JAMMU AND KASHMIR

KNOW YOUR STATE & UT

Location on Map of India

Image Source: Wikipedia

Basic Facts about Jammu and Kashmir

● Union territory: 31 October 2019

● Number of District : 28

● Lieutenant Governor: Girish Chandra Murmu

● High court: Jammu and Kashmir High Court

● Chief Justice: Gita Mittal

Boundaries

It lies to the north of the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh and Punjab and to

the west of Ladakh.

Image Source: Maps of India

History of Jammu and Kashmir

● The state of Jammu and Kashmir was

accorded special status by Article 370 of the

Constitution of India.

● In contrast to other states of India, Jammu

and Kashmir had its own constitution, flag

and administrative autonomy.

● The Jammu and Kashmir Reorganisation

Act, 2019 re-constituted the erstwhile state of

Jammu and Kashmir into two union territories,

Jammu and Kashmir and Ladakh, with effect

from 31 October 2019.

● जमू्म और कश्मीर राज्य को भारत के संविधान के

अनुचे्छद 370 द्वारा विशेष दजाा वदया गया था।

● भारत के अन्य राज्यों के विपरीत, जमू्म और

कश्मीर का अपना संविधान, झंडा और

प्रशासवनकस्वायत्तता थी।

● जमू्मऔर कश्मीर पुनर्गठन अवधवनयम, 2019

ने 31 अकू्टबर 2019 से प्रभािी रूप से जमू्म और

कश्मीर को दो कें द्र शावसत प्रदेशो,ं जमू्मऔर

कश्मीरऔर लद्दाख में बदल वदया।

Geography

● Jammu and Kashmir is home to several valleys such

as the Kashmir Valley, Tawi Valley, Chenab

Valley, Poonch Valley, Sind Valley and Lidder

Valley.

● K2 (Mount Godwin Austen) is the highest peak of

the state and India with altitude of 8,611 m. This

peak is second highest in the world after mount

Everest (8,648 m). This is located in Pak occupied

Kashmir and virtually under control of Pakistan.

● Jhelum river is the only major river which flows

through kashmir valley. Other major rivers flowing

through the state are Indus, Chenab, Ravi and

Tawi.

● It is home to several long glaciers- Siachen glacier

being one which is 76 Km long making it longest

Himalayan glacier.

● जमू्म और कश्मीर कई घावियों का घर है जैसे कश्मीर

घाटी, तिी घाटी, विनाब घाटी, पंुछ घाटी, वसंध घाटी

और वलद्दर घाटी।

● K2 (माउंट र्ॉडविन ऑसे्टन) 8,611 मीिर की ऊंचाई

के साथ राज्य और भारत की सबसे ऊंची चोिी है। यह

चोिी माउंि एिरेस्ट (8,648 मीटर) के बाद दुवनया में

दूसरी सबसे ऊंची है। यह पाक अवधकृत कश्मीर और

िसु्ततः पावकस्तान के वनयंत्रण में स्थथत है।

● झेलम नदी एकमात्र प्रमुख नदी है जो काश्मीर घािी से

होकर बहती है। राज्य से होकर बहने िाली अन्य प्रमुख

नवदयााँ वसंधु, विनाब, रािी और तिी हैं।

● यह कई लंबे गे्लवशयरों का घर है- वसयाविन गे्लवशयर

एक है जो 76 वकलोमीिर लंबा है और यह वहमालय का

सबसे लंबा गे्लवशयर है।

Major Dams

● Salal Dam: Chenab

● Dul Hasti Dam: Chenab

● Alchi Dam & Nimoo Bazgo Plant: Indus

● Ratle Dam: Chenab

● Kishanganga Dam: Kishanganga (Neelum)

● Uri Dam: Jhelum

● Baglihar Dam: Chenab

General Facts

● In 1587, Akbar annexed Kashmir into his vast empire.

● Jahangir, son of Akbar and next Mughal ruler, visited Kashmir 13 times and created two beautiful

gardens on the bank of Dal Lake, namely, the Shalimar Bagh and Nishat Bagh.

● After two centuries of peace and development, Kashmir came into the hands of the Pathans in 1752,

when the Afghan ruler Abdul Shah Abdali attacked this region on the request of local noblemen.

● In 1819, the Sikhs under Maharaja Ranjit Singh annexed this region, but their empire remained in

place only for 27 years.

● Economy of Jammu and Kashmir is governed by mostly Agriculture and tourism.

● Jammu and Udhampur are the main railway stations. The railway line has been extended to

Srinagar and Qazigund-Banihal in Ramban district.

General Facts

● Sericulture (silk worm farming) and Pisciculture(Fish Farming) is important economic aspect

of the state.

● Main agricultural products for which Jammu and Kashmir is known are Saffron, Apple,

Cherries, Almonds and Wall nuts.

● Main industries of Jammu & Kashmir are Handicraft, carpet, wood carving, Shawl making.

● Kashmir is famous for its “Pashmina Shawl” which is top exporting product.

● One of rare facts about Jammu and Kashmir is that this state is well known for manufacturing

of Cricket bat (Cricket Willow).

● Dogras, Gujjars and Gaddis are the important nomadic tribes of the UT.

General Facts

● Kawa, traditional green tea with spices and almond, is consumed all through the day in the

chilly winter climate of Kashmir.

● Mata Vaishno Devi is the popular religious destination which is located on Trikuta

mountains. An estimated one crore pilgrims visit this shrine every year.

● The name Srinagar means the “City of Lakshmi, the Goddess of Wealth”. It was founded

by Ashoka the Great. The present city of Srinagar was built by Pravarsena II adjoining the old

city.

Dances of Jammu and Kashmir

● Kud Dance

● Dumhal Dance

● Rouf Dance

● Bhand Pather

● Bachha Nagma

● Hafiza Dance

● Bhand Jashan

● Bacha Nagma

● Wuegi-Nachun

● City Forest (Salim Ali) National Park

● Dachigam National Park

● Hemis National Park

● Kishtwar National Park

Important National Park and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Jammu

and Kashmir

● Baltal-Thajwas Wildlife Sanctuary

● Changthang Cold Desert Wildlife

Sanctuary

● Gulmarg Wildlife Sanctuary

● Hirapora Wildlife Sanctuary

● Hokersar Wildlife Sanctuary

● Jasrota Wildlife Sanctuary

● Karakoram (Nubra Shyok) Wildlife

Sanctuary

Important National Park and Wildlife Sanctuaries in Jammu

and Kashmir

● Lachipora Wildlife Sanctuary

● Limber Wildlife Sanctuary

● Nandini Wildlife Sanctuary

● Overa Aru Wildlife Sanctuary

● Rajparian Wildlife Sanctuary

● Ramnagar Rakha Wildlife

Sanctuary

● Surinsar Mansar Wildlife

Sanctuary

● Trikuta Wildlife Sanctuary

Famous Places of Jammu and Kashmir

● Chasme Shahi is a famous Mughal Garden built around a natural spring in Kashmir. It

was built by Shah Jahan in 1632 who is also nick named as Mughal Architect. Shah

Jahan gifted this to Dara Shikoh, his elder son.

● The Beautiful Dal Lake: Dal Lake is considered as iconic symbol of Sri Nagar city.

● Shankaracharya Temple

● Hari Parbat Fort & Temple of Sharika Devi

● Kheer Bhawani

● Martand

● Awantipur

● Chhatti Padshahi Gurudwara

GI Tags of Jammu and Kashmir

● Pashmina

● Hand-Knotted Carpet

● Papier Mache

● Walnut Wood Carving

● Kashmir’s Saffron

Famous persons of Jammu and Kashmir

● lla Rakha Khan – the notable tabla player was born in Paghwal . He is the father of yet another

tabla maestro Ustad Zakir Hussain.

● Pandit Shiv Kumar Sharma – is the eminent Santoor player born in Jammu. This is to note that

Santoor is an indigenous musical instrument of Jammu and Kashmir.

● Jeevan – the famous bollywood actor who is known for his negative roles in old hindi films was born

in Srinagar. His real name was Omkar Nath Dar.

● Vidhu Vinod Chopra – the eminent Director cum Producer of Bollywood film industry was born in

Kashmir. He is well known for producing the mega blockbuster films like Muuna Bhai MBBS, 3 Idiots

and PK.

● Kiran Kumar – the famous hindi films actor whose real name is Deepak Dar was born in Srinagar.

● Ghulam Rasool Santosh – is the important Kashmiri painter born in Srinagar.

● Shamma Jain – the Indian diplomat and ambassador to Panama (incumbent presently in NDA

government) was born in Jammu.

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