Jean-Luc BIARROTTE CNRS-IN2P3 / IPN Orsay, France EURATOM FP7 MAX project coordinator

1J-L. Biarrotte, EuCARD²/MAX workshop on Accelerators for ADS, CERN, 20-21 March 2014.

Overview of the MAX activities& possible H2020 prospects

Jean-Luc BIARROTTE CNRS-IN2P3 / IPN Orsay, France

EURATOM FP7 MAX project coordinator


1.The MYRRHA linac concept

2. Main MAX achievements3. Outlook & possible H2020 prospects

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The MYRRHA projectThe MYRRHA project

MYRRHA Project

Multi-purpose hYbrid Research Reactor for High-tech Applications At Mol (Belgium)

Development, construction & commissioning of a new large fast neutron research infrastructure

to be operational in 2023

ADS demonstrator

Fast neutron irradiation facility

Pilot plant for LFR technology

J-L. Biarrotte, EuCARD²/MAX workshop on Accelerators for ADS, CERN, 20-21 March 2014.


MYRRHA as an ADS demonstratorMYRRHA as an ADS demonstrator

Main features of the ADS demo

50-100 MWth power

Highly-enriched MOX fuel

Pb-Bi Eutectic coolant & target

keff around 0.95 in subcritical mode

600 MeV, 2.5 - 4 mA proton beam

Demonstrate the physics and technology of an Accelerator Driven System (ADS) for transmuting long-lived radioactive waste

Demonstrate the ADS concept (coupling accelerator + spallation source + power reactor)

Demonstrate the transmutation(experimental assemblies)


Proton energy 600 MeV

Peak beam current 0.1 to 4.0 mA

Repetition rate 1 to 250 Hz

Beam duty cycle 10-4 to 1

Beam power stability < ± 2% on a time scale of 100ms

Beam footprint on reactor window Circular 85mm

Beam footprint stability < ± 10% on a time scale of 1s

# of allowed beam trips on reactor longer than 3 sec 10 maximum per 3-month operation period

# of allowed beam trips on reactor longer than 0.1 sec 100 maximum per day

# of allowed beam trips on reactor shorter than 0.1 sec unlimited

MYRRHA proton beam requirementsMYRRHA proton beam requirements

High power proton beam (up to 2.4 MW)

Extreme reliability level


The ADS reliability requirementThe ADS reliability requirement

In any case, reliability guidelines are needed for the ADS accelerator design:

Strong design i.e. robust optics, simplicity, low thermal stress, operation margins…

Redundancy (serial where possible, or parallel) to be able to tolerate failures

Repairability (on-line where possible) and efficient maintenance schemes

Beam trips longer than 3 sec must be very rare:

To limit thermal stress & fatigue on the target window, reactor structures & fuel assemblies

To ensure a 80% availability – given the foreseen reactor start-up procedures

Present MYRRHA spécifications: <10 beam trips per 3-month operation period (i.e. MTBF > 250h) – derived from the PHENIX reactor operation analysis

Far above present HPPA accelerator performance – MTBF is a few hours at PSI or SNS

Far above present ADS specifications in US or Japan – based on simulations

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+

Operational injector 1: RF + PS + beam ON

Warm stand-by injector 2: RF+ PS ON, beam OFF (on FC)

Initial configuration

-

The failure is localized in injector

The switching magnet polarity is changed

(~1s)

+

A failure is detected anywhereBeam is stopped in injector 1 by the Machine Protection System @t0

-

Beam is resumed

Injector 2 operational (@t1 < t0 +3sec)

Failed injector 1, to be repaired on-line if possible

Need for an efficient fault diagnostic system !

Strategy for a fault in the injector = parallel redundancyStrategy for a fault in the injector = parallel redundancy


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A failure is detected anywhere

→ Beam is stopped by the MPS in injector at t0

The fault is localized in a SC cavity RF loop

→ Need for an efficient fault diagnostic system

New V/φ set-points are updated in cavities adjacent to the failed one

→ Set-points determined via virtual accelerator application and/or at the commissioning phase

The failed cavity is detuned (to avoid the beam loading effect)

→ Using the Cold Tuning System

Once steady state is reached, beam is resumed at t1 < t0 + 3sec

→ Failed RF cavity system to be repaired on-line if possible

Failed cavity Failed cavity positionposition

Failed cavity Failed cavity positionposition

Strategy for a fault in the main linac = serial redundancyStrategy for a fault in the main linac = serial redundancy


Listen to F. Bouly


Layout of the MYRRHA linacLayout of the MYRRHA linac


Layout of the MYRRHA linacLayout of the MYRRHA linac


MYRRHA within EURATOM FP7MYRRHA within EURATOM FP7

FREYAGUINEVERE exp.

SCK●CEN(2011-2016)

CDTReactor design

SCK●CEN(2009-2012)

MAXAccelerator design

CNRS(2011-2014)

ARCASTransmutation economics

SCK●CEN (2010-2013)

MAXSIMASafety assesment

SCK●CEN(2012-2018)

MARISAConsortium organisation

& licensing

SCK●CEN(2013-2016)


http://ipnweb.in2p3.fr/MAX/

Goal: deliver a consolidated reference layout of the MYRRHA linac with sufficient detail and adequate level of confidence in order to initiate in 2015 its engineering design and subsequent construction phase

The MAX project (2011-2014)

11 partners~ 5 M€ total cost~ 10 people FTE

WP1: Global accelerator design

WP2: Injector developments

WP3: Main linac developments

WP4: System optimisation


1. The MYRRHA linac concept

2.Main MAX achievements

3. Outlook & possible H2020 prospects

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Production of a reference design for the whole MYRRHA accelerator

o LEBT (presently under construction by SCK+LPSC)

o RFQ + CH booster (KONUS version)

o MEBT

o Main SRF linac (incl. fault-tolerance capabilities)

o HEBT (ISOL deviation + reactor interface)

o Definition of beam time structure & power control strategy


WP1 – Global accelerator designWP1 – Global accelerator design

Listen to R. Salemme

Listen to D. Mäder

Listen to F. Bouly

MYRRHA linac international design review (Brussels, Nov. 2012)

o Very encouraging feedback, list of very valuable recommendations

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Consolidation of the reference design

o Beam dynamics benchmarking activities Parmteqm/Toutatis → OK

Lorasr/TraceWin → OK

o Start-to-end beam simulation from ion source to target

o First sensitivity analyses and error studies

o Improved design of the injector achieved Lower emittance RFQ

More conservative CH injector design


WP1 – Global accelerator designWP1 – Global accelerator design

Assessments of the MYRRHA buildings layout

Listen to D. Mäder

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R&D on the MYRRHA 176 MHz RFQ

o 4-rod w/ technology choices optimized for reliable CW operation

o Fabrication and high-power RF test of a 1m-long prototype

o Design of the 4m-long MYRRHA RFQ


WP2 – Injector developmentsWP2 – Injector developments

Listen to D. Mäder

R&D on the MYRRHA CH cavities

o NC and SC CH cavity design incl. ancillaries

o Fabrication of a NC 5-gap CH-prototype

o Fabrication and 1st tests of a SC 7-gap CH-prototype

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R&D on the MYRRHA 352 MHz Spoke cryomodule

o Design of the MYRRHA spoke 2-gap cavity incl. call for tender for 2 prototypes

o Detailed design of the MYRRHA spoke cryomodule incl. engineering drawings


WP3 – Main linac developmentsWP3 – Main linac developments

Listen to H. Saugnac

R&D on 704 MHz elliptical cavities

o Fabrication and CW conditioning of 2 power couplers

o High-power commissioning of the test cryomodule w/ =0.5 5-cell cavity, 80kW IOT, @2K

o Development of an innovative CTS control system suited for fault recovery scenarios

o First assessments on multipacting

Listen to M. El Yakoubi

Listen to Y. Gomez

Listen to I. Martin Hoyo

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Reliability analysis

o Development of a reliability model of the SNS accelerator& benchmark w/ SNS logbook data

o Development of the MYRRHA linac reliability model (in work)


WP4 – System optimisationWP4 – System optimisation

Listen to A. Pitigoï

R&D on 700 MHz solid-state amplifiers

o Design of a 32kW SSPA for MYRRHA

o Development & test of a 800W elementary module

Listen to S. Sierra

Conceptual design of the MYRRHA cryogenic plant Listen to T. Junquera

Main lessons learned from the GUINEVERE ADS operation analysis


1. The MYRRHA linac concept2. Main MAX achievements

3. Outlook & possible H2020 prospects


OutlookOutlook

Complete MAX scientific programme (project ends 31 July 2014)

o WP1: include new improved injector design in TraceWin & perform MC error studies in nominal case and (at least 1) fault cases

o WP2: perform additional RF tests of RFQ (long test run) and CH prototypes

o WP3: cryomodule operation with DLLRF and innovative CTS control system to assess the feasibility of fault-recovery scenarios

o WP4: run the MYRRHA reliability model & provide recommendations

Prepare a possible follow-up within Euratom H2020

o First H2020 Euratom FISSION call (deadline date: 17 Sept. 2014)

o Output of the preliminary discussions between MAX and SCK*CEN are: Only 1 integrated project with 3 big WPs (reactor safety, liquid LBE R&D, accelerator R&D)

Main goal of the accelerator WP: focus efforts to pursue the development of a full-scale MYRRHA injector demonstrator while trying to sustain the generic R&D developed so far during MAX

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Possible topics for a future accelerator WP (6M€ total budget oom) - tb further discussed !!o WP.1: construction of a full RFQ demonstrator (IAP?, …?)

o WP.2: 176 MHz RF power amplifier development (SCK?, …?)

o WP.3: Digital LLRF development (IPNO?, …?)

o WP.4: Beam diagnostics (CEA?, IPNO?, …?)

o WP.5: Controls (SCK?, CosyLab?, …?)

o WP.6: Beam simulation code development (CEA?, LPSC?, IPNO?, …?)

o WP.7: LEBT space-charge experiments (LPSC?, CEA?, SCK?, …?)

o WP.8: Injector commissioning (SCK?, IAP?, IPNO?, LPSC?, …?)

o WP.9: Detailed injector reliability analysis (EA?, …?)

o WP.10: SRF spoke R&D – prototyping, multipacting (IPNO?, LPSC?, …?)

o WP.11: SRF CH demonstration with beam (IAP?, …?)


Possible H2020 prospectsPossible H2020 prospects

Listen to C. Joly

Listen to D. Vandeplassche

Listen to M. Plesko

Listen to N. Chauvin & R. Salemme

Listen to D. Uriot & F. Bouly

Additional/new ideas and partners are obviously very welcome !


These are very preliminary draft ideas !! We are all here to help:

o identifying the necessary R&D topics for the ADS/MYRRHA linac development

o finding synergies (that make sense) amongst different European institutions

& contribute to the final session !!

Clearly, huge R&D investment is still needed to demonstrate the ADS feasibility & prepare for MYRRHA construction.

It would be nice to have a more clear view (before 2015) on:

o how the MYRRHA project will evolve (construction phase?, delayed?, postponed…?)

o the associated possible impact on SCK accelerator R&D roadmap

Listen to L. Medeiros


Thank You for your attention!

http://ipnweb.in2p3.fr/MAX/

http://myrrha.sckcen.be/

Documents

Jean-Luc BIARROTTE CNRS-IN2P3 / IPN Orsay, France EURATOM FP7 MAX project coordinator