Japanese Ammunition Leaflets Section A - Introduction & Explanation of Stamping & Stencilling

8/7/2019 Japanese Ammunition Leaflets Section A - Introduction & Explanation of Stamping & Stencilling

1/24

Restricted

THIS LEAFLET MUST NOT

FALL INTO ENEMY HANDS

D. OF A. ( INDIA.) SECTION A.LEAFLET AI.APANESE AMMUNITION LEAFLETS

INTRODUCTION.

AUTHORITY

This series of leaflets is issued by the D. of A. ( India) with the concurrence of theDirector of Ordnance Services, General Headquarters (India), and the Director of Ordnanceervices, AlliedLand Forces, South East Asia Command, for use by Ordnance personnel. The-in-C. at G. H. Q. (I) has also approved their issue for use by those engineer officers to whomhey are -issued.

2. The leaflets are compiled at the Chief Inspectorate of Ammuni tion, Kirkee; underhe orders of the Director of Armaments, General Headquarters (India). Any enquiries regard-

ng the scale of issue, nature and form of information issued etc. should be addressed to :-'

(i) D. O. S. (India), A. D. O. S. (Ammn.), G. H. Q, (I), New Delhi, in thecase of Ordnance units in the India Command,

(ii) D. O. S., A. D. O. S. (Ammn.), Advance Headquarters, A. L. F., S. E. A ..in the case of Ordnance Units in S. E. A. C.,

(iii) Engineer-in-Chief, G. H. Q. (I), New Delhi, in the case of Engineer un its,

and a copy of the let.ter forwarded to the Chief Inspector of Ammunition. Kirkee, fornformat.ion only.

NTENTION

3. (n) To provide a medium through which information on Japanese amrnuni t.ionwill be issued, in the quickest t.ime possible, to those ,whosp. duty it is t.ohandle, transport ami dispose of oap tured ammnni tion.

(b) To standardize the nomenclature used in describi ng any t.ype of J a.po.nesoarnmuni tion or connected components throughout. India and t.he Sou t.hEast, Asia Command. Rapid ident.ificat.ion and efficient. disposal iR deperulen r

entirely on proper standardization of nomencle.t ures etc.

FORM OF ISSUE

4. Initial issues of information will be more in the form of pamphlet." then leaflets.owing to the large amount of information, now available, which has to be collated and pubfishe.lin a form suitable for quick reference and instructional purposes Subsequently however


2/24

(2 )

is avoided and the leaflet can be inserted without difficulty in the appropriate section of thebinder. Attention is drawn to the" Instructions for Maintenance of Leaflets" on the frontpage of the Binder. It will be obvious that these instructions must be complied withmmediately on receipt of each leaflet. If this work gets in arrears and leaflets become mixedup the advantages of their issue by Sections for quick reference will be largely negatived.

The brass bolts fitted in the binders may in time be not long-enough to accommodatethe increased numbers of leaflets in the binder. If this occurs they should be replaced bylaces. With laces it is advisable to secure leaflets in position in at least three places. Athird hole, fitted with a black eyelet. has accordingly been provided for this purpose in eachbinder.

SHORT TITLE

5. The abbreviations, J.A.L. A.I, B.2, etc. will be used in all correspondence-referring to the leaflets.

CHANNEL FOR EVACUATION OF ENEMY AMMUNITION

6. The following brief instruct.ions regarding evacuation of enemy ammunition whichhave been issued by D.O.S., ALFSEA, are reproducer! below :-

" REFERENCE :-Main H. Q., 11 Army Group, No. 30271/SD.2-dated 22-8-44Rear H.Q .. 11 Army Group. No. o;i091/560/0S-6B daten 29-9-44.

PROCEDURE "A"

1. D.D.O.S., Corps to arrange immediate inspect/ion by 1.0.0., reporting thecapture of dumps by signal to D.O.S., ALF.3EA.

2. 1.0.0. will classify a~ :-

(a) to be dest.royed in sit-no

(b) for further investigation, in which case, wire off and erect warningnotices.

(c) safe to move.

1.0.0. will inform Corps H.Q. of results of examination. D.D.O.S., Corps willarrange to send ammunition safe to move to the nearest Ammunition Depot.1.0.0. will certify that it is safe to travel that distance.

DEPOT 1. O. O.

(a) will inspect and label all ammunition 100% (except S.A.A, belowl3-mm. and ammunition in soldered linings ).

(b) despatch ammunition certified fit for transport to dependent A ..4...D./B.A.D. together with certificates.

PROCEDURE "B"

Ammunition required for technical research and selected by G.S.I. (t) OTW.T.S_F.F. representative.


3/24


4/24

L.410

ENEMY AMMUNSerial

1. 0 o.9STOWAGE

L. 491

ENEM Y AMMUN IT ISerial , Nature

L 0. 0,

,


5/24

THIS LEAFLET MUST NOTFALL INTO ENEMY HANDS

D. OF A. (INDIA) SECTION A

JAPANESE AMMUNITiON LEAFLETS LEAFLET A 2

.4N EXPLANATION OF STAMPING AND STENCILLING,INr'r..UDING

INSPECTION MARl~S ANOM.4.NUFJ.\CTURERS' MONOGRAMS ETC.,USED ON JAPANESE .Al'vlMUNITION AND PACKAGES~ .

W1TH

A BRIEF AMMUNITIO.N DICTIONARY OF JAPANESE CHARACTERS.

--- . . . . . . . .---THIS I1EAFLE'r IS NOT INTENDED TO BE AN EXHAUSTIVE DICTIONARY

OP TER IS USED BY THE JAPANESE IN CONNEOTION WITH AMl\1UNITIONAND EXPLOSIVES,.. NEITHER SHOULD IT BE USED AS A GENERAL PURPOSEREFERENOE. ATJL INFOn~IATION AND TRANSLATIONS INCLUDED HAVE BEENOO?lIPILED MAINLY FROl\.[ AN AR?I1AME~TS VIEW POINT. ONLY THAT TRANSLATIONOR INTERPRETATION OF A OHARAOTER IS GIVEN WHIOH IS "APPLIOABLE WHENTHE OHARAO~.rER IS USED IN OONNECTION WITH AlIHIUNITIONjEXPLOSIVES ETC.

ALTHOUGH EVERY OARE HAS BEEN TAKEN TO ENSURE THAT THE INFORlIIA.TION INCLUDED AND THE FOR~I OF CHARACTERS USED IS CORREOT IT IS NOTADVISABLE TO USE THIS 'PUBLICATION AS AN A,UTHORITATIVE REE'ERENOEFOR INTELLIGENCE PURPOSES. IT SHOULD, HOW8VER, BE EXTREl\IELY USEFULAS A GUIDE SO LONG AS ITS LIMITATIONS ARE" APPRECIATED. THE INTENTIONAND SCOPE OF THE LEAFLET ARE EXPLAINE . D CLEARLY IN PARA. 2 OF THETEXT. -

IN THIS SECOND ISSUE OF LEAFLET A2 OPPORTUNITY HAS BEEN TAKEN,BASED ON EXPERIENCE AND ADDITIONAL INFORMATION GAINED DURING THEPAST YEAR, TO AMPLIFY THE DIOTIONARY OF JAPANESE CHARACTERS USED INCONNECTION WITH AMMUNITION, TO CORRECT ERRORS, TO STANDARDIZETRANSLATIONS AND IMPROVE THE 1!"ORM OF CHARAROTERS IN THE FIRST ISSUE.

ALL COPIES OF THE FIRST ISSUE OF LEAFLE'I' A2 WILL THEREFORE BEDESTROYED IMMEDIATELY UN REOEIPT OF THIS SECOND ISSUE.

C. I. Amn.,Kirkee

Second Issue,6th September 1945.

S 4 7 4


6/24

AN EXPLANATION OF STAMPING .~ND STENCILLING,INCLUDING

NSPECTION MARKS AND MANUFACTURERS' MONOGRAMS, ETC.,USED ON JAPANESE AMMUNITION AND PACKAGES

INTENTION AND SCOPEThere is not much detailed Information, even now after nearly four years of war, regarding

npanese methods of marking weapons as a guide to identificnbion, compared with the vast amountf literature on German and Italian markings. This is largely due to the language difficulty. Bombisposal orga.ui znbicns have evolved !1 useful system of their own to enable them -to identify differentypes of Japanese Aircraft bomb fuzes ana gaines. C103e liaison with the U. S. A. and Australiamaintained; both countries using the same system. Briefiy,this is to divide fuzes etc: into groups,ccording to their nat ures, e.g., nose fuzes, Gronp A; tail fuzes, Group B etc. The fuzes inach group are then numbered serially AI, A2 and so on. Small modifications in design, methodsf initiation, etc. are indicated by add itional Iettera in brackets, c, g. A-l(A), A-2(C), B-7(A), etc,

2. In the case of ammunition other than aircraft; bombs, the large number of different typesmakes this impracticable and the enemy ammunition specialist (Ordnance or Engineer) must, toacilitate sound identification, safe handling and transport and the writing of reliable reports, beble to translate the more CO!]J.llOl1 characters used by the Japanese on their ammunition andackages. Unless characters regarding designation etc. can be translated no description etc. ofn item is complete and it is frequently most difficult, if not impossible, to identify the item unlesshe correct designation is quoted. This Leaflet has, therefore, been compiled to assist those, whoave to deal with Jupnuese Ammunition in identifying the nature, type, maker and date ofnanufaoturo of any component or round from the markings on the package or store. By a study ofhe following instructions and then using the brief Ammunition Dictionary at the end of thiseaflet for comparison, a useful translation of most ideographs used as' markings on ammunitionhould be possible.

3. No attempt has been made to go into the complicated methods of how Japanese/Chineseords and numerals are formed or to give even n . brief explanation of grammar, formation of senten-s, etc. Reliance is placed on the user comparing ideographs found on the ammunition with thosethe Dictionary at the end of this Leaflet, Nearly four years of experience at Kirkee has confirmedat this is all that is necessary to identify a round or component of ammunition and provide thecessary information to guide the compilation of a preliminary report.

To facilitate reference, and avoid any misunderstanding in correspondence the Japaneseonunciation, bat: been expressed using the English alphabet similar to the use of Roman Urdu;., Romanizcd Jupanese, usually termed Romaji. If there is any doubt, however, about the trans-ion the character should be copied in preference to the Romaji-see para. G below.

4. In n . short time familiarity with the Dictionary will enable markings to be located aud inter-eted quickly. To assist in this the ideographs have been arranged as Iollows r->

PARTPARTPART

I-NUMERA.LS.II-DATES, TIMES, vVEIGHTS AND MEASURES,III-IDEOGRAPHS FOR MISOELLANEOUS TERMS CONNEOTED WITH

AMMUNITION.IV-IDEOGRAPHS ASSOCIATED WITH SMALL ARMS AMMUNITION.ART

PART V-IDEOGRAPHS ASSOCIATED WITH GUN, DISCHARGER, MORTARAND ROCKET AMMUNITION.

PART VI-IDEOGRAPHS ASSOCIALED WITH GRENADES, MINES, BOOBYTRAPS AND DEMOLITION STORES.PART VII-IDEOGRAPHS ASSOOIATED WITH PYROTEOHNICS, INCLUDING

IDEOGRAPHS FOR OOLOURS.PART VIII-IDEOGRAPHS ASSOCIATED' WITH SMOKE, INOENDIARY, AND

CHEMIOAL WARFARE WEAPONS.


7/24

2

PART IX-IDEOGRAPHS ASSOCIATED 'WITH PROPELLANTS AND EX-PLOSIVES.

PARTPART

X-COMMON IDEOGRAPHS FOR WEAPONS.

XI-MONOGRAMS OF ARSENALS, FIRMS AND DEPOT msrncnoxMARKS.

PART XII-IDEOGRAPHS FOR OFFICIAL DEPARTMENTS, AND TER1'.ISCON JEOTED WITH MANUFACTURE ETC., 'WHICH MAY BE

FOUND ON Al\lMUNITION AND/OR PAOKAGES.5. The Dictionary has been compiled on the assumption that officers using Japanese Amm1i11i-

on Leaflets will be conversant generally with ammunition and can determine readily whctbcra storcomes under gun ammunition, demolition explosives or S.A.A.. etc. This locates the Part of theictionary in which to look. There will usual ly also be some idea of tho nature of the store, e.g:rtridge case, shell, gaine or fuze etc. and for this reason each Part has been arranged in alphabeti-l order. In so far as is practicable the more common characters have been repeated in certainarts of the Dictionary and the whole layout has been .compiled to ensure that the minimum time isent in locating the English word or Japanese character required. '

6. Considerable confusion can be caused by different translations of the same Japanesearacter. This occasionally occurs, owing to lack of technical knowledge on the part of the trans-

or although he may be a first rate Japanese scholar. Again many quite wrong interpretations cansupported by a standard Japanese dictionary; the technical application of a character to arma-ents may be quite different from its application in everyday use. So far as possible- standardanslations of ammunition terms have been included in the Dictionary and these should be used inaming reports etc. ; a reference to this J. A. L. being made in case of doubt.'

READING OF IDEOGRAPHS (OR CHARACTERS)7. The Japanese ideographs (Kanji) and signs used for the Japanese Syllabary (Kana) still

nform genera.lly to old usage. The characters are formed with a brush or drawn as if a, brush haden used. Most markings on ammunition and packages conform to this style of writing. Ineory the writing should be in column arrangement and read from top to bottom as was necessarilye case when the first writing materials were brushes and bamboo slats 01' wood bark , continuitywriting being from right to left. In actual usage, however, it differs frequently from this arrange-ont. Writing and markings are frequently found written horizontally. In the case of Armyores this writing will usually be found to read from right to left, although there are a Iew excep-ns. On Naval equipment the writing is usually from left to right but again there are exceptions.me examples are given in Plate A.

Note that the heading on the" Cardboard Closing Cup " can be read in both directions, "Tableowing (or forming) Arrangement of Propellant Charges" or "Propellant Charge Arrangementble", the meaning is the same in each.

8. The form of characters often differs; some may slope slightly, some may consist of thin linesill manuscript writing; and in others there is a combination of thin and thick lines according to

e up and down strokes of the brush or writing tool used. This practice is generally the same asat for Persian characters jn Urdu where the beauty of the character depends largely on the thick-ss variations of tho strokes used in its formation.

9. On ammunition and packages the characters are formed carefully in this way, but in manystances stencilling is used which necessitates the characters being broken. This adds greatly tor reading difficulties. Even on our ammunition packages stencilling, unless done carefully, ismetimes difficult to read. The reproduction of ideographs in this Leaflet has been based, as far < 1 8ssible, on markings actually found 011' Japanese ammunition.. Examples of the different formsed in portraying characters are given in Plate B, the very common character" Shiki" (Type) ised as an example.

10. Abbreviations of compound words present difficulty. Often one or two complete characterse left out. If then they are read literally the meaning is vague or even misleading. The wordHo hei" (Infantry) for instance is represented by two characters. The first character "ho" may'present several different words including pace, step, proportion and percentage; the secondoops ". When both characters are together, the inference" Marching men or infantry" is clear-ough. When, however, an infantry Type of equipment is inferred in markings the secondaracter is usually omitted. The character" Ho ' shown in Plate A, therefore, means literallyalk or pace etc., but by inference its correct meaning is 'Infantry'.


8/24

3

12. In reading characters, therefore, it is necessary, in many instances to look beyond theteral interpretation of the character to decide the actual meaning intended and a general knowledgef ammunition is necessary to be able to interpret correctly the intention of some characters, seeara. 6 above.

13. Some examples of typical arrangements of writing found on ammunition and packages archown in Plates A to L at the end of this Leaflet.

JAPANESE- NUMERICAL SYSTEM14.. Japanese numerals as such do not go higher than ten. Above ten Chinese numerals are

sed. For ten and below the old Japanese numerals may be used, but seldom. For simplicity, allumerals given in the Dictionary are Chinese, and the adjectival form only is given. Ordinalumbers, numeral classifiers etc., have beon omitted. as their translation will rarely be necessary tosers of this Leaflet, and in any case an explanation of them is too complicated and lengthy fornclusion in a "Workof this nature.

15. The Chinese numerals are given in Part I of the Dictionary. It will be seen that theystem is simple, numbers above ten are merely combinations of numbers below ten. For instance.hirteen is " J u San" ; seventeen is " J u Shichi "; nineteen is "J u Ku ". In some cases insteadhe figures being used, the words are written, particularly for one, two, three and ten. An examplef this is given in Plate D, the date marking on the cylinder of the Type '89 Time fuze.

The translation of the characters representing numbers depends on the direction the text sead and some examples to make this clear are given in Plate O. In dealing with numbers onmmunition and packages the translations are usually confined to da tes, or Type numbers based onates, and little difficulty should therefore arise regarding the direction to be read because the dateeriod will be fairly well known from the text and nature of the store.

JA PANESE CALEND ...4.R SYSTEM16. To identify the type or design number of any ammunition store or to ascertain the date of

manufacture, it is necessary to have some knowledge of the calendar systems used by the Japanese.The following explanation with the examples given in Plate D should enable the Type Number andate of manufacture of any Japanese ammunition store to be read easily.

17. Although the Japanese may have nominally adopted the 'Western Calendar [Ohristian orGregorian Calendar}, in actual practice, particularly for Government stores like armaments and .theoinage etc., they still retain artificial time periods. These usually commemorate an outstandingational or political event. The term" Nengo " is used in a general sense to indicate these periods.This is sometimes abbreviated ~o =Nen " and can be translated as "Year" or "Era".

It is necessary to know four of these N engos, because they are very widely used to indicate theype or date of manufacture of armaments such as guns, small arms, and all ammunition.

MMU NENGO

18. This denotes the legendary founding of the Japanese Empire .in 660 B. O. Year 1 of \immu is B. O. 660. Our equivalent year, therefore, can be found easily by subtracting 660 fromhe Japanese year. Thus 2596 becomes to us A. D. 1936. Actually, it is' simpler to deduct 60 when-ver the Jimmu year is read to obtain our equivalent year. In practice the Japanese usuallyispense with the first two figures using only the last two. For instance, the 1191" or II 97" Typeand grenade. Deduct 60 from this and you have then the year of introduction of these typesccording to our calendar, i. e. 1931 and 1937. Another example is the Japanese well- knownZero-tighter". This is the Jimmu 2600 type (1940). When using this date and subsequent onesn the Jimmu era the Japanese sometimes use only the last figure, i. e. a zero or 0 for 2600 andfor 2601. Variations, however, occur occasionally. The mechanical Time and Percussion fuze in

he H. E. shpll for the 8S-mm. A.A. gun is marked" Type 100" which presumably is a 1940 type,

lthough it is possible that the "100" is a serial number not connected with any date, seeara. 28 below.

MEIJINENGO

19. This Nengo covers the reign of the Emperor Mciji from 1868 to 1m2. Thereforeour 1900 A. D. becomes to the Japanese Meiji 33, i. e. 1868 plus 33; 1::)01 A. D. becomes Meiji 341911 A. D. becomes Meiji 41. Briefly, add 1867 to the Meiji Nengo year to obtain the Christianl d


9/24

4

AISHO NENGO

20. This N engo covers the period from 1012 to 1926. Year 011e of 'I'aisho commemorated thecent to the Throne of the Emperor following the death of" Meiji ". Therefore, 1912 A. D. becomesaisho 1; 1913 becomes Taisho 2 and 1925 becomes Taisho 14. Briefly 1911 should be added to theaisho N engo year to obtain the Christian calendar year.

HOWA NENGO

21. The Taisho Nengo ended with the death of the Emperor 'I'aisho in December 1926. He wasucceeded by the present' Emperor Hirohito, whose era is denoted by the -charact er "Shqwa".wing to the peculiari ties of the era system December J 926 was the 12th month of the "Year 15 "f the 'I'aisho N engo, but is also the 12th month of tbe "Year 1 " of the Showa N engo. The secondud all succeeding years within a Nengo commence on January the 1st. Bhowa year 2, therefore,egan on January the 1st 1927, and not on the anniversary of its inauguration. Thus 1926 A. D.ecomes Showa 1, 1927 becomes Showa 2, and 194.5 Showa 20. Briefly, to obtain our calendar yearhe number 1925 should be added to the Showa Nengo year ..

NOMENCLATURE AND TYPEOR

INTRODUCTION SEQUENCE OF A STORE

22. The general nomenclature of a store is allotted and used in markings very similar to theritish and American systems. A fuze package containing, for instance, short delay fuzes will be

marked with the characters for "short delay fuze" preceded or followed by other characters tondicate the particular Type 01' design of short delay fuze. Occasionally, characters are included inhe nomenclature to indicate special uses, e.g. =Meiji '41 Hohei ' for" Type Meiji 41 Regimentalor Infantry) gun", see para. 10 above. Sometimes, but not very frequently, a name may be linkedwith the nomenclature, e.g. "Type '90 Arisaka Machine Gun' '. This 'is the Type '90 (1930)Machine Gun improved by Lt.-General Arisaka, This name also occurs .in the -nomenclature offles. The reading of bhe nomenclature presents little difficulty other than that of translating theharacters and these are largely covered by the Dictionary included with this Leaflet.

23. To identify the store further a number of different methods are used and a study of thoses necessary to ensure that stores are correctly identified. The most 'common method and one thats used almost exclusively for ammunition is the allotment of a "Type number".


10/24

5

26. Stores designated by the Taisho or Showa eras are sometimes described as the ,eFive YearType", "Tbree Year Type", etc. Some examples are 50-mm. Ten Year Type (Taisho 10)discharger ; Five Year Type (Taisho 5) Time and Percussion fuze, In such cases, a knowledge ofthe store and of the Emperor eras is essential to decide the Christian year. For example, the TenYear type discharger is an old design, earlier than the rrype '89 (1929) rifled discharger, and couldnot therefore have been adopted in the Tenth Year of Showa, i e. 1936.

27. So far as is known the Christian eT~is never used by the Japanese in the type designation

of a store. Instances do occur however where the writ er (British or America.n) of fj. report hasconverted the Japanese year into the Ohristian year. For instance, the "75-mm. Type Meiji 41Regimental gun" is sometimes des eribed as the "Type 1908 Regimental gun". This practicemay lead to confusion and should be avoided. If it is necessary to draw attention to the Ohristiauyear the nomenclature could be written" 75-mm. Type I\Ieiji 41 (1908) Regimental Gun".

28. Certain Armament equipments of comparatively recent design appear to have their Typenumbers allouted on a Serial or numerical system, e.g. 20-mm. Ho 5 Aircraft cannon; 40-mm. Ho301 Aircraft; cannon. The character" Shiki " does not appear in the nomenclature and it is notclear whether the number is intended to be a Mark, Model, or Type number. The preceding Kanacharacter" Ho " has not yet been translated with any certainty .

MARK NUMBER .. 29. The use of a " Mark number" in the nomenclature of ammunition and components is not

very common but is is found frequently in the nomenclature of A. C. bombs, and mines etc. Themark is indicated by the character "Go", and usually follows the Type number. According toreports some stores may have a Mark number only. The number usually precedes the character forMark" in the direction read.

MODEL NUMBER OR LETTER.30. This also is not very common for ammunition and components. Model is indicated by the

character " Kana " and apparently represents successive manufacturer's designs, although many ofhe designs ma.y never be adopted 01' go into production. The word Model should be written illull. 'rho number usually precedes the character for ,eModel" in the direction read.

MODIFiCATION OR MODIFIED.a. Alterations and improvements in design are sometimes denoted by using the character

Kai " ( Modification ) or the character" Ka.izo " (modified). The character "Kai" for modifica-ion is usually followed by a number indicating the number of the modification reached in thatequipment. The character "Kaizo" for modified is usually associated with the original Typenumber. The practice in writing reports etc. is to abbreviate the word Modification to " MOD".

EXPERIMENTAL.

32. The character" Shi " or more commonly "Shi Sei" is sometimes used to denote a storewhich, at the time of manufacture, has not been adopted in the service and has not been allotteda Type number. It usually precedes the number in the direction read.

WEIGHT CLASSIFICATION FOR BOMBS.

33. In the nomenclature of Naval aircraft bombs the character "Ban" is frequently usedfollowed by a number indicating the nominal weight of the bomb in tens of Kilograms.

CALIBRE OF ARTILLERY SHELL AND ROCKETS ETC.S4.. The calibre of larger weapons is very frequently expressed in centimetres, decimals being

omitted. Some examples are, the 88mm. Type '99 Anti-aircraft Gun is described in Japaneseiterature as 8-cm. Type '99 Anti-aircraft Gun; tho 75-mm. Type '88 Anti-aircraft Gun is shown as86 Type - 7-em. Anti-aircraft Gun. This will be found sometimes stencilled on the ammuni-ion boxes.

GENERAL.35. The above tranalations and explanation of their use in nomenclatures of Japanese ammuni-

ion have been standardized in theatres under Allied Land Forces, l::iouthEast Asia and mustnvariably be used. Failure to observe the correct translations in the writing of reports, etc. mayead to contusion regarding what is actually intended. Owing to the very prevalent use ofthe term


11/24

6

Model'-' by Americans and the British use sometimes of the term (CType" to -indicate the samemeaning there is a tendency to misuse the terms iu nomenclatures of Japanese stores. This muste avoided; as explained above the terms have entirely different meanings when used in theomenclature of a Japanese store.

36. Examples of nomenclatures are given in Plates K to L. These examples have beenlected to be as representative as possible of all typical markings found all ammunition andackages.

-~DATES OF MANUFACTURE OR FILLING, ETC.

37. In the case of dates of manufacture, etc. the Emperor Eras appear to be used exclusively,ertainly all ammunition examined at Kirkee has the date denoted in this way. As the Showa eraommenced in 1925-2G there is little if any 'ammunibi on that is not dated in the Shown, era.Weapons, however, may be found dated in the Taisho and even Meiji eras.

38. Translation of Japanese dates will present li tl e difficulty if the instructions giveu earliere studied carefully. Numerous exmples are given in the Plates, particularly Pla.te D:

INSPECTION MARKS AND MANUFACTURERS' MONOGRAMS39. Similar to British and American practice the Japanese use inspection marks and manu-

cturers' monograms on stores. Many inspection marks are peculiar to a particular Factory orrvioe (Army or Navy). Private firms sometimes use special marks or trade names.

40. The monograms and inspection marks do not appear to be well standardized and thisgether with the use of code systems renders :t proper understanding of them very difficult.selection of monograms, inspection marks, etc. have been selected from various reports aud care-lly cross check ed to ensure correctness as far as possible. These have been included as Part XIthe Dictionary, Similarly, n seleclion of ideographs for official departments and terms connectedith manufacture have been collected and included as Part XII.

TAG MARKINGS

41. It has been reported that Japanese have standardized a system of Secret Tag l\Ia,rkings,ags being placed in concealed positions on the stores concerned. So far as is known these tagarkings' are not used in connection with-ammunition although they are used for Ordnance, etc. One Tag are marked Sets of Arabic numerals together with Japanese characters (usually Kana). Onet of numbers indicates the year of manufacture and to render translation difficult 50 is added toe year of the Empire era. -Forinstance, 51 indicates the Year 1, i.e. 1941. Another set of numbersdicates the Type and Calibre of Ordnance, etc., e.g., 8915 K indicates "Type '89 150-mm. Gun.".he other set of numbers indicates the manufacturing number or registered number of the store.heKana characters are secret markings to indicate various arsenals and places of manufacture.

Note.-A typical example of the use of all the above is the nomenclature of the 70-Kg. Aircraftncendiary bomb which is known as :- -

Type 1, No.7, MARK 6 Model 3 Modification 1 Aircraft; Bomb. Shiki 1 Ban 7 Go 6 Kata 3ail.


12/24

7

LIST OF PLATES

late A.-EXAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE CHARAO'rERS (DIREOTION OF WRITINGAND ABBREVIATIONS).

late B.-EXAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE OHARAOTERS (STENCILLED MARKINGSON CA~~RIDGE OASES AND DIFFERENT 'NAYS OF PORTRAYING THEOHARACTER "SHIICI" FOR TYPE).

late C.-JAPANESE NUMERIOAL SYSTEM.'

late D.-JAPANESE CALENDAR SYSTEM.

late E.-EXAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE CHARACTERS (STENCIT.JT..JEDl\IARKINGS,ON AMMUNITION PACKAGES).

late F.-EXAl\:IPLES OF READING JAPANESE OHARAOTERS'(TYPICAL RUBBER STAMP.... - MARKINGS ON BOX HOLDING TEN TYPE '88 SHORT DELAY FUZES).

late G-]:XAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE OHARACTERS (TYPICAL PRINTEDMARKINGS ON LABEL OF TINNED PLATE CYLINDER FOR TYPE '89 001\1-BUSTION TIME FUZE, FOUR TIME RINGS).

late H.-EXAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE CHARACTERS (TYPICAL PRINTEDMARKINGS ON LABEL OF TINNED PLATE CYLINDER FOR THREE YEARTYPE TIME AND PERCUSSION FUZE, TWO TIME RINGS).

late I.-EXAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE OHARACTERS (TYPIOAL EMBOSSED ANDSTAMPED MARKINGS).

late J.-EXAI\1PLES OF READING JAPANESE CHARAOTERS (TYPICAT.J LABELS ON

AMl\Il-:-NITION AND Al\1l\fUNITION PACKAGES).late K.-EXAMPLES OF NOMENCLATURES (TYPE, MODIFIOATION, MODEL AND MODI-

FIED).

Plate L.-EXAMPLES OF NOMENCLATURES (EXPERIMENTAL, MARK AND WEIGHTOLASSIFIOATION FOR BOl\lBS). '


13/24

RESTRICTED. PLATE A

{ m ~KYO TO mO ~ *

OKYO OR ~ USUALLY ABBRlLVlATED TO ~- TO~KYO 5fi

SHOWA {sa , WA SHOSHO B gR ~p Ba USUALLY' ABBREVIATED TO .- SHOWA'f lOSAKA { 0 :*. , SAKA 0OR ~~ " - USUALLY ABBREVIATED TO ~- 1 ! 1 l&AKASAKA ~ffi.

70 MM. TYPE 92 BATTALION OR INFANTRY GUNINK MARKING ON CHARGE BAGS CARDBOARD CLOSING CUPMAY TAKE THIS ARRANGEMENT :-

It

---

OR THIS I-

e GUNHEI HO

~ ~ 'P l

KU 9

9

KU

It

FREE TRANSLATION ,-

TABLE OF PROPELLANTCHARGES

I n m Drs - .-, -,c c -,-,0 0 D ""-A A A II

to 1I

CHARGE r COMPRISES ALL J::OUR INCREMENT&. &,C,O&'A...

.. m'

"lit It

THREE.

TWO

C.O~A.

o , A .

HI 2

. . ONE. INCREMENT' A.

SHIKI TYPE

70 MM A.A. BARRAGE MORTAR SHELLTYPICAL STENCILLED CHARACTERS ONSHELL BODY :--

.1-'- SHleHI 7

HO INFANTRY

~KANASYLLABLESON WALL OF' EXPLOSIVE TUBE

7 A7:\'

au

. . ,-~

!

(ABUNAI)DANGEROUS

NA

SA

(SAHARUNA)LEAVE,OR

DO HOT DISTURB.

E XAM PLE S O F R E AD IN G JA P A N E S E C H AR A C TDIRECTION OFWRrTING. ~ ABBREVIATIONS.

HO CUN

HA

RU

HA

C.IAMN 6/1192.KIRI(EE.AUG.

HEt C

INFANTRV

HO

TVPE

SHIKI

2

NI

SEfI!CHI CENTIMETRE

UCHI

f.8..gTRANSLATION

SCREENOF AIR

BURSTING "IROJECTILES

THROW

AGE UP

SO )

SAl

BARRAGE

DAN PROJECTIL

G.P.%.P. POOH",IM5.


14/24

RESTRIOTED . . . = =

!SHI ~ . . . OTCU NO HI t< .UICHI - I Z; ~.= :n .

illAMA MOUHTN" B rNF'ANTRV 2 9

l~-IrCARTRIDGE CASE FORTS MM TYPE MEI ...I ~RECIMENTAL GUN.

!KU It 9SHI pg .04-VAMA W MOUNTAIN

ln .w1 1 ,

CARTRIDCE CASE FOR"15 "".... TYPE '8.04-

MOUNT.AlH GUN.

8CARTRIDGE CASE R>R

TOMM TVPE. '9aBATTALION GUN

CARTRIDGE CASE FOR"15 MM. TYPE ~EIJI S8

FIELD aUN.

PLATE B

/\ l\

,KU fl. 9 /\ ~.SM' W4 D ~ !iO ;y,~ CUH t7\A - e - -n

0JB J8 e8 8

Tnt&. TVP1r. . 7"') TCeMlYIffi NCTr- ANTI-

!:::=!s- AIRCRAFT AIRCRAFTCARTRlDCE CASE FOR SPECIAL~7 .......TVPES4A:t:GUN.

CARTRIDGE CASE, FOR TYPE'"7S ...... AA. / FIELD GUN (WITMAI" BUMT .. ""end: SMULl

SAN - !S

,--

HACHI 1\ 8SHIKI '1~ TYPE

VA ff FrELD

\

~.,~ l!!l - KU teAl SM! SAN-+1 1 fGO

20

~.fi. - - SAN ICHI HACHI-J\ HACHIIff '1~~If VA VA tel VA

1 8 MOO I F 1 E O< 4 - 'S~~.~.i

5 S 1 as. .~-J\1\~J!f." 8

!'IELD F I!L D .C AY N .. .P :VF IE

CARTRIDGE CASE FOR 7'5 ",~.TVPE MEIJI 58SERIES OF FOUR FIELD GUNS.

D IFFERENT WAYS OF PORTRAYING CHARACTERS

{C.l-AIIiIN../tI~~. IUCU.. AUG. '45

EXAMPLE 'S~'K" 1.e.TYPE

zt ~OA ~ ~ O R J t 3 .t -r -~OR '1(L) (if) (m) (iv) (u)

EMBOSSED NORMAL BRUSH DRAWN MANUSCRIPT STYLISH DR STENctLJ...E.DSOMETIMES DONi WITH (USUALLV WRITTi.N BILL HEAD CHARACTIl"A "UBBE.~ STAMP. BY PEN) I='ORM.

CHARACTERS OF THE FORM (tnANO (v) ARE USUALLV FOUND ON AMMUNITION a ..AMMUNITION PACKACn.

EXAMPLES OF READ ING JAPANESECHARACTERS.

STENCILLED MARKINGS ON CARTRIDGE CASES.


15/24

RESTRICTED.TYPICAL STAMPING ON A BOMB BODY: -

PLATE C

HANE OSAKA ROKU JU

F'EATHER INSPECTION JUNE 6 10(VANES) MARK --~------1~9-4r-1--------~{

A80VE TE.X! Ie READ FROM RIGHT TO LEFT AND, AS A LARGER NUMBER

A SMALLER. THE SUM O F " THE TWO IS THEREF'ORE, THE RECQUIRED NUMBER M:-

AI

ASSEMBLED

THE

PRECEDES

SHO

7\)ROKU .)U

6 + 10 :-1'

THE ABOVE JS THE MOST COMMON METHOD BUT IT MAY HAPPEN RARE.LY, THAT {THE TEXT IC READ ~ROM L.EFT TO RIGHT, IN WHICH c ; . t SE .16 WOULD BE WRITTEN AS :-

WHEN THE SMALL.ER NUMBER PREeEDES THE LARGER, IN THE DIRECTION READ. THE LARGER NUMBERBEING- 10 OR POWER OF 10, IT MAY BE TAKEN GENERALLV TH.4T IT IS A MULTIPLIER OF THE 10 ETC.

THE CHARACT~RS OR 100 AND 1(1 MAV BE OMITTED AND THENUMBER IS THEN SIMIUR TO ARABIC "'liMBERS

READING RIGHT TO LEFT:-

CTTZ:(i) - I -t (ii) J-I::.

ICHI JU SHleHI JU SHltHI1 + 10 X 7 =71 10 X 7 : . , .0

-(hi) t 'rSHleHI JU

T + 10 -:: 17_

1;/\JO ROI(U10 + 6 s 16

READING LEFT TO R\CHT '.-

0) )-.JU ICHI10 + J &11

--AN JU~ )( fO:. ~O.

/\HVAKU ROKU JU I


16/24

RESTRICTED. PLATE 0'TNClLL5I:0 ON TNE BODY OF GRENADE-RIFL.E,H.E., A.T. HOLLOW CHARGE -aO MM,

v::=a -1 0 ( )

+ 1 1

SHOWA 18 &e l ) 1943 JUNE TOKYO

8 HOWA .JU HACHI ROKU, TOKYO TOKYO{i.i} 10 8 6 INSPECTION

1943 JUNE MARK

NOTE. 1- IN THIS INSTANCE BOTH METHODS WEREUSED TO INDICATE DATE OF MANUFACTURE/ FILLINCl.

CONTAiNER LABEL FOR IGNITER OFBANGALORE TORPEDO TYPE 99

Bo11 SHO~aT

WA} ,"OWA

.JU 10

1c ROKU 6

~ NEN VEAR

+ .JU 10

- -ICNI I

F l CATSU MONTHIIlM MONTH OF 16~ YEAR O~ SHOWAERA

(NOVEMBER 194-1)

TYPICAL STENCILLING IN ARABIC ~H!.!.MERALS 2N CARTRIDGE CASES -

DATE STAMPED ON THE BASE or CARTRIDC.CASE ~OR 37MM.TVPE '94 TANK-MOUNTED CUN.

~ lX ~ 11-t' 'Sg

OSAKA OSAKA .Ju SHOWAARSEN.\L. INSPECTION SAN

MARK NOVEMBER 1'51938.

DATE STAMPED ON BODY OF 7SMM. AP.H' SHELL

1 ' - - t :_ +r

OSAKA- OSAKA - SHICHI ~U SHOWA-'RSlN-'L. INSPECTION

MARK. .JANUARY

7 10

1942.

CYLINDER LID LABELS FOR TYPE '89 TIME FUZE(FOUR TIME RINGS)

CEiT2'fJ It l~ ~ .li I g ~ B YGATSU I'll .s U HEN c o .JU WA SHO

MONTH 2 10 YEAR 5 10 SHOW ....

12 Ttl MONTH OF IS TH YEAR OF SJ.lOWA ERA (DECE~ 1...0)

2B .

GATSU ICHI HEN HACHI .JU WA SHO IMONTH I YEAR 8 10 SHOWA

I ST. MONTH OF 18~ YEAR OF SHOWA ERA (.JANUARY 1945)

TO INDICATE. DATE OF FII..UNCi * 1 8 . .1 2 ' A...TURE OF PROPELLANTIN THIS INSTANCE J

18 & 18~ YEAR ("SHO~A IS UND.RS'TOOO)

12 .. 12lM MONTH,.. DECEMBER 1943

DATE STAMPED IN ARABIC NUMERALS ON BASE OF'CARTRIDGE CASE FOR 25M...."A/AT.TYPE '96GUN (NAVAL)

, .

SlL1 7 $:. SHOWAII ~ II TN MONTH.17 e 17 TN VEAR.

4e.. NOVEMBER 1942.

1 1 s a

ON TNE PRIUTED L.ABEL. PASTED ON PROPEUAHTTRANSPORT BOX J:'OR '32(\MM. H.E. SPIGOT MORTMBOMB (335 I~u . . .

-88 *0' 13 '~

3SHO w... NEN CATSU

SHOWA "T I t YEAR. T,.URD MONTHie. (MARCH 1938)

\ON THE PROPELLANT INCREMENT BAGS FOR320 MM. H.E. SPliioT MORTAR BOMB (335 It,).

S f? \ SHO (SHOWA)7 IS

~

'7'IM.11'" MONTH (JI.1 6 TwYEAR OFSHOWA ERA.

At JULV , 8 4 '1 6 1 ' 11 .

\ OSAKA

\

INSPECTIONMARK.

JAPANESE\

CALEN DARSVElTEM\


17/24

ESTRICTED. PLATE E

EXAMPLES OF READ INGJA P A N E S E C H A R A C T E R SSTENCILLED MARt{I.NGS ON AMMUN'TI0N PACKAGES

IC.,.AMtU/Ul96KIRKE[ A\)G.'45

ON BOX HOLDING SIX LENGTHS OF BANGALORE TORPEDOS

~!! ~d,j ~- ':1-~ 1 ? . 7 t A,:;, ;1-'" I , J IQ c=z~~ _,~ "(4TO KAt HA SHIKI KU KU

TUBE DEMOUTION TYPE 9 9

~r:l . . -,,-KUMI ICHISET ONE

FREE TRANSLA.TION:--

'ONE SET OF TYPE '99BANGALORE TORPEDOS"

\

ON BOX HOLDING TWO 90MM.TYPE'94 MORTAR BOMBS

11~ 1~'-1- ;;;

7,1!!"'el:"

FREE T.RANSLATlON:-

-t"]~ ~ ~- . . .-} "LIGHT TRENCH MORTAR-1- .... - -)C " ' L+"'iF- J .,- Type' 94 BOMBS"KU SHI KARU

HJ\KU GEKI DAN

9 4 UQHT TRENCH MORTAR .-lMMUMITION1(,.-:. (BOMB) NOTE~ - THE CHARACTE~

J l r i l._ '8HIKI" FOR TVPE HAS BEEN.__ sa . . OMITTED IN THIS E.~AMPLE

KO NI

PIECES a

ON BOX HOLDING TWENTY PLUGGED SHELL WITHOUTFUZES FOR 40 MM. HO so: AIRCRAFT CANNON

J ,

()

.._

;l;rt!1I

- -/'JEr -

FREE TRANLATIOH:-

RYO ICHI REI SAN HOTWENTV SHELL WITHOUTFUZES FO R HO 30lTVPE

HOW I 0 3 HO AiRCRAFT CANNON(HOWJ)

Jl/-~ ,-I:- '


18/24

RESTRICTED. PLATE .F

HOLDING 10. TYPE '88 SHORT DELAY FUZES C.I.AMN.S/1I97KIRKEE JUI Y '45

PIECES 10.

L.ABEI.. . --.._

TINNED PLATEPAINTED OL.IVE

SHORT ee . --......_

GUN MOUNTAIN FIELD.

z=-

. . c==r

~15 J t~ ~ ~~ i- \ J\ J\KAN SHIN KI EN TAN SHIKI HACHI HACHI

FUZE OEI..AY SHORT TYPE e 6

f J t J W ftKA VAMA YA

GUN MOUNTAIN FIEI..O

(&] t)FREE TRANSLATION KO ,JU,TYPE 88 SHORT DELAY FUZE

PICES 10FIELD MOUNTAIN GUN

10PIECES.

EXAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE CHARACTERS

TYPICAL RUBBER STAMP MARKINGS ON BOX,


19/24

RESTRIOTED. PLATE G

(0/0) (-t- 0)

r-~M~t*~i\!ft",FII. f-t a li ff;~ BG~~~

(Q /0) (-t- 0)BATCH OR L..OT '" FUZE FACTOR CORRECTION

LITERAL TRANSLATION~-'89 TYPE LONG POINTED ANTI-AIRCRAFT FUZE..TWEL.FTH MONTH OF THE FIFTEENTH YEAR IN THE REIGN OF SHOWA.OSAKA ARMY ARSENAL hI1AHUFACTURE.

FREE TRANSLATION~-

TYPE '89 ('9~) LONG POINTED TIME FUZE (ANTI- AIRCRAFT ) . MANUFACTUREDIN OSAKA ARMY ARSENAL IN DECEMBER 1940.

KAJ-J SHIN aHA KO EI KG

FUZE AN.I - AIRCRAFT LONG POINTED

TSUKI NI ,JU a .~ f tNEN GO ..JUYEAR 5 10

~ P ? 1 GUN RIKU

ARMY

MONTH 2. 10

-SEt SHO HEI 20

MANUFACTURE ARSENAL

SHiKI 'KU HACHi

TYPE 9

WA SHO

SHOWA

SoAKA 0

OSAKA ARSENAL

EXAMPLES OF READING JAPANESE OHARACTERS .,TY P I CA LPRINTEP M AR K IN G S O N LA B E L O F T IN N E P P LA T ECYLINOEB

. E . OBTYPE '88 TIME FUZE (FOUR TIME RINGS) CJ.AIoIN.1/1I9&

I


20/24

ESTRICTED. PLATE H

LITERAl. TRANSLATlON:-

SECOND MONTH OF THETWELnH YEAR C)I: THE

1~p U it ~ -00 FUKU SHlkl NEN SAN

COMBINED TYPE YEAR THREE(TIME 1 PERCUSSION)

~ ~ HZEN TAN

FULL DELAY

~A: 1~KAN SHIN

FUZE

LITERAL TRANSLATION:--

THREE YEAR TYPE (TAJSNO 3)

COMBINATION FUZE

~ J f J\ ~ f\. !it J: *-EI GATSU NI NEN NI JU SHO TAl

MANU- MONTH 2 YEAR 2 . 10 TAI.totOFACTUR~

~ I * fie 1l!j_ *.s . . , o KO HEI H O SAt


21/24

STRICTED. PLATE IEMBOSSED MARKINGS: ----

ON BASE .x .TOP OF" CONTAINER I-IOLDING TWO SHELL, FOR THE TYPE' 29,50 ........ CRENADE OISCHARGER.

J \ 1l111jti~+ ~3; 2 00 *'HACHI

8

KU JU TEKI RYU DAN 2 ICC) TOKVO

9 HEAVY CRE-MADE' 2 PIECES lHSPECTIONMARK.

rr==t

/\ / \ Z \

ON PL.ASTIC PLUC FOR CARTRIDGE Q.F. 70....... H.E. A.T. HOLLOW CHARGE TYPE 4',& IHF='ANTRY CUN.

ON BAKELITE PLUG OF SNEU.H'. A.T. HOLLOW CWARGE. -CARTRIDGE FOR TYPE. MEI.II 41REGIMENTAL. GUN.

HIDARILEFT

(NAND).

HACHI HACHI Sl-IlKf SI-IUM TANe 8 TVP, . It-;$fANTAMOUS S~ORT DELAY.

ICHI

IMARKING ON PLUG INDICATES BOTH TYPESO~ FUZES CAN BE USED IN: HOUDW CHARGE SHELL.

o 0REI REIo 0

STAMPED MARKINGS :---

SHII(I HI DOTVP. DOUBLE ACTION.

(INSTANTANEOUS'& SHORT-OELAY)

ott BASE OF" 3S MM SIGNAL CARTRIDGE.:-

YELLOW DRAGON

1(0 YELLOW

~~ TATSU DRAGOH

ON TOP. AND BASE OFCONTAINERS FOR NOSE PERCUS\lONFUZESTYPE '88 INUAHEOUSAND

RED TRIPLE STAR SHORT DELAY ACTION.

~ = -;m FOR C ID oSEI SAN' SEKI. S H O R rDE LAY ~

STAR THREE RED. ltJl

ON BODYOf: NOSE PERCUSSION FUZES TYPE 88 INSTANTANEOUS

AND DELAY ACTION.

EXAMPLES OF READ ING JAPANESE CHARACTERS

TYPICAL EMBOSSED & - STAMPED MARKINGS.

A HAC~I eJ \ HACHI 8

'i_\ SHIKI TVPE

' f VA I='ELDill YAMA MO U N TA I KIJ o I


22/24

ESTRICTED. PLATE. J

. ,

t ~tU ltRA:B ~ ~~~Jrt~~ l*tl

APPROXIMATE TRANSLATIONI

NOMENCLATURE 9!1 TY PE MORTAR(PROf'E1J.AH T)-~

9LABEL ON CARDBOARD CONTAINER HOLOlNG _ M.... BALL ROUNDSFOR 26 YEA.R TYPE SELF LOADING PISTOL.

- T }" ~ t\ ~ ~Jt ~ g- ~ ~NI JU ROKU NEH SHIKI KEN .JU ,JIPP 02 . It 10 . . . 6 YEAR TYPE PI5TOL.. SALL ( AMMUNITION) .

26 .Ii 0 ~~TOKY01N8PcnONs : O- f t - MAoRI< GO R~I HATSU6 0 ROUNDS

LABEL PASTED ACROSS THE TWO HALVES OF THE CARDBOARD CONTAINERFOR '30 SE:MI-RIMLESS ROUNDS OFT1MN.BALL FOR TVPE '92 HEAVV MACHINE GUN ~-

TOKYO INSPECTION MAR7

1l . . ~ I j~ M itt 5 '* KU HI SHIKI JU KI KEH JU DAN YAl(U,

2 - MACHINE GUN AMMUNITIONTYPE HEAVY

"it ~ L - d - h . i&C J..(KU HI SHfKI FU TSU ,JIPP 0

BALL (AMMUNITION)9 2. TYPE GENERAL PURPOSE

LABEL PASTED ON UNDERSiDE OF" LID OF PROPELLANT TRANSPORT BOX I=OR320MM SPIGOT MORTAR BOMB (SEE. ,J .A.L.. 07 PLATE F - DETAIL..ING CONTENTS OFSOX ,~ DATE OF MANUFACTURE.)

N9 OF SETS ONE SET.

~:b Ml. J 'L~ ~ 4 - J ! . ~ ( l : JB1612*63 D ,,\ PROPEUNfT CHARGE 9M~ TUI8lIl.M PIWPEl.LAHf O I A R G E.~ 5fC -ttT B I\h ~ U - ,w""'5") (DECEMBER 1941, "ARK'~)~~-*~ }..~ ~ ~ ( BT J 1 75 ' >L ' 2 750) IGNITER CHARGE SMAU(GRANUlAR)POWOERCHA\\ ....... :J -'J\JL.3i'e 0 '1J T5 (MAV 1942, MARK 275)

lL1\ it ~t. ~; BE1 . E t ~CBlJ 15 9ifi) 9 6 TYPE FRICTION PRIM~(ruBE OR IGNITER)J~ ,~, -J c ~ (SEPTEMBEr{ 1940 TOI


23/24

ESTRICTE:D. PLATE KTYPE:--

AEXAMPLES: ------

SHIKI = TYPE

1(0

(A)

TO EN HATSU OAI ,WIKI &HI ... KU

9

2..

MODEL:---JljU KATA = MODEL

EXAMPLES:

(t) LABEL ON NAVIGATION MARKER.i) STENCILLING ON 81 MM H.E. BOMB.

n. KU 8

! !LKU 9

it SHIKI TVPE-1 \ SHO SMALL~

HAKU TRENCH MORTAR.

(tt) SODY LABEL ON TVPE 9+ LARGE SMO~ CANDLE:

SMOKE CANDLE LARGE TYPE

- ICHI.

X~I..cENTAL

- NI-A SHIKIJ i t1L_0 }t~ HO MO " U )t~ NVO~{j DAN

r. . JU

.- I C H .

"IIJ KATA

TVPE

SEA

MARKER.

10

1 IIMODEL.

(ii) LA8EL ON TYPE '95 aliA MINE.

(it) STENCILLING ON BOOV OFT5 MhI. H.. SHELL, ENLARGEDNOSE. ADAPTER PAINTDWHITE,F'OR TYPE MEI'" ....,REGIMENTAL GUN ( LOWVELOCITY)

fL'KU

9

--AN;5

-6HIKI

TYPE

KI RAI SHI KATA

MECHAHCALMIHE ... MODEL\

MOD IFIED :---ex ~ KAIZO = MOOIF'IEDEXAMPLE ~

(i) ~TENCILlING ON CARTRIDGE CASEUSED IN TYPE 38 GROUP OF f . ' IEJ .DCUNS

J\ HACHI 8r; HACHI 8

!XKAI MODlFICATlOH

fil(FOR)

RVU HOWITZER .

-.~-

A HACHIIt YA

NOTE 1- THE ~80VE MAY APPEAR ONTHE CARTRIDGE CASE.SY ITSELF.OR WITH OTHERMARKINGSINDICATING OTHER GUNS IN WHICHTHE ROUND MAY BE USED .

M I}MODIF'IEDZO

SAN 3

8

FIELD (GUN)

EXAMPLES OF NOME:NCLATUR~S.

--

le.LAMN. S/1202I


24/24

ESTRICTED. PLATE L

EXPERIMENTAL . MA R K ;~i t_ a~ 1:'1 ISHI SEI - EXPERIMENT At. ~~ O R ? ;7GO :: MARKEXAMPLES: E)CAMPLES:

(0 LABEL ON CONTAINER FOR en ) LABEL ON FUZE CONTAINER (i}. STE"NCILLINGON BA5E FUZEMACNETISED MINE TYPE. 99 FOR ELECTRIC DETONATOR. FOR TS MM. AP.HE. S.H~LL .

ri~SH _ '1

'~. . Slil) EXPER 'MDITAL

tp eH U MEDIUMEXPERIMENTAL

,SEI ~ SEI - CHI Ili~ HA ARMOUR !L KU 9 t:J GO MARt

Documents

Japanese Ammunition Leaflets Section A - Introduction & Explanation of Stamping & Stencilling