let through if they went to Britain first

Napoleon retaliated

Seizure of all ships entering British ports

British France

US has no way to trade- hurts economy

Impressment British impressment of American sailors

Chesapeake incident Off the coast of VA Fighting ensued between Chesapeake and

British ship Injury and death of American sailors

The Chesapeake Affair

Jefferson Responds Embargo Act (1807) Hated!!! Jefferson forbade all trade with England

and France (included ports outside of these nations)

Goal: hurt the economy of both nations causing them to leave us alone

Avoid war with both nations

Impact on the US Hurt New England- shipbuilding, port

trade, merchants Hurt South- nowhere to export foodstuff

(agricultural products)

Dambargo Mobrage Go Bar ‘Em O Grab Me

Changing Tactics Repeal of the Embargo Act in 1809 Replacement by the Non-Importation Act

Reopened trade with everyone EXCEPT England and France

End of Jefferson’s President At the conclusion of his 2nd term,

Jefferson chose to follow Washington’s precedent of only two terms.

Endorsed James Madison for the election of 1808

ASSIGNMENT1. Read “Case Study- The Embargo Act of

1807..”