James MonroeBy: Abby Baniel

Profile Born on April 28th, 1758 in

Westmoreland County, Virginia Fought under Washington & studied

law with Jefferson Elected the 5th president in 1817Served as President from 1817-1825

◦Known as the “Era of Good Feelings” Wave of Nationalism swept nation following the

war of 1812

The Third President from the Democratic Republican Party

Campaign & Election Results

Election of 1816◦ When Republicans in Congress caucused to choose their presidential

nominee, they selected Monroe by a vote of 65 to 54

◦ He was respected as the "last framer" of the Constitution, even though he had opposed its ratification.

◦ Monroe ended up winning a majority of electoral votes in sixteen states: Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Vermont, and Virginia. King won only three states: Connecticut, Delaware, and Massachusetts. The total Electoral College vote came in at 183 for Monroe and 34 for Rufus King.

Election of 1820◦ Only one of the electors, Governor William Plumer of New Hampshire, did

not vote for Monroe, casting a vote for Secretary of State John Quincy Adams instead.

PresidencyThe Panic of 1819The Erie CanalLand Act of 1820 Five States admitted to Union

◦Mississippi, Illinois, Alabama, Maine, Missouri

Monroe DoctrineMissouri Compromise

Domestic & Foreign AffairsDomestic Affairs:

◦ Americans were feelings optimistic◦ The booming economy allowed Monroe to turn

his attention to domestic issues◦ He was personable, popular and wanted to help

all regions of the countryForeign Affairs

◦ Wanted to improve country’s international reputation and assert its independence

◦ Convention of 1818: fixed US-Canadian border from MN to Rocky Mountains at 49th parallel. Established a joint US-British occupation of Oregon for

10 years

Supreme Court CasesDartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)

◦Main Idea: NH wanted to alter college’s charter to be changed from private to public.

◦Verdict: Marshall ruled that the original charter must stand because altering required consent of both parties

McCulloh v. Maryland (1819)◦Main Idea: Division of power between

federal gov’t and states◦Verdict: ruled with McCulloh and

strengthened federal authority and the implied powers of Congress

The Monroe DoctrineWarned European powers not to

interfere in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere

US would not tolerate colonization monarchs

1865: used when US gov’t exerted diplomatic and military pressure in support of Mexican President

1962: used when the Soviet Union began to build missile-launching sites in Cuba

Monroe Doctrine Videohttp://www.youtube.com/watch?

v=vaHJ11A5lII&feature=related

Success or Failure? Great advocate of nationalismForeign policy: put the nation on

an independent course, no longer tied to European policy

Successful conduct of foreign policy strengthened the presidency