Jama 100 Years Ago

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    INTERNALIZED

    SEXISM IN MEDICINEJanice Werbinski, MD, FACOG

    Immediate Past PresidentAmerican College of Womens Health

    PhysiciansAssociate Clinical Professor

    Michigan State University

    College of Human Medicine

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    Internalized Sexism in

    MedicineHistorical Quotes from JAMA

    Quotes from ColleaguesCase Presentation

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    JAMA 100 Years Ago

    1892;19:36-37

    Impairment of the Voice, in Female Singers,

    Due to Diseased Sexual Organs

    That there is this intimate connection between the

    nerves of the uterus and those of the larynx, as

    above claimed, I am positive of, for I have time

    and again witnessed their reflex action onseveral of my patients.

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    JAMA 100 Years Ago

    1891;16(24):837-839

    It is but logical to conclude that the voice, heart,

    brain and other troubles were dependent upon

    that of the womb or the ovaries. a very largepercentage of the neurosis are dependent upon

    local disease within the pelvishysteria, or

    melancholia or insanity, both alike dependent

    upon pelvic neurosis, which fact goes to proveconclusively the interdependence between

    gynecology and neurology.

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    JAMA 100 Years Ago

    Charles P. Noble, M.D.

    1893;21:410-415The principal causes of the diseases of women

    are:

    1. Imperfect development of the sexual organs

    2. Gonorrhea

    3. Septic inflammation following childbirth

    4. Lacerations due to childbirth5. Miscellaneous causes, including constipation,

    erroneous habits of life, and errors of dress

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    JAMA 100 Years Ago

    George H. Rohe, M.D.

    1893;21:325

    LACTATIONAL INSANITY

    Dr. Bevan Lewis regards the exhaustion and

    sequelae of labor, and defective uterineinvolution as important etiologic factors,especially in the earlier cases of lactationalinsanity. It appears that the local pelvic

    irritations acting upon the central organ (brain)are active, both as determining the duration aswell as the course of mental disorder.

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    JAMA 100 Years Ago

    1898;30:269-271

    SHENCKS THEORY OF SEX DETERMINATION

    paternal superiority determines the superiormale sex. That paternal nutrition aids in

    determining this superiority, and finally that whilethe mother is of an inferior sex, her goodnutrition aids in determining the superior maleoffspring

    Fortunately, enthusiastic oophorectomists arerendering sterile no small number of femaleneurotics, thus lending potent assistance to thesurvival of the fittest pelvic organs..

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    For Her Own Good: 150 Years ofthe Experts Advice to Women

    English B, NY Anchor Press, Doubleday, 1978

    In 1873, Dr. Edward H. Clarke wrote in amedical text that Higher education would

    cause womens uteruses to atrophy.