Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

Shipping Economy in Indian Ocean

~ An analysis of Japanese Naval Deployment in the Indian Ocean

to secure the interests of Shipping based Economies ~

~

RADM Akira Saito,

Director General, Operations and Plans Department

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

Unclassified

1

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

EEZ

An economic power with strong

economic capacity and high

technological capabilities

Has achieved economic growth

through maritime trade and

development of marine resources

Has pursued “Open and Stable Seas”

Japan’s survival is dependent on

the SLOCs in the Indian and the

Pacific Oceans

⇒

National Security Strategy (2013)

For JMSDF, how to maintain peace and stability the Indian and

the Pacific Oceans presents a serious challenge.

2

Japan as a maritime state

Unclassified

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

Maritime Report 2017

Percentage of trade on SLOCs to the entire trade : 99.6%

Energy self-sufficiency ratio

(Primary energy) : 7%

Oils self-sufficiency ratio : 0.3%

Fossil fuels : Approx. 88%

Oils from Middle East : 88%

Japan depends on seaborne trade

3

Japan’s economy and maritime trade

Unclassified

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

Africa

Asia

Indian Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Japan’s SLOCs and the Indian Ocean

Indian Ocean: 90% of oil bound for Japan, almost all Japan’s goods

exported to Europe, Middle East and Africa passes through the Indian Ocean

pass through the Indian Ocean

Arabian Sea

SLOCs in the Indian Ocean is literally

lifeline of Japan’s economy

Unclassified4

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

5

“Free and Open Indo-Pacific (FOIP)” Vision

The Pacific Ocean

The Indian Ocean

“Free and Open Indo-Pacific Vision”

Africa

Asia

Japan

IndiaUS

“...Place that values freedom, the rule of law, and the market economy, free from

force or coercion...” Prime Minister Abe Keynote address at TICAD* Ⅵ(Aug 2016)

Free and Open Indo-Pacific

* Tokyo International Conference on Africa Development

Free and open Indo-Pacific as “international public goods”

Bring stability and prosperity to any country without discrimination

Unclassified 5

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

① Promotion and establishment of the rule of law,

freedom of navigation, free trade

② Pursuit of economic prosperity” through improvement of

“three connectivities”

1) Physical connectivity 2) people-to-people connectivity

3) Institutional connectivity

③ Commitment for peace and stability to ensure

peace and stability

Unclassified

FOIP is a comprehensive concept including

international politics and economy, cultural exchange,

civilian cooperation and security cooperation :

Navies can play a significant role

Three pillars of FOIP

Unclassified6

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

Counter-Piracy force

Djibouti

Somalia

Yemen

Direct Escort

・Escorting private vessels using the escort method

Zone Defense

・Warning and surveillance activities within specific

waters

・Conduct a joint EX with other navies occasionally

ISR operation flight

Destroyers

Patrol aircraft

Zone

Composition of Counter-Piracy force

Deployment Surface Force

Deployment Air Force

Deployment Support Group

CTF151 deployed units at the HQs

Transport Unit (as needed)

7

Image

JMSDF’s counter-piracy operations

Unclassified

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

Activities to improve maritime security in the region

8

Oman

●●Pakistan

●Maldives

India ●●Thailand

●Sri Lanka

Joint naval presence through bilateral exercises with regional navies

by counter-piracy forces advancing and returning through the Indian Ocean

Commitment to the Indian Ocean by counter-piracy forces

Unclassified

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

The Philippines

Brunei

JS IZUMO JS MURASAME JS AKEBONO

Search and Rescue exercise with Philippine Navy

9

Bilateral exercise with Brunei Navy

Attendant Units

Bilateral exerciseWith Vietnam Navy

Malaysia

Bilateral exercise with Indian Navy

Viet Nam

Singapore

ＨＡ／ＤR Training With Malaysian Force

IPD (Indo-Pacific Deployment) 2019

Japan-ASEAN Ship Rider Cooperation Program

Unclassified

Multilateral exercise

With Australia-France-US

Contribute to the peace and stability in the region Enhance mutual understanding and trust among the participating countries

9

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

0

50

100

150

200

250

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

（Number ofIncidents）

１１１

２３７

７５

１５１１

２１８ ２１９

０ ２９

３

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ＩＭＢ (International Maritime Bureau) Annual Report, (January, 2019)

Piracy incidents in the Gulf of Aden and

off Coast of Somalia

U.N. Security Council Resolution

No. 1816 & 1838

JMSDF joined CTF151

JMSDF started

counter-piracy operations

JMSDF took command of CTF151

For the first time

Unclassified

Passengers waving hands

to JMSDF escort vessel

Letter of thanks

from the captain of an escorted ship

Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force

11

Summary

Unclassified

Cooperation with partner nations

is the key

Illegal activities by non-government

entities such as terrorists and pirates

Common threats

Securing SLOCs and stable use of

seas in the Indian Ocean

Common interests

Japan Maritime Self-Defense ForceFair Winds and Following Seasfor the Maritime

Security!

12