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Implementing EvidenceBased Practices in North Carolina January 24, 2014

January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

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Page 1: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Implementing Evidence‐Based Practices in North CarolinaJanuary 24, 2014

Page 2: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Building an Evidence Based System of Care

Arthur C. Evans, Ph.D., Commissioner

Philadelphia Department of Behavioral Health and Intellectual disAbility Services

Page 3: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Philadelphia Behavioral Health System

Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

$1b Service system for children, adults & families

Substance Abuse and Mental Health

Broad range of services from acute care hospitals to small niche outpatient programs

System transforming around the principles of recovery and resilience

Page 4: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

What is the goal of EBP’s?

A. Implement EBP to fidelity

B. Implement EBP in context of local community

C. Improve the likelihood of best outcomes

Page 5: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Need to spend wisely: Do what has the greatest probability of 

achieving the desired recovery & resilience outcomes

Rationale for Emphasis on EBP's

Page 6: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Take Home Messages

Evidence Based Practices can be successfully implemented  The primary reason that EBP’s should be implemented is to improve outcomes  An implementation and systems change framework is useful for EBP adoption A systems perspective is needed A Developmental approach is necessary

Page 7: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Background

Page 8: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Evolution of the EBP Field:3 Generations

1st :  Effectiveness Science (initial) Build it and they will come approach Emphasis on manuals, tool kits and dissemination Heavy emphasis on defining evidence; what’s in, what’s out

2nd : Implementation Science (current) Understand that there is a science behind implementation itself Specific strategies are needed for successful implementation Emphasis on uptake, fidelity

3rd : Sustainability Science (emerging) Understanding that sustaining practice requires a different set of skills and 

strategies than implementation Emphasis on long‐term integration of EBP’s into  existing organizations and 

systems Focus on the utility of EBP’s ; a means to an end; outcomes!

Page 9: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Categories of Evidence

Evidence ‐Based‐Supported‐Informed ‐Suggested

Page 10: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City
Page 11: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Recovery Oriented System of Care

Page 12: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Four Building Blocks to Transformational Change

Community & Cross Systems Collaboration

Optimize Treatment Services

Recovery Support Services

Fiscal & Administrative 

Policy & Procedure Alignment 

Page 13: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

ROSC: Building Block Strategies

Optimize clinical service delivery Orient and re‐engineer services around the goal of long‐term recovery with an understanding of their role in that process

Optimize the clinical effectiveness of treatment services through the use of empirically supported treatments, individualized approaches (i.e., co‐occurring, trauma informed, culturally competent, developmentally appropriate, etc)

Add and integrate recovery support services Add those recovery support services that are needed to support long‐term recovery for individuals and their families

Utilize both free standing and integrated services that are embedded within treatment and add another dimension to the treatment process

Page 14: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

ROSC: Building Block Strategies

Fiscal and Administrative Policy & Procedures Ensuring that policy and procedures support the practice changes that have been implemented

Remove administrative & fiscal barriers to recovery‐oriented practice

Build Cross‐Systems Partnerships and Community Recovery Capital Goal: resilient and healthy communities

Communities’ capacity to prevent behavioral health challenges, intervene early when they occur and support individuals who are in the recovery process

Requires public health strategies

Page 15: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Evidence‐Based Practice and Innovation Center 

Build an Evidence Informed System of Care(Evidence‐Based Principles, Practices, Programs, Policies)

Build Organizational and System Capacity

Focus on Outcomes

Page 16: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Beck Initiative

2007 – CBT works but community mental health providers aren’t delivering it Training 

+ consultation+ certification+ sustainability support+ financial off‐set for time in training

Page 17: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Beck Initiative 

Started with Outpatient

Exported/adapted throughout system

Milieu Training & Recovery Oriented CT for Schizophrenia

Over 200 therapists trained in 28 agencies 

77 % achieving initial certification

Demonstrated feasibility of training community providers in CT 

Page 18: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

THERAPIST PERSPECTIVE"The Beck Initiative and the use of CBT have transformed the way I offer therapeutic services. I feel much more equipped when it comes to assisting my patients by having an effective tool I have been schooled on.  Learning such practices such as guided discovery or examining thought processes is quite relevant to the needs of my patients and has proved rewarding."

" The techniques learned through the Beck Initiative have been instrumental in organizing both members AND myself with needed skills to move the Recovery process forward.  My members have already begun responding with improvements in reduction of symptoms since training began less than six months ago."

CLIENT PERSPECTIVE“I liked knowing that some day I wouldn’t need to come to therapy, because at some point there is a end and I will be able to things on my own”“By discussing my thoughts she helps me go in the right direction when I am stuck on something and then I see and feel better about myself”

“I have had a lot of therapists and she is one of the best. I feel the cognitive therapy is going to be very helpful to me”

“I haven’t felt this good in 30 years.” 

Cognitive Therapy Feedback

Page 19: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Trauma Initiative

Trauma Initiative – Prolonged Exposure  ‐ TF‐CBT   ‐Sanctuary Model– PE: 4 day workshop +audio consultation on 2 cases

Philadelphia Alliance for Child Trauma Services– TF‐CBT ‐ CF‐TSI– TF‐CBT: 2 day workshop, 6 months group consultation, 1 day booster

Page 20: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

7 teams  Outpatient, Adult Residential and ACT teams 6 months intensive training and consultation Currently receiving additional 6 months of consultation   

DBT Initiative

Page 21: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Other EBP’s

Functional Family Therapy

Multi‐Systemic Family Therapy

Motivational Interviewing

etc.

Page 22: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Temple University Hospital Extended Acute Care Pilot Program

Optimal Evidence‐Based Treatment & Discharge Planning  Recovery‐Oriented 

Cognitive Therapy (CT‐R)  Certified Peer Specialists  Families  Community 

Excursions/Life Skills Training 

Medical Collaboration 

Comprehensive Assessments  Collateral Information  Standardized Assessment 

Instruments 

Continuity of Care  Assertive Community 

Treatment (ACT) Team

Page 23: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Preliminary Findings

Reduction of falls, assaults, & restraints Reduction of medications (IM PRNs) 

Page 24: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

10 Lessons Learned

Page 25: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#10: Identify Outcomes Before Implementation

outcomes and evaluation identified up front

system assessment, id system need and how the EBP fits and addresses need, how EBP goes across the continuum

build the EBP into the Quality Improvement process

agree on data/outcome selection and sharing with EBP Purveyors

Page 26: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#9: Build Payor (Administrative) Capacity Simultaneously

Payors have to change as the provider system is changing

Payors and system administrators must have the capacity and competency to oversee implementation and incorporation of EBP’s

Program administrators need standards

Page 27: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#8: Shift from Training to Implementation Model

Focus on organizational capacity from the beginning

Metrics and “fidelity” should include organizational factors

Should have standards for practitioners, organizations and systems to evaluate the progress of the implentation

Page 28: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#7: Incorporate a Multi‐Level, Developmental Perspective

Understand phases both within and across various EBP implementations Maturity of EBP implementations changes approach  Phases happen at various levels within the system

Page 29: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Pre‐Implementation(Readiness) Implementation Sustainability

Practitioner• Clinician Qualifications (education, culture…)

• Training• Fidelity Assessment

• Ongoing Supervision

Organization• Assessment of General Capacity

• Programmatic & Organizational Fit

• WorkforceCapacity

System• Determining EBP Need• Role of EBP within the System

• Financing• Triaging• “Marketing”

• Outcomes & Evaluation

• Scalability

Developmental Focus of Tools, Training & TA (Examples)

Page 30: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#6: Each EBP Implementation is Different

While there are commonalities across all implementations, EBP’s are different and their implementations will be different

Multiple approaches can be used to effectively introduce EBP’s into a system: rfp's, payor pay for training, enhanced rates, etc

Understand dimensions of difference (e.g., CBT is general practice  vs Prolonged Exposure is very specific)

Context matters.  Systems are different (eg Managed systems)

Page 31: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#5: Move Beyond provider readiness and general capacity

Providers vary greatly in their readiness to successfully implement EBP’s

However, readiness may not be enough.  Some may have the organizational capacity, but other factors may impinge on implementation

Providers may have to build other capacities simultaneously with the EBP because they are necessary (eg data collection, standardized assessments)

Clearly knowing both the general and specific capacities is critical (ie capacity needed for all EBP’s and for the specific EBP being implemented)

Page 32: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#4: Select providers wisely

Implementing EBP’s is a significant investment and not all providers are ready to effectively adopt new practices

There will be attrition.  Intentionally minimize it.  Some providers better suited for some EBP’s Selection goes beyond capacity and includes issues such as “bandwidth”, populations served and likelihood to deliver the practice to the appropriate population

Page 33: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#3 Determine Sustainability Plan before Implementation Begins

Understand the fiscal, administrative, clinical and workforce issues necessary for sustainability Be clear on the system need prior to implementation.  What is the utility Articulate standards across all levels from practitioner to policymaker

Page 34: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#2: Build in system level work with purveyors

Work with EBP developers on the programmatic and systems issues that go beyond training Partnership should result in mutual benefits Get lessons learned from other system implementations

Page 35: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#1: It’s a Marathon, Not a Sprint

Successful implementation occurs when practices are sustained and there is a culture change within provider organizations and the broader system

Recognize the complexity of large‐scale change Use a Continuous Quality Improvement Framework for EBP Implementation (does the system get better at it over time)

Page 36: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

#1: Use EBP’s to Address Challenges

Emphasize the utility of EBP’s Fit  EBP’s into other system priorities and goals Use EBP’s to address specific challenges facing a provider and/or system (e.g., engagement, retention, recidivism, employment, housing, etc)

Page 37: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Fitting The Pieces Together

Individual receiving services

EBP developer / trainer

Treatment Setting / Organization

EBP

Page 38: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Connecting the Dots

Pay for Performance Housing initiative

Page 39: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

39

Pay for Performance ‐ Sample Adult Inpatient Matrix

Page 40: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Permanent Supportive Housing Initiative

Housed 1916 single adults since 2008• 1461 had a history of street homelessness• High rate of retention

Used Evidence Based Practices and Principles and Recovery Framework Specialized Package of Clinical Services Leverage Medicaid dollars for housing resources

Page 41: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Change Management Process

Page 42: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Start with Early Adopters

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Cumulative  Adopters

Early Adopters

Incentives Requirements

Largest # ofAdoptersLargest # ofAdopters

Cumulative adopters of Hybrid Seed Corn in Iowa between 1927 and 1941Classic diffusion study by 

Ryan & Gross

Education

Mid‐StageAdopters

Late‐StageAdopters

Page 43: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City

Taking a systems perspective that attends to multiple levels of analysis is important for successful EBP implementation

Must work simultaneously at the practitioner, organizational and systems levels

Focus of EBP implementation should be on the achievement of outcomes

Summary

Page 44: January - ncpic.net€¦ · Philadelphia Behavioral Health System Single payor (Medicaid, state & federal block grants, local grant) behavioral health system operated by the City