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Jalta Conference Eurasian Vector of Development: Problems and Perspective
Jalta – 16-20 October 2012
EURASIAN INTEGRATION AS A NEW CLUSTERIN A CHANGING WORLD
Theoretical and Operational Aspects
Tiberio GrazianiIsAG – Istituto di Alti Studi in Geopolitica e Scienze Ausiliarie
Institute for Advanced Studies in Geopolitics and Auxiliary SciencesRome – Italy
Theoretical
New Geo-economic / Geopolitical Clusters
The emergence of new geo-economic and geopolitical clusters at global level such as BRICS, Eurasian Union,
ASEAN, UNASUR oblige the observers to reconsider their analytical apparatus of the XX Century (by now obsolete), in order to deeply understand the whole world process and better interpret the upcoming multipolar scenario. The geopolitical transformations are influencing also the traditional perspectives and the so far known geopolitical paradigms. A new continentalist (and or macro-regionalist) approach seems to be more and more appropriate for understanding the world framework.
Theoretical
New Geo-economic / geopolitical clusters vs National interest
The “national approach” (in operational terms, the national interest perspective) has to be reconsidered within the wider geopolitical entity (macro-region, subcontinent, continent).
The National aspiration as a element for the cohesion of the wider geopolitical entity.
Theoretical
New Geo-economic / geopolitical clusters Toward a new geopolitical paradigm
Criticism of:
•a) centre-periphery model•b) networking model•c) multi-centre model
Theoretical
GEOPOLITICAL SHIFTUNI-MULTIPOLAR TRANSITION
New tensions
Fragmentation (conservative trend) vs Clustering/Integration (emerging trend)
Theoretical
GEOPOLITICAL SHIFTUNI-MULTIPOLAR TRANSITION
•New tensionsFragmentation (conservative trend) geopolitical Approach (FA)Based on Praxis – on long Theoretical sedimentation (e.g. arches of crisis; clash of Civilizations)
Clustering/Integration geopolitical Approach (IA) on macro-region or continent basis is in progress (lack of theory – theory in construction)
Theoretical
GEOPOLITICAL SHIFTUNI-MULTIPOLAR TRANSITION
•New tensionsFragmentation (conservative trend) geopolitical Approach (FA) - charactersArches of crisis; Alash of Civilizations)
Clustering/Integration geopolitical Approach (IA)charactersHinge; Common cultural substrate – Dialogue of Civilizations
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
•The new macro-aggregates geopolitical define, in some respects (mainly economic, demographic, geo-cultural), the feature of the New Multipolar Order.
We must reflect on the type of Multipolarity We want.
Some aspects to be considered:
Security
Geo-culture
Geopolitic
Law
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
With regard to security:priority is the study of the protection of geo-strategic interests of large spaces (macro-regional, subcontinental, continental).
This implies a rethinking of the systems of military (and diplomatic) alliances currently in force.
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
In relation to the geo-cultural aspects We must reflect on the "spiritual unity of cultures" in order to define the criteria and the appropriate practices to be adopted for the creation of an authentic and harmonious coexistence between different peoples;criteria based on the preservation of different identities and, above all - from the particular point of view of geopolitics - on the membership of different people to a common destiny.
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
Geopolitics and management of Public Affairs
We must take into account that, in the framework of the new multipolar order, geopolitics will extended its field of investigation, which, in addition to the "construction" of possible geopolitical scenarios and the definition of appropriate guidelines to implement them, will also include the definition of proposals and "policies" in order to manage the macro-regional or continental interests.
Theoretical
MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM
From International Law …Towards a…Multipolar Law
Each “geopolitica era" has always expressed its law designed to regulate relations between the various geo-political entities.In the era of multipolarity is therefore important to identify the elements which could constitute the backbone of the new right
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
In order the Eurasian integration will be effective, we need to identify priority actions to be put in place. These include: trade; mobility infrastructures; finance; research and technology; security; diplomacy; culture and education.
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Facilitation of trade among the Euro-Asian components
Establishment of Eurasian Agency for the development of the processes of standardization and certification of goods and products. European Union - Eurasian Union Joint Commission for the processes of standardization and certification processes of goods and products.
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Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Infrastructures for mobilityImplementation and development of common infrastructure related to the mobility of people and goods in the Euro-Asian space.
Definitions of "Eurasian" regulations in terms of mobility.
Construction and development of "points of contact and exchange" (FTAreas) between the Eurasian Union and the European Union. .
Operational
EURASIAN INTEGRATION
Financial infrastructure
Evolution of Eurasian Development Bank in financial infrastructure for the different Euro-Asian components (including the European Union).Procedures for the construction of Eurasian Stock Excjange
WTORaise awareness among the European media on whether the entry of countries such as Belarus and Kazakhstan to the WTO.
OperationalEURASIAN INTEGRATION
Search: creation of the Eurasian Space of Science and TechnologyResearch and technology are one of the most incisive element for the expansion of geopolitical spaces. Within the Eurasian Area the creation of a common space of research and technology is prioryti. The road map as follows:- Strengthening of scientific/technology contacts between Belarus, Russia and Kazakhstan;- Implementation of relations in the field of research and technology, between the Eurasian Union, Ukraine, India, China, Japan and the European Union.It is necessary to establish a digital platform dedicated to Eurasian Space Science and Technology
OperationalEURASIAN INTEGRATION
Security PolicyNeed to prepare a Securuty device to protect the entire Eurasian landmass;Raise awareness among the European media enlargement of the UN Security Council to countries such as Kazhkstan, and European countries such as Italy (Mediterranean Area – Central Asia Area).Repositioning of NATO in coherence with others Partnerships such as Russia -NATO, CSTO, SCO, etc.
OperationalEURASIAN INTEGRATION
Eurasian Diplomacy
Need for consistency of the Eurasian "diplomacy" in order to resolve the ongoing tensions for the strategical stability of the Continent.
OperationalEURASIAN INTEGRATION
Culture and EducationRenonce of self-views (eg Euro-centric – Russian-centric – Sino-centric etc.).Overcome national egoism; reconcile the legitimate national aspirations in view of the Eurasian cohesion.Establishment of aEuro-Asian Agency for the development of culture and education.The priorities of the Agency should be:- Creation and development of Think Tanks aimed at Eurasian integration;- The establishment and development of Euro-Asian Polytechnics;- Creation and development of appropriate Centers dedicated to solidarist economy.
OperationalEURASIAN INTEGRATION
Regarding the steps for accompanying the above outlined, it is necessary:
Developing dialogue between the different Eurasian Nations;
- Deepen the relations between Eurasian Union and BRICS Countries ;
- Engage a new dialogue between the Eurasian countries and the European Union.
Thank you for your kind attention
Tiberio GrazianiIsAG – Istituto di Alti Studi in Geopolitica e Scienze
AusiliarieInstitute for Advanced Studies in Geopolitics and
Auxiliary SciencesRome – Italy
