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Jan 14, 1998
Product OverviewProduct OverviewPART IIPART II
Product OverviewProduct OverviewPART IIPART II
ModulesATM ServicesPizzaSwitch
Theory of Operation
ASM-155-F one or two SC connectorized fiber ports that support one or two SC connectorized fiber ports that support
OC-3 connections at 155 MbpsOC-3 connections at 155 Mbps single mode or multimode versions availablesingle mode or multimode versions available
ASM-155-C one or two RJ-45 ports that support 155 Mbps one or two RJ-45 ports that support 155 Mbps
connections over Cat. 5 cableconnections over Cat. 5 cable
S DASM
S DASM
ATM network Access Switching ModulesATM network Access Switching Modules
ASM-DS3 one or two BNC connectorized coaxial cable ports to one or two BNC connectorized coaxial cable ports to
support connections at 44.736 Mbpssupport connections at 44.736 Mbps
ASM-E-3 one or two BNC connectorized coaxial cable ports to one or two BNC connectorized coaxial cable ports to
support connections at 34.368 Mbpssupport connections at 34.368 Mbps
S D
OK1
OK2
ASM
OUT
BNC
INAC
TL IN
KAISYEL
RED
ALARM O
UT
BNC
INAC
TLI
NK
AISYELRE
D
ALARM
ATM network Access Switching ModulesATM network Access Switching Modules
T1/E1Ports
ATM OC3UplinkPort
S DASM
UniversalSerialPorts
ASM with circuit emulation (ASM-CE)ASM with circuit emulation (ASM-CE)
ASM-CE with OC3 uplink:
S DASM
ASM-CE with OC3 or DS3 uplinkASM-CE with OC3 or DS3 uplink
1 ASM-CE OC3 uplink multimode or single mode fiber standard connectormultimode or single mode fiber standard connector 155 megabits per second155 megabits per second
2 T1/E1 circuit emulation services ports RJ-45 connectorRJ-45 connector DSX-1 short-haul interfaceDSX-1 short-haul interface
2 universal serial ports layer 1 transport of legacy synchronous serial devices using layer 1 transport of legacy synchronous serial devices using
unstructured CESunstructured CES universal port supports RS-232, V.35, RS-449, RS-530 and universal port supports RS-232, V.35, RS-449, RS-530 and
X.21 selectable via cableX.21 selectable via cable
AAL5SAR
AAL1SAR
MUX
2 serial portsDS3/E3/OC3 uplink 2 T1/E1 ports
To VBUS
ASM-CE sub-modules functional diagram ASM-CE sub-modules functional diagram
Combination of an HSM2 and two sub-modules one sub-module is the ATM uplink moduleone sub-module is the ATM uplink module second sub-module is the ATM-CBR (access) sub-second sub-module is the ATM-CBR (access) sub-
module module AAL1 ATM cells access the uplink module Utopia bus AAL1 ATM cells access the uplink module Utopia bus
via a cross-board connector via a cross-board connector ATM uplink module multiplexes AAL5 and AAL1 cells to ATM uplink module multiplexes AAL5 and AAL1 cells to
the ATM uplinkthe ATM uplink
S DW SM
Wide Area Network (WAN) Switching ModuleWide Area Network (WAN) Switching Module
WSM-4-S and -8-S four or eight ports designed to connect to the wide area four or eight ports designed to connect to the wide area
via frame relay at speeds from 9.6K to 2.048 Mbpsvia frame relay at speeds from 9.6K to 2.048 Mbps supports STAC hardware compression, three types of supports STAC hardware compression, three types of
clocking, and all three major DLCMI management clocking, and all three major DLCMI management protocolsprotocols
interfaces seamlessly to RS-449, RS-232, V.35, RS-530, interfaces seamlessly to RS-449, RS-232, V.35, RS-530, and V.X21/X26 both DTE and DCEand V.X21/X26 both DTE and DCE
WSM-BRI-SC-1W (available in 2 port version also) 1 or 2 serial port and 1 or 2 ISDN port - U and ST 1 or 2 serial port and 1 or 2 ISDN port - U and ST
interface interface supports STAC hardware compression, three types of supports STAC hardware compression, three types of
clocking, and all three major DLCMI management clocking, and all three major DLCMI management protocolsprotocols
interfaces seamlessly to RS-449, RS-232, V.35, RS-530, interfaces seamlessly to RS-449, RS-232, V.35, RS-530, and V.X21/X26 both DTE and DCE and V.X21/X26 both DTE and DCE
Basic Rate Access (BRA) - residential or small office 2B+D: 2 B channels (64K) + 1 D channel (16K)2B+D: 2 B channels (64K) + 1 D channel (16K)
S DASM
ISDN WAN moduleISDN WAN module
CSM-155-8 (single mode or multimode) eight SC connectorized fiber ports that support OC-3 eight SC connectorized fiber ports that support OC-3
connections at 155 Mbpsconnections at 155 Mbps
CSM-155-8C (copper) eight RJ-45 connectorized copper ports that support eight RJ-45 connectorized copper ports that support
OC-3 connections at 155 MbpsOC-3 connections at 155 Mbps
S DCSM -15 5
S DCSM -15 5
ATM Network Cell Switching ModulesATM Network Cell Switching Modules
ATM Network Cell Switching ModulesATM Network Cell Switching Modules
CSM-155-8 (single mode or multimode) two SC connectorized fiber ports that support OC-12 two SC connectorized fiber ports that support OC-12
connections at 622 Mbpsconnections at 622 Mbps
S DCSM -62 2
CSM-A25-12W 12 RJ-45 connector ports that support 25 Mbps over 12 RJ-45 connector ports that support 25 Mbps over
UTP category 5 cablingUTP category 5 cabling
CSM-A25-24W 24 RJ-45 connector ports that support 25 Mbps over 24 RJ-45 connector ports that support 25 Mbps over
UTP category 5 cablingUTP category 5 cabling
ATM switch solutionsATM switch solutions
S DCSM -A25
S DCSM -A25
A
B
S D
OK1
CSM -U
OK2
S D
TX RX
1
TX RX
2
1 2
REC
LNK
ACT
SD
1 2 2X1X
S D
1X 2X 3X 4X
CSM-U overviewCSM-U overview
CSM-U provides mix & match interface capabilities of ATM provides mix & match interface capabilities of ATM
switching and Circuit Emulation Services (CES) on a switching and Circuit Emulation Services (CES) on a single modulesingle module
holds up to three sub-modules to provide multiple port holds up to three sub-modules to provide multiple port typestypes
CSM-U featuresCSM-U features onboard interface to X-Cell bus architectureonboard interface to X-Cell bus architecture 1 Xylan X-Cell fabric ASIC1 Xylan X-Cell fabric ASIC 3 Xylan I/O processor ASICs (one for each expansion sub-3 Xylan I/O processor ASICs (one for each expansion sub-
module)module)
CSM-U module featuresCSM-U module features
Mix and match any combination of up to three CSM-U expansion sub-modules (24 available, Release 3.2)
4 port DS1 ATM4 port DS1 ATM 4 long-haul DS1 RJ-45 (built out as T1 or E1) 4 long-haul DS1 RJ-45 (built out as T1 or E1)
ATM UNI portsATM UNI ports
4 port DS1 CE4 port DS1 CE 4 long-haul DS1 RJ-45 (T1 or E1) CBR ports4 long-haul DS1 RJ-45 (T1 or E1) CBR ports converts full DS1(unstructured) or NxDS0 bundles converts full DS1(unstructured) or NxDS0 bundles
(structured) to ATM cells via ATM adaptation layer 1 (structured) to ATM cells via ATM adaptation layer 1 (AAL1) to Xylan cell bus(AAL1) to Xylan cell bus
2 port DS3 ATM (built out as T3 or E3)2 port DS3 ATM (built out as T3 or E3)
2 port OC3 ATM multimode or single mode fiber2 port OC3 ATM multimode or single mode fiber
S D
1X 2X 3X 4X
S D
S D
TX RX
TX RX
S D
1X 2X 3X 4X
Fabric
IOP IOP IOP
ATM
Exp.
Card
ATM
Exp.
Card
ATM
Exp.
Card
CSM-U base functional diagramCSM-U base functional diagram
Base components cell switching fabriccell switching fabric 3 IOPs for fabric to 3 IOPs for fabric to
Utopia interfaceUtopia interface
Expansion cards
WAN/ATM (several WAN/ATM (several types)types)
Utopia and memory Utopia and memory interface to CSM-U interface to CSM-U motherboardmotherboard
The Frame Cell Switching ModuleThe Frame Cell Switching Module
Features internal link connecting the frame bus and cell matrixinternal link connecting the frame bus and cell matrix supports comprehensive LAN to ATM internetworkingsupports comprehensive LAN to ATM internetworking performs the Segmentation and Reassembly function performs the Segmentation and Reassembly function
(SAR)(SAR)
S DFCSM
X-Cell system architectureX-Cell system architecture
Single stage, non-blocking, fully distributed switch fabric
each I/O module is an ATM switch each I/O module is an ATM switch no single point of failure; low entry costno single point of failure; low entry cost
Switch fabric scales from 2.0 to 13.2 Gbps up to 64 OC-3c / STM-1up to 64 OC-3c / STM-1 up to 16 OC-12c / STM-4cup to 16 OC-12c / STM-4c
13.2Gbps Cell Matrix
Up to 8 CSMs per chassis (42 custom ASICs)Up to 8 CSMs per chassis (42 custom ASICs)
Input PortsInput Ports Output PortsOutput Ports
Fabric (13.2G)Fabric (13.2G)
Buffer Memory (2.048M Cells)Buffer Memory (2.048M Cells)
X-Cell: advanced fabric architectureX-Cell: advanced fabric architecture
Distributed Input Buffered with Output Control (DIBOC) logically identical to output buffered switchlogically identical to output buffered switch
Distributed Input Buffering Distributed Input Buffering with Output Controlwith Output Control
816 32 64
OutputOutputBufferingBuffering
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
# of 155M ATM Ports# of 155M ATM Ports
Per-port cell buffer requirement to handle 1 msec burst (about 12 Ethernet frames / 365 cells) from each input
Per-port cell buffer requirement to handle 1 msec burst (about 12 Ethernet frames / 365 cells) from each input
X-Cell: buffer managementX-Cell: buffer management
Characteristics dynamic input buffered with output control (DIBOC)dynamic input buffered with output control (DIBOC) 6 classes of service, i.e., CBR PRS, CBR, rt-VBR, nrt-VBR, ABR, UBR6 classes of service, i.e., CBR PRS, CBR, rt-VBR, nrt-VBR, ABR, UBR very large cell buffers, e.g., 128K per OC-12c/STM-4c portvery large cell buffers, e.g., 128K per OC-12c/STM-4c port thresholds and discarding mechanisms, e.g., EPD, PPD and REDthresholds and discarding mechanisms, e.g., EPD, PPD and RED
Implementation integrated into the IOP ASIC (patent pending)integrated into the IOP ASIC (patent pending)
Fab
ric
cap
acit
y (G
bp
s)
# of OC-3c/STM-1 ports
Scalable fabric capacityScalable fabric capacity
System scales from 2Gbps to 13.2Gbps in 1.6Gbps at a time
one CSM (1.6Gbps) plus MPM (400Mbps) to startone CSM (1.6Gbps) plus MPM (400Mbps) to start each CSM adds an additional 1.6Gbpseach CSM adds an additional 1.6Gbps
Lower entry cost
LANE Server(LES)
LANE Client(LEC)
LANE Client(LEC)
ATM Host LAN Switch
ControlDirectVCC
ControlDistribute
VCC
ControlDirectVCC
ConfigurationDirectVCC
ConfigurationDirectVCC
LANE Configuration Server(LECS)
ATM servicesATM services
LAN Emulation (LANE) allow the emulation of legacy LANs over the connection-allow the emulation of legacy LANs over the connection-
oriented ATM service by providing control circuitsoriented ATM service by providing control circuits
Slot 3Port 7GP 1
Slot 5Port 8GP 1
Slot 9Port 8GP 2
Slot 2Port 5GP 3
Slot 3Port 2GP 2
Slot 3Port 7GP 1
Slot 2Port 7GP 3
Slot 6Port 7GP 3
VCI 101, 102, & 103
VCI 101,102, & 103
ATM servicesATM services
Point-to-point bridging up to 16 bridging services per ATM port over separate up to 16 bridging services per ATM port over separate
VCs VCs
ATM servicesATM services
Slot 3Port 7GP 1
Slot 5Port 8GP 1
Slot 9Port 8GP 2
Slot 2Port 5GP 3
Slot 3Port 2GP 2
Slot 3Port 7GP 1
Slot 2Port 7GP 3
Slot 6Port 7GP 3
ATM trunking multiple groups are “trunked” over a single VCmultiple groups are “trunked” over a single VC
VCI 102
VCI 102
Broadcast OutVCC
Broadcast In 2VCC
Broadcast In 3VCC
Data Direct2 VCC
Data Direct3 VCC
ATM servicesATM services
VLAN clusters (XLANE) provides a LANE-like service without the need for LAN provides a LANE-like service without the need for LAN
Emulation Services (LES)Emulation Services (LES)
IP-based device
IP-based devices IP-based devices
ATM servicesATM services
Classical IP (RFC1577) allows for routing of IP over ATMallows for routing of IP over ATM
R
ATM
R
OmniMSSOmniMSS
LANE services, routing a powerful, high a powerful, high
performance LAN-to-ATM performance LAN-to-ATM internetworking serverinternetworking server
delivers integrated LAN delivers integrated LAN Emulation and classical IP Emulation and classical IP services, and route server services, and route server capabilities for IP, IPX and capabilities for IP, IPX and AppleTalkAppleTalk
provides LES, LECS, and provides LES, LECS, and BUS services, and BUS services, and broadcast control broadcast control managementmanagement
redundant LANE services redundant LANE services may be configuredmay be configured
OmniMSSOmniMSS
Configurations 4 versions available4 versions available combinations depend on combinations depend on
# of ATM uplinks # of ATM uplinks single or multimode fibersingle or multimode fiber
OmniServer versions OmniServer-M1: one ATM OmniServer-M1: one ATM
multimode uplinkmultimode uplink OmniServer-M2 : two ATM OmniServer-M2 : two ATM
multimode uplinksmultimode uplinks OmniServer-S1: one ATM OmniServer-S1: one ATM
single mode uplinksingle mode uplink OmniServer -S2 : two ATM OmniServer -S2 : two ATM
single mode uplinkssingle mode uplinks
A hard drive is required for each (must be bought separately)
ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)
LANE services integrated on the Management Processor Module (MPM)
LES-BUSLES-BUS LECSLECS LECS interfaceLECS interface ATM managerATM manager Connection ManagerConnection Manager NI driver and BUS data forwarding engineNI driver and BUS data forwarding engine
ILMI MIBILMI MIB
LECS_1LECS_1
Primary Primary LES/BUSLES/BUS
Backup Backup LES/BUSLES/BUS
Redundancy VCCRedundancy VCC
LECLEC
LECS_2LECS_2
LECS_1LECS_1
LECS_2LECS_2
ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)
LES/BUS redundancy
ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)
Design constraints one LECS per OmniSwitchone LECS per OmniSwitch each LES-BUS is associated with a single physical ATMeach LES-BUS is associated with a single physical ATM interface (ASM or FCSM)interface (ASM or FCSM) maximum of 128 parties on a p2mp connectionmaximum of 128 parties on a p2mp connection maximum of 64 components per ATM physical portmaximum of 64 components per ATM physical port 4MB of flash memory4MB of flash memory no broadcast control management like the MSSno broadcast control management like the MSS
ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)ATM LANE Service Module (LSM)
VCC resources constraints 1024 active VCCs - limit of LECs joined1024 active VCCs - limit of LECs joined 1024 p2mp connections - limit of LES-BUS instances1024 p2mp connections - limit of LES-BUS instances
Guideline: maximum of 80 LECS
each ASM using LANE can support 16 LECSeach ASM using LANE can support 16 LECS each group needs 1 LECeach group needs 1 LEC example: 8 groups per OmniSwitch X 8 OmniSwitches example: 8 groups per OmniSwitch X 8 OmniSwitches
will use 64 LECswill use 64 LECs
Pizza10 12 front-panel 10BaseT (RJ-45) ports12 front-panel 10BaseT (RJ-45) ports
Pizza10U mix-and-match up to eight front-panel daughter cardsmix-and-match up to eight front-panel daughter cards
S D
C O L -
A C T -
S T A -
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2
H S 1 H S 2 O K 1 O K 2 P S
CONSOLE
PizzaSwitch
X Y L A N
S D
H S1 H S2 OK1 O K2 PS
C O N SOLE
X Y L A N
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8CO L -
A C T -
S T A -
PizzaSw itch
Tx RxTx Rx
PizzaSwitchPizzaSwitch
PizzaSwitchPizzaSwitch
Two rear-mounted sub-modules: up to two rear-mounted, high-speed sub-modules for up to two rear-mounted, high-speed sub-modules for
FDDI, CDDI, ATM, frame relay and Fast EthernetFDDI, CDDI, ATM, frame relay and Fast Ethernet
S D
SD
RED YEL FERFALARM
CERR ACT LINK
SD
RED YEL FERFALARM
CERR ACT LINK RX TX
SD
BYPASSLINKACTWPA
THRU
RGOPWPB
RX TX RX TX
SD
RED YEL AISALARM
ACT LINK
OUT
IN
BNC
SD
RNG OPACT
RINGA LK A B LK B C LK C D LK D
S D
R X TX
S D
L IN K
A C T
W A N
TH R U
R EC V
W A N
B YP AS S
S D
S D
FDDIFDDIRR
FDDI campus networks using PizzaSwitchesFDDI campus networks using PizzaSwitches
Each user has: a dedicated Ethernet linka dedicated Ethernet link CDDI server accessCDDI server access FDDI backbone accessFDDI backbone access
RR
ATMATM
X-Cell
ATM backbone networks using PizzaSwitchesATM backbone networks using PizzaSwitches
Each user has: a dedicated Ethernet linka dedicated Ethernet link 100BaseTX server access100BaseTX server access ATM OC3 backbone accessATM OC3 backbone access
Capabilities and features one group will be bridged while additional groups are one group will be bridged while additional groups are
simultaneously trunked over the same physical portsimultaneously trunked over the same physical port
FDDI moduleFDDI module
Slot 2Port 5GP 3
XYLAN
PizzaPort
1 3 5 7 9 11
2 4 6 8 10 12
ABC
LINKSTATUSBANK A1 A2
1xA B C
3x 5x 7x 9x 11x 1x 3x 5x 7x 9x 11x 1x 3x 5x 7x 9x 11x
2x 4x 6x 8x 10x 12x 2x 4x 6x 8x 10x 12x 2x 4x 6x 8x 10x 12x XYLAN
PizzaPort
PizzaPortPizzaPort
Multi-segment port assignment concentrator four Ethernet segmentsfour Ethernet segments 36 10Base-T ports36 10Base-T ports 2 optional 10Base-FL ports2 optional 10Base-FL ports
PizzaPort featuresPizzaPort features
Four internal repeated segments assign any port to any segmentassign any port to any segment no internal connection between segmentsno internal connection between segments
LAN 1LAN 2LAN 3LAN 4
Front panel portsFront panel ports
LAN 1
LAN 2
LAN 3
PizzaSwitch
PizzaPort
PizzaPort
PizzaPort
high-speed uplink
PizzaPort featuresPizzaPort features
Network LAN switching used with PizzaSwitch or OmniSwitchused with PizzaSwitch or OmniSwitch
The OmniSwitch IntelligenceThe OmniSwitch IntelligenceThe OmniSwitch IntelligenceThe OmniSwitch Intelligence
Theory of Operation
Xylan features any-to-any switchingXylan features any-to-any switching
10M Ethernet
100M Ethernet
Token Ring
FDDI
CDDI
Frame Relay
25M ATM
34/45M ATM
155M ATM
622M ATM10
M E
ther
net
100M
Eth
erne
t
Toke
n R
ing
FDD
I
CD
DI
Fram
e R
elay
25M
ATM
34/4
5M A
TM
155M
ATM
622M
ATM
Routers can route from any port to any other…
……why shouldn’t switches switch from why shouldn’t switches switch from any port to any other?any port to any other?
OmniSwitch backplane architectureOmniSwitch backplane architecture
120Mbps Mgmt. Bus
Cell SwitchingModule
Cell SwitchingModule
Frame SwitchingModule
Frame SwitchingModule Mgmt. Processor
Firewall
HardwareRtg. Engine
Frame/CellSwitching Module
OC-12 SAR
LEC(s)
13.2Gbps Cell Matrix
960Mbps Frame Bus (VBUS)
• 960 Mbit data bus
SparcLiteprocessor
Switching ASICs CAM(s)
• Control bus
• MPM communication bus
• Cell bus Cell bus 13.2 Gbps!13.2 Gbps!
Switching module hardware componentsSwitching module hardware components
MPM II
VirtualBridge 1
(VBUS)
NSM NSM
Learning &Station
ParametersRouting
Parse
& Drivers
Management
Agent & Protocols
. . .Virtual
Bridge 2Virtual
Bridge 1Virtual
Bridge n
OmniSwitch architectureOmniSwitch architecture
All modules are interconnected by the data bus the module interconnection uses a distributed memory the module interconnection uses a distributed memory
architecture based around architecture based around FASTFAST Video RAM Video RAM
(VBUS)(VBUS)
Network switching module architectureNetwork switching module architecture
VB(i)
NI DriverHW & SW
NI DriverHW & SW
VBus DriverHW & SW
Source
Destination
VBus DriverHW & SW
VB(i)
TranslationFunction
CAM
NSM
VB(i)
NI DriverHW & SW
NI DriverHW & SW
VBus DriverHW & SW
Source
Destination
VBus DriverHW & SW
VB(i)
TranslationFunction
CAM
NSM
MPM II
TX MEMRX MEM
CPU Flash DRAM
CAM
ESM
TX MEMRX MEM
CAM
ESE
MAC MAC MAC. . .
HSMVSE
TX MEMRX MEM
CPU
CAM
CPU
I/O Sub Module
SBUS
I/O Sub Module
VBUSVBUS
Control busControl bus
VSE
CPU
VSE
OmniSwitch bus architectureOmniSwitch bus architecture
The CPUs on all modules areinterconnectedby the Control bus
Extensive ASIC developmentExtensive ASIC development
IOP ASICs
Fabric ASICs
IOP/Fabric ASICs each IOP has a dedicated 400 Mbps BUS to forward received cells each IOP has a dedicated 400 Mbps BUS to forward received cells
to destination port(s); (80Mhz clock x 5 bit parallel bus = 400Mbps)to destination port(s); (80Mhz clock x 5 bit parallel bus = 400Mbps) fabric ASIC listens on all 33 busses to receive cells on behalf of fabric ASIC listens on all 33 busses to receive cells on behalf of
local IOPslocal IOPs an OC-12c/STM-4c interface has two IOPs and two dedicated 400 an OC-12c/STM-4c interface has two IOPs and two dedicated 400
Mbps bussesMbps busses