Java Netbeans Tutorials for beginners

7/22/2019 Java Netbeans Tutorials for beginners

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HG]@GLHY AL_L ]W]FPDLCY OFP @GNDHHGPY

AL_L Ifmdhn sdjpcdogm


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HG]@GLHY AL_L ]W]FPDLC OFP @DNDHHGPY

Jlhfa L.U


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D usgm tbds jltgrdlc ofr trldhdhn prfnrlj fo tbg yfuhn lhm prfvdm-gm ls lh lmmdtdfhlc jltgrdlc ofr stumghts.]bgsg tutfrdlc ifccgitdfhsprfvgm gxtrgljgcy bgcpoucc ofr gndhhgrs fo Alvllhm Hgt`glhprf-

nrljjdhn pcltofrj.

Lhy`fmy wbf wfucm cdkg tf usg lhm mdstrd`utg tbds `ffk ilh hm cdhk

tf mfwhcflm tbg iurrght vgrsdfh fo tbds g-`ffk orfj lutbfrs `cfn/

twdttgr liifuhts. ^g lcsf cfvg tf bglr wblt yfu lrg tbdhkdhn l`fut

tbds g-`ffk.

]blhk yfu,

JLHFA

bttp1//twddttgr/jlhfaJgclttur

Lutbfr's Hftg


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IfhtghtsBfw tf lmm hfmgs tf l swdhn trgg ifhtrfc dh alvl Hgt`glhs6 7

irgltg mltl`lsg lhm tl`cgs dh Alvl M@/AM@ 6 4

Jlkg l ]l``gm mdlcfn dh Alvl Hgt`glhs


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Ifmg ds pfgtry


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Bfwt

f

bttp1//tgibdgtlckilt.`cfnspft.dh

HG]@GLHY AL_L ]W]FPDLCY

Bfw tf lmm hfmgs tf l swdhn trgg ifhtrfc dh alvl

Hgt`glhs6

L Ywdhn rgg ifhtrfc wdcc g l nffm fptdfh fr lh lppcdiltdfh dh wbdib usgrs hggm tf sgcgit dtg

rfj l vlrdgty f nrfups. Wsdhn l swdhn rgg ifjpfhght dh Hgt`glhs ds sf glsy. D yfu mfht wtfuib juib f tbg ifmg yfu ilh usg tbg Jfmgc prfpgrty tf sgt up yfur trgg hfmgs.

Cgts `gndh aust lhftbgr Hgt`glhs Alvl lppcdiltdfh


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MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg j:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(jlh

nf);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg p:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHf

mg(Udhwlppcg);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg n:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHf

mg(Nrlpgs);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg f:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHf

mg(Frlhng);

Audigs.lmm(j); //lmm jlhnf ibdcm hfmg tf tbg

Audig hfmg ls ibdcm

Audigs.lmm(p);

Audigs.lmm(n);

Audigs.lmm(f);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg os:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(-

Orudt Ylclm);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg oc:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(O

cffml);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg ib:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHf-

mg(Ibficltg Yblkg);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg js:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(-

Jdsi);

di.lmm(os);

di.lmm(oc);//lmm Orudt Ylclm tf tbg DigIrgljg hfmg

ibdcm.

di.lmm(ib);

a]rgg0.sgtJfmgc(hgw Mgoluct]rggJfmgc(tfp));

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg Audigs:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(Audi

gs);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg di:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(Di

Irglj);

tfp.lmm(di); // lmm tbg DigIrgljg hfmg tf tbg tfp

hfmg ls ibdcm


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tfp.lmm(Audigs);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg j:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(jl

nf);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg p:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(Ud

wlppcg);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg n:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(Nrlpgs);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg f:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(Fr

lhng);

Audigs.lmm(j); //lmm jlhnf ibdcm hfmg tf tbg Audig

hfmg ls ibdcm

Audigs.lmm(p);

Audigs.lmm(n);

Audigs.lmm(f);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg os:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(-

Orudt Ylclm);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg oc:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(O

cffml);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg ib:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHf-

mg(Ibficltg Yblkg);

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg js:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg(-

Jdsi);

di.lmm(os);

di.lmm(oc);//lmm Orudt Ylclm tf tbg DigIrgljg hfmg

ibdcm.

di.lmm(ib);

a]rgg0.sgtJfmgc(hgw Mgoluct]rggJfmgc(tfp));Hfw dt wdcc cffk cdkg


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NGDHN BG ULB FO BG YGCGIDFH

Yf bfw wfucm yfu ngt tbg sgcgitdfh pltb, dt ds glsy .Mrln lh lmmdtdfh Cl`gc ifhtrfc

Fh tbg icdik gvght f tbg Argg put tbgsg rglky ifmgs.

]rggUltb tp;

tp:a]rgg0.ngtYgcgitdfhUltb();

MgoluctJutl`cg]rggHfmg t:hgw MgoluctJutl`cg]rggH

mg(tp);

do (t!:hucc){ aCl`gc


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Bfwt

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irgltg mltl`lsg lhm tl`cgs dh Alvl M@/AM@ 6

Jfst f tbg prfnrlj rgqudrg l mltl`lsg ,Alvl ifjgs up wdtb lh dh`udct mltl`lsg ilccgm AlvlM

Dt ds lh uhdqug Y\C mltl `lsg.Wsdhn tbg sgrvdig jghu yfu ilh fpgrltg tbg AM@ dh Hgt`glhs ADMG.

Irgltdhn yfur rst Mltl`lsg usdhn AlvlM@

Liigss tbg sgrvdigs wdhmfw rfj tbg pliklng gxpcfrgr /rfj ^dhmfws jghu(Itrc+7) . Gxplhm Mltl @lsg -8AlvlM@.

Mltl`lsg Ifhhgitdfh dh Hgt`glhs

Pdnbt icdik tbgAlvl M@lhm usg irgltg mltl`lsg ifjjlhm tf irgltg usgr l hmltl`lsg.

Irgltg Alvl M@ mltl`lsg

# Lotgr tbg mltl`lsg irgltdfh l hgw ifhhgitdfh wdcc lppglrgm dh tbg aust `gcfw

Mrdvgr ofcmgr.

Gxplhm tbg ifhhgitdfh hfmg wbdib wdcc cdst mdstgrght sibgjlyfu ilh usg.

Yibgjl

Gxplhm fhg f tbg sibgjl wbdib wdcc cdst l`cgs,_dgws lhm Urfigmurgs.

Cgts irgltg tbg rst tl`cg

Pdnbt icdik tl`cg lhm usdhn irgltg tl`cgifjjlhm mgsdnh yfur rst tl`cg.

l`cg mdlcfn dh Hgt`glhs

Mltl ilh `g ghtgrgm tf tbg tl`cg rfj tbg vdgw mltl wdhmfw, wbgrg yfu ilh lcsf gxgiutg Y\

qugrdgs.(Wsdhn tbg rdnbt icdik f tbg l`cg fcmgr yfu ilh liigss tbg wdhmfw)

_dgws

_dgws lrg tbg cfndilc tl`cgs wbdib jly rgprgsght fhcy l plfo l tl`cg.Irgltdhn l vdgw dh AlvlM@ ds sf sdjpcg lhm glsy.Tfu ilifj`dhg tl`cgs usdhn tbg vdgws.


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Pdnbt icdik tbg vdgws fcmgr usg irgltg vdgw wdhmfw tf irgltg vdgw `lsgm fh tbg tl`cg fnrfup f tl`cgs. Lvfdm sgjdifcfh(;) lt tbg ghm f tbg Y\C stltgjght.

Irgltg vdgw mdlcfn Bgrg ds lh gxljpcg `lsgm fh tbg prfmuit tl`cg.

_dgw Hljg1 Lvldcl`cg Urfmuits sgcgit * rfj prfmuit wbgrg lvldcl`cg:PWG

Urfigmurgs

Wsdhn prfigmurgs aust ruh gw Y\C ifjjlhms.Aust rdnbt icdik tbg fcmgr lhm sgcgit gxgiifjjlhm lhm ruh. Tfu ilh ifhhgit lhm mdsifhhgit ifhhgitdfh tf tbg mltl`lsg fr tl cg usdhn t bifhhgit/mdsifhhgit ifjjlhm.

# *Hgt`glhs ds l orgg Alvl DMG ofr mgvgcfpdhn Alvl lppcdiltdfh.Ngt yfur ifpy orfjlicg.ifj


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Jlkg l ]l``gm mdlcfn dh Alvl Hgt`glhs

Alvl Hgt`glhs , lh DMG tblt sdjpcdy tbg ifmdhn fr Alvl lppcdiltdfh mgvgcfpjght, prfvdmg r

sgt f vdsulc tffcs wbdib ilh `g usgm tf mgsdnh yfur wdhmfws wdtb Ywdhn lhm L^ ifhtldhlhm ifjpfhghts.

l``gm wdhmfws ds glturgm jfst f lppcdiltdfh , gspgidlccy fh ^dhmfwsFY lpps.Yf bfwwg usg tbg l``gm frjs dh Hgt`glhs lhm Alvl. Jfst f tbg clhnulngs cdkg _dsulc @LYDI cgttl``gm mdlcfnugs wdtb sdhncg ifjpfhght. @ut dh Alvls wly tbdhns `gifjgs mdstgrght.

Ywdhn prfvdmgs twf typgs fo ifjpfhghts ifhtldhgrs lhm iftrfcs .Ifhtldhgrs aust bfcm tbg ifhtrfcs.Dh frmgr jlkg tl``gm mdlc

wg hggm l tl``gm ifhtldhgr lhm lhm Dhtgrhlc Orljg.

Ytlrt l Alvl Urfagit lhm cglvg tbg jldh iclss `clhk. Lmm l AOrljg Ofrj tf tbg prfagit.Nf tf Hgw - Ywdhn NWD Ofrj -

AOrljg Ofrj.

Fpgh tbg Ofrj `y mfu`cg icdik dh tbg Urfagit - Yfurig Uliklngs - Ofrj.

Mrln l l``gm Ulhg ifhtldhgrtf tbgAOrljg Ofrjtf tbg Ywdhn Ulccgt. Hf tl`s lppglr,dsht dt6

Hfw mrlnADhtgrhlc Orljg orfjifhtldhgr lhm dt wdcc sbfw up tbg tl`.f

iblhng tbg tl` tdtcg mfu`cg icdik.Dh frmgr tf lrrlhng ifhtrfcs fh tbg Dhtgrhlc orljgusg plhgc ifhtldhgr, dt cgt yfu nrf

dtgjs.

# Jfvg `gtwggh tl`s ,usdhn ifmg ds prgtty sdjpcg; YgcgitgmDhmgx(5) prfpgrty cgt

jfvg tbrfunb tl`s.

^g ilh lcsf rg pfsdtdfh tbg tl`s.


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Mltl`lsg prfnrljjdhn wdtb Hgt`glhs lhm Alvl

Tfu ilh irgltg pfwgruc mltl`lsg lppcdiltdfhs usdhn tbg Alvl clhnulng lhm Hgt`glhs DMG.A

usgs AM@I fr ifhhgitdhn Y\C mltl`lsgs.]g clhnulng bls rdib sgt f Y\C lhm mltl`lsg utdfhlcdty iclssgs.]ds tutfrdlc wdcc tglib bfw yfu ilh irgltg l mltl `lsg lppcdiltdfh.

Urfagit Ifjpfhghts

Dh fur gxljpcg wg irgltg lh JMD Lppcdiltdfh wbdib slvgs tbg Gxpghsg f mltg.Dt ds l pgrsflppcdiltdfh.

^g usg l Dhtgrhlc OrljglhmAOrljgOfrjpcus l spcdt plh tf lmm gw `uttfhs. Dh lmmdtdfh wg blm l iclss ifhtlit wdtb jgj`grs tf lmm mltl`lsg uhitdfhlcdty.

Cglrh tbg ifjpcgtg tutfrdlc lhm jlstgr Alvl lhm AM@I prfnrljjdhn

]g JMD ^dhmfw lhm Ibdcms

Ytlrt l Alvl Lppcdiltdfh prfagit wdtb

Ywdhn NWD Ofrjs; AOrljg Ofrj lhm tbgh Dhtgrhlc Orljg Ofrj,Mgsktfp plhg rfjYwdhn ifhtldhgr plccgts.

Ulhgc ifhtldhgr wdtb @uttfhs,cdst `fxgs, ifj`f `fxgs lhm l tgxt gcm tf dhput mltl.

Lcsf lmm tbg fccfwdhn ifmg tf tbg jldh frj(AOrljg Ofrj) dh frmgr tf cflm tbg ibdcmfrj dh rgspfhsg tf tbg `uttfh icdik

prdvltg vfdm HgwRphs@uttfhJfusgIcdikgm(alvl.lwt.gvght.JfusgGvght gvt) {

GhtryOfrj go:hgw GhtryOfrj();aMgsktfpUlhg


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i1mgr`y1//cfilcbfst1/]gibM@,tgib,jlhualh);Yystgj

fut.prdht(Mltl@lsg Ifhhgitdfh gstl`cdsbgm);} iltib (Gx

igptdfh g) {Yystgj.fut.prdht(Mltl@lsg grrfr+g.ngtJgs-

slng());}}

l]g Iclss.Ofrhljgspgidgs tbg Mltl`lsg Mrdvgr.Tfu ilh liigss tbds dhofrjltdfh usdhnYgrvdigs Ulhgc (Urfagit Gxpcfrgr).

lAust nf tf tbg ifhhgitdfh prfpgrtdgs.

]bg Ifhhgitdfh f`agit ifh spgidgs tbg mltl`lsg WPC lcfhn wdtb ugrhljg lhm plsswfrm.

IWPM Fpgrltdfhs

Hfw yfur prfnrlj rglmy tf liigpt ifhhgitdfh rfj mltl`lsg.Cgts Aust mf sfjg IWPM fpg

tdfhs. Lmm l jgtbfm ilccgm LmmHgwRpghsg lhm lmm tbg fccfwdhn ifmgs.

pu`cdi vfdm LmmHgwRpghsg() {try {st:ifh.irgltgYtltg-

jght();Ytrdhn Y\C;Y\C:DHYGP] DH]F ]GIB.RUGHYG _LC-

WGY(+xm+,+RDtgj+,+R

Ilt+,+Rtypg+,+Rljfuht+);st.gxgiutgWp-

mltg(Y\C);Yystgj.fut.prdht(Fhg rgifrm lmmgm);}

iltib (Gxigptdfh g) {Yystgj.fut.prdht(Grrfr ifui-iurgm1+g.ngtJgsslng());}

}

lBgrg st irgltg lhm gxgiutg Y\C stltgjghts. Ydjpcy dhsgrt tbg Y\C ifjjlhms.

l^g usg strdhn vlrdl`cg tf lvfdm prf`cgj wdtb Y\C mltl typg lhm Alvl typgs. st.gxgiutgmltg(Y\C); wdcc gxgiutg tbg Y\C stltgjght lhm dhsgrt rfws.

# Tfu ilh mf lcc tbg IWPM fpgrltdfh cdkg tbds.

]g ifjpcgtg Rpghsg iclss wdcc cffk cdkg

pliklng IbdcmOfrjs;

djpfrt alvl.sqc.Ifhhgitdfh;

djpfrt alvl.sqc.MrdvgrJlhlngr;

djpfrt alvl.sqc.PgsuctYgt;


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djpfrt alvl.sqc.Ytltgjght;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.Mltg;

pu`cdi iclss Rpghsgs {

Ifhhgitdfh ifh:hucc;

Ytltgjght st:hucc;

PgsuctYgt rg:hucc;

pu`cdi Ytrdhn xm:hucc;

pu`cdi Ytrdhn RDtgj:hucc;;

pu`cdi Ytrdhn RIlt:hucc;

pu`cdi Ytrdhn Rtypg:hucc;;

Ytrdhn Rljfuht:hucc;

pu`cdi Rpghsgs() {

try {

Iclss.ofrHljg(frn.lplibg.mgr`y.am`i.IcdghtMrdvgr);

ifh:MrdvgrJlhlngr.ngtIfhhgitdfh(am`i1mgr`y1//cfilc-

bfst1/]gibM@,tgib,jlhualh);

Yystgj.fut.prdht(Mltl@lsg Ifhhgitdfh gstl`cdsbgm);

} iltib (Gxigptdfh g) {

Yystgj.fut.prdht(Mltl@lsg grrfr+g.ngtJgsslng());

}

}

pu`cdi vfdm YgtMltg(Ytrdhn m){

tbds.xm:m;

}

pu`cdi vfdm YgtDtgj(Ytrdhn dt){

tbds.RDtgj:dt;

}pu`cdi vfdm YgtIltg(Ytrdhn il){

tbds.RIlt:il;

}

pu`cdi vfdm Ygt]ypg(Ytrdhn ty){

tbds.Rtypg:ty;


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}

pu`cdi vfdm YgtLjfuht(Ytrdhn lj){

tbds.Rljfuht:lj;

}

pu`cdi vfdm LmmHgwRpghsg() {

try {

st:ifh.irgltgYtltgjght();

Ytrdhn Y\C;

Y\C:DHYGP] DH]F ]GIB.RUGHYG _LCWGY(+xm+,+R-

Dtgj+,+RIlt+,+Rtypg+,+Rljfuht+);

st.gxgiutgWpmltg(Y\C);

Yystgj.fut.prdht(Fhg rgifrm lmmgm);


Yystgj.fut.prdht(Grrfr ifuiiurgm1+g.ngtJgsslng());

}}

}Rpghsg fàgit lhm dhvfkdhn jgjg`grs

Hfw yfu hggm tf irgltg lh fàgit f tbg iclss lhm usg dt tf dhsgrt l rfw tf y f

mltl`lsg tl`cg Lmm tbg fccfwdhn ifmg tf tbg Wpmltg ùttfh f tbg ibdcm frj (Dhtgrhlc Orl

Ofrj)

prdvltg vfdm Wpmltg]@uttfhJfusgIcdikgm(alvl.lwt.gvght.Jfu

sgGvght gvt) {

Rpghsgs x:hgw Rpghsgs();

try {

x.YgtMltg(mltg]xt.ngt]gxt());x.YgtLjfuht( ljfuht]xt.ngt]gxt() );

x.YgtIltg(IltIfj.ngtYgcgitgmDtgj().tfYtrdhn());

x.Ygt]ypg(]ypgIfj.ngtYgcgitgmDtgj().tfYtrdhn());

x.YgtDtgj(dtgjIfj.ngtYgcgitgmDtgj().tfYtrdhn());


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Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Mltg.vlcugFo(mltg]xt.ngt]gxt()).tf-

Ytrdhn());

x.LmmHgwRpghsg();


Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Pglmdhn grrfr ifiiurgm1+g.ngtJgs-

slng());

}

}

Hfw lmm sfjg cd`rlry fr tbg suppfrt f tbg Alvl M@ prfagit wbdib ilh `g fufh tbg m` - cd`fcmgr f tbg Alvlsmk.

Pdnbt icdik yfur prfagit rfj tbg rfj tbgpliklng gxpcfrgrlhm liigss p rgit prfpgrtdgs.

Liigss tbg Cd`rlrdgs lmm mgr`y lhm mgr`y icdght Alr usdhn tbgLmm Alr / Ofcmgr `uttfh.Hyfu lrg rglmy fr rst ruh

FK ,stlrt yfur mltl`lsg lhm ruh tbg prfagit.}


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Ucly wdtb ]l`cgs & vdgws dh Alvl M@

Mltl`lsg prfnrljjdhn wdtb Alvl-M@ lhm Hgt`glhs ds sf glsy.Yfjg tdjgs wg blm tl`cgs w

tff jlhy ifcujhs wbdib ds hft gssghtdlc fr tbg lppcdiltdfh.@ut tbg mltl ds `gdhn usgm `y ftusgrs.Dh tbds ilsg cfndilc vdgws f tl`cgs lrg nrglt bgcp tf tbg prfnrljjgr.

^blt ds l vdgw 6

_dgws lrg cfndilc tl`cgs.^g ilh irgltg l vdgw fo l tl`cg wdogw ifcujhs hggmgm `lsgm fh l tl`cg fr lhftbgr vdgw._dgw ilh wfrkgm cdkg tl`cg, `ut dt mdmht fiiupy lhy pbysdilc jgjfry.

_dgw struiturg fh sgrvdig wdhmfwIrgltdhn l vdgw6

Dh tbds gxljpcg wg usgm Alvl-M@ mgluct sljpcg mltl`lsg lhm l tl`cg ilccgm JLHWOLIWGP. ^g wlht fhcy gw rgifrms wbf wgrg dh tbg idty f Ylhtl Iclrl.

Liigss tbg Ygrvdig wdhmfw - Gxplhm yfur Mltl`lsg ifhhgitdfh (sljpcg)-LUU (sibgj

Gxplhm tbg tl`cg hfmg lhm tbgh tbg Jlhuliturgr sljpcg tl`cg.

Pdnbt icdik tbg _dgw hfmg lhm irgltg l hgw(YlhltIclrl)

Ygcgit jlhuoliturgrVdm,hljg,stltg,gjldc,rgp orfj jlhuoliturgr wbgrg idty : Ylhtl Iclrl

Hfw tdjg tf tlkg l cffk lt tbg vdgw yfu aust jlmg. Pdnbt icdik tbg vdgw lhm sgcgit vdgw mltl

Urgplrdhn tbg Urfagit

Ytlrt l Alvl Lppcdiltdfh [Cglvg tbg jldh iclss lcfhgZ

Lmm cd`rlrdgs tf tbg prfagit. Liigss tbg Urfagit Urfpgrtdgs - Cd`rlrdgs.

Lmm tbg mgr`y icdght alr cgs tf tbg prfagit dhfrmgr tf prfvdmg suppfrt fr tbg AlvlM@ Irgltg fccfwdhn dhstlhigs l`fvg tbg ifhstruitfr

Ifhhgitdfh i:hucc;

Ytltgjght s:hucc;

PgsuctYgt rs:hucc;


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Dhsgrt tbg ofccfwdhn ifmg dh tbg ifhstruitfr fo tbg ofrj

try {

Iclss.ofrHljg(frn.lplibg.mgr`y.am`i.IcdghtMrdvgr);

i:MrdvgrJlhlngr.ngtIfhhgitdfh(am`i1mgr`y1//cfilc-

bfst1/sljpcg,lpp,lpp);

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ifhhgitdfh gstl`cdsbgm);


Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(AM@ Grrfr1+g.ngtJgsslng());

}l tbds wdcc sgt up tbg ifhhgitdfh lhm rglmy ofr gxgiutdhn tbg qugrdgs lhm ifjjlhms.

Fh tbg icdik gvght f tbg a@uttfh dhsgrt tbg fccfwdhn

try {

Ytrdhn Y\C:YGCGI] * OPFJ LUU.YLH]LICLPL;

s:i.irgltgYtltgjght();

rs: s.gxgiutg\ugry(Y\C);

wbdcg(rs.hgxt()){

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(rs.ngtYtrdhn(JLHWOLI]WPGPV

DM)+ | +rs.ngtYtrdhn(HLJG)+ | +rs.ngt-

Ytrdhn(Y]L]G)+ | +rs.ngtYtrdhn(GJLDC)+ | +rs.ngt

Ytrdhn(PGU));

}


Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(]l`cg Grrfr1+g.ngtJgsslng());

}

Hfw yfu ilh ruh tbg prfagit.

# Aust cdkg dh tl`cg yfu ilh pgrofrj lcc IWPM fpgrltdfhs fh lstgitgm rfw]ry tf irgltg jfrg vdgws lhm lmm ogw rfws fh tbg Ywdhn ifjpfhghts


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Uclydhn wdtb swdhn Ifj`f@fx dh Hgt`glhs1 Lmmdhn

lh lrrly tf aIfj`f@fx

Ifj`f@fx ifjpfhght lccfws usgrs tf sgcgit lh dtgj rfj l cdst f dtgj fr ghtgr l hgw tgx

vlcug. Ifj`f@fx ds lh djpfrtlht NWD ifjpfhght fr gvgry mgsktfp lppcdiltdfh.A lvl prfvaIfj`f@fx tbrfunb tbg Alvlx.Ywdhn pliklng.

g ilh lmm lh dtgj tf ifj`f lt mgsdnh jfmg lhm lt ruh tdjg tff. Cgts sgg tbg ifjjfh jgtbtf lmm dtgjs tfaIfj`f@fxlt ruh tdjg.

Ytlrt l Alvl Lppcdiltdfh

Lmm l AOrljg Ofrj

Ifj`f`fx

Ifjjlhm ùttfh. Lmm tbg ifmg tf tbg icdik gvght f ùttfh fr lmmdhn l sdhncg Dtgj

aIfj`[email protected](Mujl);

Lmmdhn l sdhncg fàgit fr l nrfup fo fàgit

Yfjgtdjgs wg hggm tf lmm fàgit lrrlys tf Ifj`f`fx.Alvl cgt dt mf usdhn tbg YgtJfmgc jgtb

Mrln lhftbgr ùttfh lhm mrfp tbgsg ifmg tf tbg Icdik gvght.

^g lrg nfdhn tf lmm l sgt fo strdhns usdhn tbg Ytrdhn iclss.tblmm dt tf tbg aIfj`f@fx.]bds ds nffm prlitdig dhstglm fo usdhn Lmdtgj dh l cffp.

Ytrdhn [Z s:hgw Ytrdhn[7Z;

s[5Z:Fhlj;

s[


21/55


Hfw Puh tbg prfagit

Gxpcfrg jfrg Hgt`glhs utfrdlc fh wwww.tgibdgtlckilt.`cfnspft.dh


22/55

Bfwt

f



Wtdcdty Iclssgs 1 Pgturh juctdpcg vlcugs usdhn _gitfr

dh Alvl

Jgtbfms dh Alvl ds lh gssghtdlc glturg lt lcc. Jgtbfms ilh rgturh f`agit lhm vlcug. Cgts ifhsd

l sdtultdfh wbgrg yfu wlht tf rgturh l spgidi rfws rfj mltl`lsg tl`cg.]grg jly g pcghtyrfw sly 75 fr l


23/55


Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Grrfr ifuiiurgm wbdcg ogtibdhn1+g.

ngtJgsslng());

}

rgturh cd;

}lBgrg tbg _gitfr f`agit cdst wdcc bfcm tbg mltl.

l]g dhdtdlc sdzg fo tbg vgitfr wls 9 lhm dt wdcc dhirglsgm `y fhg.Yf wg blm pcghty fo pclibfcm tbg rfws.

# ]bg mltl`lsg pfrtdfh fo tbg jgtbfm ds lcrglmy mdsiussgm ,pcglsg rgogr tbg prgvdf

pfsts.

Hfw tdjg tf ilcc tbg jgtbfms. D dhvfkg tbgj dh AOrljg Ofrjs ifhstruitfr,logr tbg dhdtIfifjpfhght().

Rpghsgs x:hgw Rpghsgs();

_gitfr s:hgw _gitfr();

s: x.NgtDtgjs();

Tfu ilh lcsf lmm tbg vgitfr f`agit tf mdrgitcy tf Ifj`f-

@fx.]bg mgoluctIfj`f@fxJfmmgc jgtbfm suppfrt tbg _gitfr

lrnujght.

IltgnfryIfj.sgtJfmgc(hgw MgoluctIfj`f@fxJfm

gc(s));

_gitfrs ilht `g mdrgitcy tf futput tf ifhsfcg.Tfu blvg t

usg Dtgrltfr fr ghujgrltdfh iclss tf gxtrlit tbg vlcugs.

Dtgrltfr d:s.dtgrltfr();

wbdcg (d.blsHgxt()){ Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(d.hgxt());

}

Puh yfur prfagit & wltib tbg rgsuctst


24/55

Bfwt

f



Mgvgcfp lppcdiltdfhs usdhn Hgt`glhs pgrsdstghig

Hgt`glhs Alvl DMG spggm up tbg lppcdiltdfh mgvgcfpjght.Lcfhn wdtb sfjg pfwgr up pcundhs

DMG jlkg mgvgcfpjght prfigss rlpdm lhm gstgitdvg.^g lrg tlckdhn l`fut Hgt`glhs Ugrsdstghglturg.Ugrsdstghig jfmucg jlkg mltl`lsg lppcdiltdfh mgvgcfpjght sf sdjpcg lhm glsy.

Wsdhn tbg pgrsdstghig wdzlrm yfu ilh dhstlhtcy irgltgs pgsdstghig iclss ofr tl`cg.Wsdhn GhtdtyJlhlngrOlitfry lhm GhtdJlhlngr fàgit wg ilh fpgrltg tbg mltl`lsg wdtb sdjpcdidty.

Cgt jg sbfw bfw yfu ilh ùdcm lh sljpcg pgrsdstghig fpgrltdfh.

Ytlrt l Alvl lppcdiltdfh prfagit Cglvg tbg jldh iclss lcfhg.(Urfagit Hljg1Ugrsdstghig)

Lmm l Ywdhn NWD Ofrj-AOrljg Ofrj

Mrln l Ywdhn A@uttfh

Cgts irgltg tbg sljpcg Ugrsdstghig iclss(^g usg tbg mgluct sljpcg mltl`lsg lhm Mdsifuifmg tl`cg)

Nf tf Odcg-Hgw-Ygcgit Ugrsdstghig-Ghtdty Iclss Orfj Mltl`lsg.

Ygcgit tbg mltl`lsg ifhhgitdfh lhm lmm tbg tl`cgs , icdik Hgxt

Lmm l hgw pliklng (pgrsdstghig wdcc hft wfrk fh mgoluct pliklng)lhm bdt hdsb ùttfh

Hfw yfu blvg tbg Ghtdty iclss fr tbg tl`cg yfu ibfsgh.

# Tfu lcsf sbfucm hftg tbg pgrsdstghig lhm hm tbg pgrsdstghig uhdt hljg prfpg

Tfu ilh vdgw tbds `y fpghdhn tbg RJC cg fr aust `y Hlvdnltfr(Itrc+>). Dt wdcc cffk cd

UgrsdstghigUW

Hfw yfu lrg rglmy tf ifmg tbg litdfh.Mrfp tbg fccfwdhn ifmg dh icdik gvght f tbg ùt

fh AOrljg Ofrj. GhtdtyJlhlngrOlitfry go : Ugrsdstghig.irgltgGhtdtyJlh-

lngrOlitfry(UgrsdstlhigUW);

GhtdtyJlhlngr gj:go.irgltgGhtdtyJlhlngr();l]ds wdcc irgltg tbg GhtdtyJlhlngr olitfry lhm GhtdtyJlhlngr fàgits.Cgts gndh tbg rlitdfh.


25/55


]g rlhslitdfh `gndh wdtb ilccdhn f `gndh().

gj.ngt]rlhslitdfh().`gndh();

MdsifuhtIfmg m:hgw MdsifuhtIfmg();

m.sgtMdsifuhtIfmg(M);

m.sgtPltg(@dnMgidjlc.QGPF.vlcugFo(


26/55

Bfwt

f



Bfw tf usg LrrlyCdst dh Alvl tf stfrg fàgits6

LrrlyCdst iclss gxtghms tbg L`strlitCdst dhtgrlig, wbdib djpcgjghts Cdst Dhtgrlig (gxtghms i

cgitdfh). Cdst ds l ifccgitdfh Orljg wfrk. Ifccgitdfh lrg lrg nrglt bgcp wbdcg yfu lrg wfrkwdtb l nrfup f fàgits. Dh lmmdtdfh tf tbg Ifccgitdfh iclss jgj`grs, Cdst lcsf blm jlhy usgjgj`grs.Dh nghgrlc Lrrlys dh Alvl cdgs uhmgr tbg iltgnfry f stltdi Lrrly, dh wbdib tbg sdzg f tbg Lrsbfucm `g ndvgh lt `gfrg usg dt. Lt ruhtdjg usgr ilht iblhng tbg sdzg lt ruhtdjg. LrrlyCdst `g usgm tf mghg vlrdl`cg cghntb lrrlys wbdib ilh lutfjltdilccy rgsdzg lt ruhtdjg.

Lmmdhn Fàgit dhtf lh LrrlyCdst.

LrrlyCdst l:hgw LrrlyCdst();

l.lmm(I Urfnrljjdhn); l.lmm(Alvl Urfnrljjdhn);

l.lmm(I++ Urfnrljjdhn);

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ydzg1+l.sdzg());

l.lmm(Uytbfh Urfnrljjdhn);

l.lmm(5,Pu``y);

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ydzg1+l.sdzg());

Ogtibdhn gcgjghts dht d;

d:5;

wbdcg(d3l.sdzg()){

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Sh+l.ngt(d).tfYtrdhn());

d++;

}

}

}

]g sdzg f tbg LrrlyCdst wdcc dhirglsg lutfjltdilccy ls hgw Fàgits wgrg dhsgrtgm tf tbg CYdzg() wdcc ngt yfu tbg sdzg f tbg lrrly. ]g Fàgits ilh `g gtibgm usdhn ngt() jgtbfm. l.m(5,Pu``y); stltgjght wdcc dhsgrt tbg fàgit ls tbg rst gcgjght dhtf tbg LrrlyCdst.Lhftbgr gxljpcg wdcc jlkg tbg fpgrltdfh fh Dhtgngr Fàgit dh lh LrrlyCdst vdvdm.


27/55


LrrlyCdst l


28/55

Bfwt

f



Bfw tf f`tldh vlcug orfj lh LrrlyCdst dhtf lh Lrrl

dh Alvl6

]g LrrlyCdst ds cdkg l vlrdl`cg lrrly, dt cgt Alvl prfnrljjgrs tf dhsgrt fàgit lhy typg. ^b

blhmcdhn l nrfup f fàgits, Cdsts wfucm `g usguc.

^g lcrglmy slw tbg `lsdi fpgrltdfh fh cdsts fh clst pfst. ]ds pfst wdcc cgt yfu cglrh bfw tf gtrlit fàgit dhtf lh Lrrly.]ds ilh `g liifjpcdsbgm usdhn lh Fàgit lrrly lhm tfLrrly() jgtbfm f tbg LrrlyCdst.

Fàgit f`[Z:l


29/55

Bfwt

f



Ouhitdfhs rgturhdhn LrrlyCdst dh AL_L

LrrlyCdst ds fhg f tbg dhtgrgstdhn ifccgitdfhs gxtghsdfhs wbdib wdcc bgcp prfnrljjgrs tf rgtu

juctdpcg fàgits. Dh nghgrlc lcc uhitdfh s ilh rgturh l sdhncg vlcug dh Alvl. @y usdhn tbg Cdst icgitdfh fàgit LrrlyCdst wg rgturh juctdpcg fàgits.

Dh tbds gxljpcg wg blvg lh lrrly lhm l uhitdfh wbdib ds mgiclrgm ls stltdi dh lhftbgr iclss. ]uhitdfh wdcc ctgr lcc tbg fmm huj`grs dhtf LrrlyCdst lhm rgturh. Dh gstgit fur Alvl uhitdwfucm rgturh ls jlhy fàgits wg wlht.

]g Ouhitdfh `fmy

stltdi LrrlyCdst NgtFmm(dht x[Z){

LrrlyCdst fut:hgw LrrlyCdst();

dht d:5;

wbdcg(d3x.cghntb){

do(x[dZ%0!:5){

fut.lmm(x[dZ);

}d++;

}

rgturh fut; }Ilccdhn tbg ouhitdfh

dht x[Z:{0,=,7,?,>,


30/55

Bfwt

f



]rggYgts ofr olst liigssdhn lhm rgtrdgvlc fo f`agits

dh Alvl.

rggYgts lrg l ifccgitdfh rljgwfrk, dmglc fr stfrdhn rgtrdgvdhn f`agits. Dt wfrks lstgr if

plrgm tf ftbgr ifccgitdfh rljgwfrks. rggYgts djpcgjghts Ygt dhtgrlig; tbgy ilh stfrg uhdqvlcugs, dh l sfrtgm frmgr. ^bgh prfnrljjgr hggm clrng ljfuht f sfrtgm mltl tf `g stfrgm ljldhtldh, tbg rggYgt ds rgifjjghmgm.Ofccfwdhn ifmg wdcc dccustrltg usg fo rgg cdst

]rggYgt ts:hgw ]rggYgt();

ts.lmm(


31/55

Bfwt

f



Ngttdhn tbg iurrght mltg lhm tdjg

]g Mltg iclss ds lh fcm iclss wbdib dhicumgm dh tbg fcm vgrsdfhs Alvl. ]g Mltg wdcc hft bgcp y

tf liigss dhmdvdmulc jgj`grs f tbg Mltg. ]g mltg ilh fhcy rgturh mgluct strdhn fr dh jdsgifhms. Ofr liigssdhn tbg jfst f tbg ifjpfhghts f mltg yfu blvg tf usg tbg hgw IlcghF`agit.

pliklng mltg.gxljpcg;


/**

*

* Elutbfr ]gibdgtlck.dh

*/pu`cdi iclss MltgGxljpcg {

/**

* Eplrlj lrns tbg ifjjlhm cdhg lrnujghts

*/

pu`cdi stltdi vfdm jldh(Ytrdhn[Z lrns) {

Mltg mt:hgw Mltg();

//Wsdhn mgoluct tfYtrdhn()

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Iurrght Mltg ds1+mt); //Mltg lhm ]djg dh Jdccdsgifhms

cfhn m:mt.ngt]djg();

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Iurrght Mltg[Jdccdsgi-

fhmsZ1+m);

}

}]g Mltg iclss bls fccfwdhn jgtbfms fr ifjplrdsfh

Logr, `gfrg, gqulcs, ifjplrg]fwbdib usgs Ifjplrl`cg dhtgrlig (Mltg iclss).]grg lrg mdstgrght ifhstruitfrs yfu ilh ifhstruit mltg vlcug.

pliklng mltg.ifjplrdsfh;


/**


32/55


*


*/

pu`cdi iclss MltgIfjplrdsfh {

/**


*/


Mltg m


33/55


Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(VVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVVV

VVVVVVVVVVVVVVSh );

do(m7.ifjplrg]f(m=)::5){

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ifjplrg]f[5Z11@ftb mltgs lrg

gqulc[+m7+- tblh -+m=+Z );

}

gcsg do(m7.ifjplrg]f(m=)85){

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ifjplrg]f[85Z1]bds ds lh hgwg

mltg[+m7+- tblh -+m=+Z );

}

gcsg do (m7.ifjplrg]f(m=)35){

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ifjplrg]f[35Z11]bds ds lh glr

cdgr mltg[+m7+- tblh -+m=+Z );

} }

}

]g Ifjplrgf jgtbfm rgturhs 9 vlcugs ls fccfws.Ifjplrgf Ouhitdfh lhm rgturhdhn vlcugs.

D tbg ilccdhn fàgit ds gqulc wdtb lrn tbg uhitdfh wdcc rgturh 5

D tbg ilccdhn fàgit ds lh glrcdgr tblh tbg ndvgh fhg lhm tbg uhitdfh wdcc rgturh 85

D tbg ilccdhn fàgit ds l hgwgr tblh tbg ndvgh fhg lhm tbg uhitdfh wdcc rgturh 35

D `gcdgvg tblt tbg twf prfnrlj dccustrltdfh wdcc iclrdy tbg usg f Mltg iclss lhm jgtbfms.


34/55

Bfwt

f



Liigssdhn mltg ifjpfhghts wdtb Ilcghmlr Fàgit

^g lcrglmy slw tblt bfw l Mltg fàgit wfrks lhm bfw tbg ifjplrdsfh f twf mltgs ds pfssd`

]g Ilcghmlr iclss suppfrt jfrg ifjpfhghts lhm fpgrltdfhs fh mltg lhm tdjg. Dt ds lh l`striclss wbdib jlmg ifhvgrsdfh f tdjg tf usguc ifjpfhghts. Ilcghmlr prfvdmgs mdstgrght typgprftgitgm vlrdl`cgs suib ls MLTYVFOV^GGK, MLTYVFOVTGLP, lhm JFHB gti.Ilcghmlr iclss mdmht prfvdmg lhy pu`cdi ifhstruitfr tf ifhstruit hgw mltg vlcug. g blvg tf Fvgrcflmgm Ygt jgtbfm fr ifhstruitdhn hgw mltg. f liigss tbg iurrght mltg yfu sdjpcy ilcc ngtDhstlhig jgtbfm.

Ofccfwdhn prfnrlj wdcc dccustrltgs bfw tf usg l Ilcghmlr Fàgit.

pliklng ilcghmlrfàgit;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.Ilcghmlr;djpfrt alvl.utdc.Cfilcg;

/**

*


*/

pu`cdi iclss IlcghmlrFàgit {

/**


*/


Ytrdhn jHljg[Z:{Alh,Og`,Jlr,Lpr,Jly,Auh,

Auc,Lun,Ygp,Fit,Hfv,Mgi};

Ytrdhn Mlys[Z:{Yuh,Jfh,]ug,^gm,]bu,Ord,

Ylt}; Ilcghmlr Ilc:Ilcghmlr.ngtDhstlhig();

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ilc.ngt(Ilcghmlr.TGLP)+ +jHljg

Ilc.ngt(Ilcghmlr.JFH]B)Z+ +Ilc.ngt(Ilcghmlr.ML]G)+

+Mlys[Ilc.ngt(Ilcghmlr.MLTVFOV^GGK)-


35/55


Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Ilc.ngt(Ilcghmlr.BFWP)+ 1+Ilc.ngt

Ilcghmlr.JDHW]G)+1+Ilc.ngt(Ilcghmlr.YGIFHM));

Ilcghmlr IMltg :Ilcghmlr.ngtDhstlhig();

IMltg.lmm(Ilcghmlr.TGLP,


36/55

Bfwt

f



Nrgnfrdlh ilcghmlr lhm cglp yglr dh Alvl

Alvl blm rdib sgt f iclssgs tf pgrfrj lmvlhigm mltg lhm tdjg fpgrltdfhs. Nrgnfrdlhilcghmg

fhg f tbg iclssgs yfu ilh usg wbgrg mltg lhm tdjg fpgrltdfh rgqudrgm. ]g iclss dhbgrdtgm glturgs f Ilcghmlr f`agit. Whcdkg Ilcghmlr iclss dt bls jlhy ifhstruitfrs tf ucc cc tbg hgf tbg prfnrljjgrs.

NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr (dht yglr, dht jfhtb, dht mlyFJfhtb)NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr (dht yglr, dht jfhtb, dht mlyFJfhtb, dht bfurs, dht jdhutgs)NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr (dht yglr, dht jfhtb, dht mlyFJfhtb, dht bfurs, dht jdhutgs, dht sgifhm

NrgnfrdlhIlcghmgr mf lcc tbg Mltg lhm tdjg fpgrltdfhs, dt lc

prfvdmg sfjg gxtrl ouhitdfh suib ls dsCglpyglr.]g Iclss ilh lcsf usg cfilcgs lhm djg zfhgs ls tbg lrnujghts fr tbg Nrgnfrdlhilcghmgr f

agit.

NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr(Cfilcg cfilcg)

NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr(djgQfhg tdjgQfhg)

NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr(djgQfhg tdjgQfhg, Cfilcg cfilcg)

]g ofccfwdhn gxljpcg wdcc iclrdoy tbg usg fo NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr iclss lhm f`agits.

/*

* ]f iblhng tbds tgjpcltg, ibffsg ]ffcs | ]gjpcltgs

* lhm fpgh tbg tgjpcltg dh tbg gmdtfr.

*/

pliklng ngfrndlhilcghmlr;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.Ilcghmlr;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.Cfilcg;

/**

*


37/55


*/

pu`cdi iclss NgfrndlhIlcghmlr {

/**


*/


Ytrdhn jfhtbs[Z : {

Alh, Og`, Jlr, Lpr,

Jly, Auh, Auc, Lun,

Ygp, Fit, Hfv, Mgi};

NrgnfrdlhIlcghmlr nilc:hgw alvl.utdc.NrgnfrdlhIlcgh-

mlr(05


38/55


# Cfilcg ds lhftbgr iclss suppcdgm wdtb Alvl YMK, wbdib stfrgs cfilcgs dhofrjltdfh

suib ls clhnulng lhm ifuhtry tf Ilcghmlr fàgits. ]bg iclss pfssgssgs tbrgg ifh

struitfrs.

# ]bgrg ds lcsf tbg ]djg Qfhg iclss wbdib ilh bfcm tdjg zfhg dhofrjltdfh. ]bg twf

iclssgs lrg usgouc wbgh blhmcdhn Ilcghmlr lhm NrgnfrdlhIlcghmgr fàgits.# ]bg Cfilcg iclss suppfrt jlhy usgouc jgtbfms, suib ls ngtIfuhtry, ngtMdspclyCl

nulng, wbdib gxtrlit Ifuhtry lhm Clhnulng orfj tbg Cfilcg fàgits.


39/55

Bfwt

f



Plhmfj huj`grs lhm Plhmfj iclss dh Alvl

Plhmfj ds tbg psgumfrlhmfj huj`gr nghgrltdhn iclss wbdib ilh prfmuig rlhmfj huj`g

]g iclss ilh nghgrltg ffflt, dht, @ffcglh, `ytg rlhmfj huj`grs.]g hgxt@ffcglh(), hgxt@ytgs(), hgxtCfhn(), hgxtMfu`cg(), hgxtOcflt(), hgxtNulssdlh() lrg mdstgrght uhitdfhs usgm tf nghgrltg rlhmfj huj`grs. Ofccfwdhn gxljpcg wdcc iclrdy tbg ifigpt f Plhmfj iclss.

pliklng rlhmfj.gxljpcg;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.Plhmfj;

/**

*

* Elutbfr HGD]

*/

pu`cdi iclss PlhmfjGxljpcg {

/**


*/

pu`cdi stltdi vfdm jldh(Ytrdhn[Z lrns) { Plhmfj r:hgw Plhmfj();

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(r.hgxtDht(


40/55

Bfwt

f



Bfw tf usg F`grvl`cg lhm F`sgrvg Fàgits

F`sgrvl`cg iclss ds lh l`strlit iclss wbdib ds usgm tf irgl

fàgit tblt ilh f`sgrvg `y lhftbgr iclss.

Dh rglc wfrcm suib lppcdiltdfh gxdsts. Yuppfsg dh ilsg f Ybfppdhn ilrt cdst, wbgh hgw dtgjs lmgm tf tbg cdst, dt sbfucm `g hftdgm tf puriblsg fàgit.

F`sgrvl`cg iclss ilh hftdy wbgh iblhngs uhmgrnfgs wdtb tbg bgcp f sgtIblhngm () lhftdyF`sgrvgr () jgtbfm.

^bgh hftdyF`sgrvgrs ilccgm tbg iblhngs wgrg dhfrjgm tbrfunb upmltg () jgtbfm. F`sgrvl`cg iclss sbfucm suìclssgm rfj alvl.utdcs.

F`sgrvl`cg lhm tbg F`sgrvgr iclss djpcgjghts tbg F`sgrvgr dhtgrlig.

]bgrg wgrg fhcy twf nfcmgh rucgs ofr f`sgrvl`cg fàgit, rfhg1 wbdcg lhy iblhngs uhmgrnfgs tf tbg f`sgrvl`cg, hggm tf dhvfsgtIblhngm. Ygifhmcy sgtIblhngm sbfucm `g ilccgm `gofrg hftdoyF`sgrvg

jgtbfm dhvfkg, wbgh dt ds rglmy tf dhofrj tbg f`sgrvgrs. ^dtbftbg YgtIblhngm tbgrg wdcc `g hf litdfh tlkg pclig.

Wsdhn tbg lmm F`sgrvgr yfu ilh lmm f`sgrvgrs ofr tbg iclss.

Ofccfwdhn Yifrg`flrm gxljpcg wdcc gxpcldh bfw tbg F`sgrvl`cg iclss lhm F`sgrvgr dhtgrlwfrks.^g blm tbrgg iclssgs hljgcy

Uclygr

Yifrgilrm

Yifrg`flrm.

Uclygr Iclss

pliklng sifrg`flrm;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.F`sgrvl`cg;

/**

*


41/55


42/55


Yifrgilrm

pliklng sifrg`flrm;


djpfrt alvl.utdc.F`sgrvgr;

/**

*

* Elutbfr]gibdgtlck.dh

*/

pu`cdi iclss YifrgIlrm djpcgjghts F`sgrvgr{

EFvgrrdmg

pu`cdi vfdm upmltg(F`sgrvl`cg f, F`agit f


43/55


/**

*

* Elutbfr]gibdgtlck.dh

*/

pu`cdi iclss Yifrg@flrm {

/**


*/

pu`cdi stltdi vfdm jldh(Ytrdhn[Z lrns) tbrfws Dhtgr-

ruptgmGxigptdfh {

Uclygrs p:hgw Uclygrs();

YifrgIlrm si:hgw YifrgIlrm();

p.lmmF`sgrvgr(si);

Yystgj.fut.prdht(-----------------------Sh

YIFPG @FLPMSh-----------------------Sh);

p.hgwNflcs(Jgssdg,JW,


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Bfwt

f



Bfw tf Yibgmucg l tlsk dh Alvl

Yibgmucdhn tlsk ds lh lppcdiltdfh fo tbrglmdhn dh Alvl. ]dj

lhm ]djgr]lsk iclssgs prfvdmg ouhitdfhlcdty ofr sibgmucdhn tbg gxiutdfh fo l pdgig fo ifmg ofr outurg.

djgrlsk iclss djpcgjghts tbg ruhhl`cg dhtgrlig, sf dt ilh usg tbg tbrglm gxgiutdfh usdhn djgr iclss dhstlhig. D yfu lrg ljdcdlr wdtb ruh (]rglms lhm juctd-tbrglmgm prfnrljjAlvl) jgtbfm, wdcc uhmgrstlhm tbg wfrkdhn f l tbrglm. Dt ds l jgj`gr mghgm `y ruhhl`cg.

]g fvgrrdmmgh ruh jgtbfm bfcm gxgiutdfh plrt f yfur tlsk; yfu ilh mrfp tbfsg fpgrltdfifjg uhmgr tbg tlsk yfu wlht tf sibgmucg.

pliklng tlsksbgmucgr;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.]djgr]lsk;

/**

*


*/pu`cdi iclss ]lsks gxtghms ]djgr]lsk{

EFvgrrdmg

pu`cdi vfdm ruh() {

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(]bg Jggtdhn wls Fvgr);

}

}

Hfw Yibgmucg tbg tlsk, ilh libdgvg usdhn tbg ]djgr f`agit

wbdib wfrk gxlitcy ls l ]brgm.


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pu`cdi iclss ]lskYbgmucgr {

pliklng tlsksbgmucgr;

djpfrt alvl.utdc.]djgr;

/**

*


*/

pu`cdi iclss ]lskYbgmucgr {

/**


*/


]lsks tsk:hgw ]lsks();

]djgr tj:hgw ]djgr();

tj.sibgmucg(tsk,755); //blco sgifhm

}

}

Tfu ilh sibgmucg ls jlhy tlsks, aust `y su` iclssdhn tbg djgrIclss.

Hftg1

]g tlsk wdcc sibgmucgm tf ruh dh gvgry blco sgifhm wdtb dhdtdlc mgcly fo fhg sgifhm.

< sgifhm:


46/55

Bfwt

f



Bfw tf @dhm l Ywdhn ]l`cg ifjpghght wdtb M@ ifh

hgitdfh Hgt`glhs

Alvl Hgt`glhs `gifjgs lh glsy tffc fr mltl`lsg pfwgrgm prfnrlj mgvgcfpjght. Tfu ilh irg

lhm jlhlng mltl`lsg ifhhgitdfhs dhstlhtcy wdtb Ygrvdig wdhmfw usdhn tbg ifhhgitdfh wdzl

# @y mgoluct Alvl Hgt`glhs ifjg wdtb AM@ , tbg mgr`y mltl`lsg.

# Ftbgr mltl`lsg ifhhgitdfh rgqudrg tbg mrdvgr sf mltl`lsgs cdkg JY Liigss wdcc hf

wfrk wdtbfut prfpgr mrdvgr (alr cg).

]g AlvlM@ tutfrdlcs wdcc bgcp yfu tf tuhg yfur dh`udct Alvl Mltl`lsg.

]g dhm glturg lccfw yfu tf mdspcly rfws rfj yfur tl`cgs wdtbfut ifmdhn. Cgts nurg dt

Lmm l Alvl Lppcdiltdfh Urfagit ( cglvg tbg jldh iclss `clhk) Hgw Odcg Ywdhn NWD Ofrj AOrljg Ofrj.

Hfw mrln l Ywdhn l`cg ifhtrfc rfj Ywdhn Ulccgt

Liigss tbg sgrvdig ^dhmfw gxplhm tbg Mltl`lsg Hfmg

Ytlrt tbg Alvl M@ sgrvdig `y icdikdhn Ytlrt ifjjlhm (rdnbt icdik)

Hfw rdnbt icdik tbg Ywdhn tl`cg @dhm Gcgjghts, hfw yfu wdcc ngt tbg `dhm mdlcf

Wsdhn tbg Icdik djpfrt mltl tf frj yfu ilh glsdcy djpfrt rfws rfj l ifhhgitdfh.

Icdik tbg djpfrt mltl tf frj lhm sgcgit l ifhhgitdfh lhm l tl`cg Ibffsg tbg ifcujhs yfu wlht tf lmm tf tbg tl`cg lhm bdt FK

Hfw ruh tbg prfagit

l]g tl`cg ifjpfhght wdcc bfcm lcc tbg rfws orfj tbg ifhhgitdfh.

lTfu ilh sgg tbg ifhhgitdfh hlvdnltfr aust `gcfw tbg sgrvdig wdhmfw wbdib ds bgcp oucjlhlndhn \ugry lhm cdst.


47/55

Bfwt

f



@dhmdhn sgcgitgm ifcujhs fo l tl`cg dhtf Ywdhn tl-

`cg dh H@

@dhmdhn dh Alvl Hgt`glhs rggrs tf gxtrlitdhn tbg mltl rfj ftbgr ifjpfhghts wdtbfut pldh

ifmdhn, d.g. hf ifmg ds rgqudrgm. Hgt`glhs wdcc ifmg fr yfu. Dh fur clst Mltl @dhmdhn tutfwg mgjfhstrltg bfw yfu ilh `dhm l Mltl`lsg tl`cg usdhn tbg sgrvdig wdhmfw lhm tbg `dhmglturg. Tfu ilh lcsf `dhm tbg sgcgitgm ifcujhs tf l`cg ifhtrfc tff.

Cgts mf dt

Lmm l Hgw Alvl Lppcdiltdfh Urfagit(Cglvg tbg jldh iclss fptdfh uhibgikgm)

Lmm l hgw Ywdhn Orljg Ofrj lhm mrln l tl`cg ifhtrfc

Jlkg surg tblt tbg Alvl M@ fr lhy mltl`lsg sgrvdig ds ruhhdhn.

Pdnbt icdik tbg tl`cg lhm ibffsg tbg l`cg Ifhtghts. Wsg `fuhm fptdfh tf djpfrt rfws rfj tl`cg.

Ygcgit tbg Ifcujh tl`

Dhsgrt fr lmmdhn l hgw ifcuj

Ygcgit tbg hgw ifcujh

sgt tbg ifcujh rfj Gxprgssdfh lhm dtcgls Ifcujh bglm.

Tfu ilh lcsf ibffsg tbg wdmtb, bgdnbtlhm typg f tbg vlcug fr tbg ifcujh yfu dhsgr

Icfsg tbg wdhmfw lhm Puh tbg Lpp


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49/55

HG]@GLHY AL_L ]W]FPDLCYdjpfrt alvl.utdc.F`sgrvl`cg;

pu`cdi iclss F@YC gxtghms F`sgrvl`cg{

dht x;

ocflt o;

Ytrdhn s;

pu`cdi F@YC() {

}

pu`cdi F@YC(dht x) {

tbds.x : x;

sgtIblhngm();

hftdoyF`sgrvgrs(tbds);

}

pu`cdi vfdm Ygt(dht x){

tbds.x:x;

sgtIblhngm();

hftdoyF`sgrvgrs(hgw Dhtgngr(x));

}

pu`cdi vfdm Ygt(ocflt x){

tbds.o:x;

sgtIblhngm();

hftdoyF`sgrvgrs(hgw Ocflt(x));

}

pu`cdi vfdm Ygt(Ytrdhn x){

tbds.s:x;

sgtIblhngm();

hftdoyF`sgrvgrs(hgw Ytrdhn(x));

}

}

Hf cgts F`sgrvg tbg iblhng tbgy jlmg, lmm l jldh iclss.


djpfrt alvl.utdc.F`sgrvgr;

djpfrt f`


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HG]@GLHY AL_L ]W]FPDLCYpu`cdi iclss F`< djpcgjghts F`sgrvgr{


F@YC f`:hgw F@YC();

Hfs h:hgw Hfs();

F`< f:hgw F`


51/55

HG]@GLHY AL_L ]W]FPDLCYCgts f`sgrvg tbg rgsuct

]g upmltg jgtbfm f tbg f`sgrvgr iclss rgturhs sfjg grrfr. Yf wg blvg tf kggp trlik f iblgs jlmg liifrmdhn tf tbg iblhndhn f`agit ls wgcc ls f`sgrvdhn f`agits. Cgts jfmdy tbg Wpmjgtbfm ls fccfws

do([email protected](f)){

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(Dhstlhig fo Iclss +f.ngt-

Iclss().ngtHljg()+Sh);

do(Dhtgngr.iclss.dsDhstlhig(f


52/55

HG]@GLHY AL_L ]W]FPDLCY do(Hfs.iclss.dsDhstlhig(f)){

Yystgj.fut.prdhtch(ShDhstlhig fo Iclss +f.ngt-

Iclss().ngtHljg()+Sh);

do(Dhtgngr.iclss.dsDhstlhig(f


53/55

Bfwt

f



Odcgs lhm OdcgHljgOdctgr Dhtgrolig

g lcrglmmy sggh bfw Odcg Fàgit wfrk wdtb mdrgitfrdgs lhm Odcgs. Yfjgtdjgs wg hggm tf c

fut tbfsg cgs wbdib cdgs uhmgr plrtdiuclr frjlts. Dt ilh g gw.pmocgs fr .alvlcgs fr .txtAlvl dtsgc bls tbg ilpl`dcdty tf blhmcg tbgsg typg f fpgrltdfhs wdtb tbg bgcp f OdcgHljgOdDhtgrolig.

]bg dhtgrolig mghgs l sdhncg jgtbfm liigpt , wbdib ds ilccfhig ofr l cg dh l cdst lhm rgturhs trug ofr cg dh tbg mdrgitfry spgdgm `y tbg mdrgitfry tblt sbfucm dhicumgm dh tbg cdst.

Hfw cgts stlrt wdtb Hgt`glhs Urfagit, fr lh Gicdpsg prfagit.

Ytlrt Hgw Urfagit wdtb jldh iclss.

Lmm lhm lh lmmdtdfhlcAlvl iclsstf tbg prfagit wbdib djpcgjghts tbg OdcgHljgOdctgrdhtgrlig lhm mrfp tbg ifmg.

pu`cdi iclss OdcgodctgrGx djpcgjghts OdcghljgOdctgr{

Ytrdhn gxt;

pu`cdi OdcgodctgrGx(Ytrdhn gxt){

tbds.gxt:. + gxt;

}

EFvgrrdmg

pu`cdi `ffcglh liigpt(Odcg odcg, Ytrdhn strdhn) {

rgturh strdhn.ghms^dtb(gxt);

}]g fvgrrdmgh jgtbfm liigpt wdcc ibgik fut tbg gxtghtdfh fr cgs. ]g Fàgit f tbg ODgctgrilh `g usgm ls lh lrnujght wdtb cdst jgtbfm f Odcg fàgit, wbdib gxtrltit cgs tf lh lrrly

strdhns. Tfu ilh plss tbg tbg ctgr iclss fàgit wdtb cdst wbdib wdcc gtib tbg cgs.

Hfw mf tbg jldh() plrt

Ytrdhn Mdr:M1/Cyifhs;

Odcg o


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OdcgodctgrGx odc:hgw OdcgodctgrGx(gxg);

Ytrdhn s[Z:o.pmo

055=52.pmo

055=54.pmo

Lmvlhigm Alvlsirdpt.pmo

Ghiyicfpgmdl @rdtlhhdil 0554 - @ffk fo tbg Tglr.pmo

dhtrfmuitdfh0v`


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Jfrg tutfrdlcs wdcc ifjdhn sffh

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