JAINISM

The JainsRachelle Berry

Steve LopezLorena PatinoGloria Garcia

Overview

One of the oldest religions dating to 500BCE

No founder, the truth is shown through tirthankara (teacher or fordmakers)

Sacred or religious texts 14 Purvas

4 million followers and around 100,000 in America

Rachelle Berry

Beliefs and Principles of Jainism

Religious Tolerance Anekantvad – multiple view

points Ethical Purity Harmony between self and

one's environment Spiritual contentment

Goal of Jainism is to strive for ‘Moksha’ or Liberation from unending cycles of birth, death and re-birth and to become a 'Jina’

. Michelle Wichlac

Tirthankaras Those who rediscover and preach

Jainism Not deities but rather are pure souls that

have awakened divine qualities within themselves

There are 24 in each era Last tirthankara Mahavira (Most

Caorageous one)

Rachelle Berry

Right faith and right knowledge are required for right conduct, and all are interdependent.

Three jewels to achieve Moksha: Right Perception• Seeing the true nature of every substance of the

universe Right Knowledge• Knowledge that the soul and body are separate and

that the soul, not the body attains the salvation Right Conduct• Our actions should be void of attachment and

hatred

THREE PATHS TO MOKSHA (LIBERATION)

Michelle Wichlac

RAJ Lok’

Rachelle Berry

5 Great Vows

1. Ahimsa• Non-violence

2. Satya• Truth

3. Asteya• Non-stealing

4. Brahmacharya• Celibacy/Chastity

5. Aparigraha• Non-attachment/Non-

possession Michelle Wichlac

Monks and Nuns

Monastic'sShvetambaras: white robes Digambaras (sky-clad): no clothing

Layman-non expert but influenced by those practicing Jain ascetism

Michelle Wichlac

6 Modes of Livelihood

Designated as “respectable” livelihoods

by Jaina teachers

GovernmentWriting Farming The Arts

CommerceVarious Crafts

Michelle Wichlac

Similarities Between Jainism & Hinduism

Geographical Distribution Most of their followers reside in India

Concept of karma Life’s purpose is Moksha

Transcendental Migration Kaliu Yuga

The Corruption Age Human civilization degenerates spiritually

Vegetarianism for Ahisma Divinity is within all of us

Rachelle Berry

The world was created by an All Supreme God

Worship gods Purpose of

worshiping is to attain desired objects.

Only Gods may attain salvation.

The world is eternal Worship those great

ones who have realized their high ideal

Purpose of worshiping is to follow ideals

Salvation is the right of the human beings only

Differences Between Jainism & Hinduism

Steve Lopez

Jainism vs. Hinduism

Karma invisible power.

Liberated soul eternal

happiness in heaven or joins Brahman.

Practices niyoga sati

Karma: sticks to the soul

The soul after liberation the loka (universe)

Don’t agree with Caste system Animal sacrifices

Steve Lopez

Jainism and Time

Jain time is cyclical moving through stages.

Progressive time cycle (Utsarpinis) Regressive time cycle (Avsarpinis) Utsarpini and Avsarpini divided into 6

unequal stages (aras). Jains believe we are in 5th Ara of

Avsarpini phase.

Lorena Patino

Jain time continued

Humanity develops from worst to its best: ethics progress Happiness strength health religion

Utsarpini half cycle Avsarpini half cycle

Humanity deteriorates from best to worst: ethics progress Happiness Strength Religion Health

Lorena Patino

Lorena Patino

Cosmic cycle Six ascending eras

happiest times Jinas teach the dharma in the 3rd or 4th eras

Six descending eras miserable times We are currently in the 5th descending era

Jinas teach the dharma in the 3rd or 4th eras equal mix of happiness and sadness

too happy, people will not have the desire for Moksha, era is in great despair, the tirthankara will not be recognized

Moksha can only be achieved when there is a mixture of happiness and sadness

Rachelle Berry

Jain Cosmos

The universe is infinite has no beginning or end

Exists as series of layers The Supreme Abode The Upper World The Middle World The Lower World The base

Death may mean being reborn in another physical appearance, suffering punishment or joining liberated souls in highest level of heaven. Lorena

Patino

Base Lorena Patino

Civil Rights and Peace Movements

Ahimsa Karma Universal Brotherhood,Equality Vanaprasth-Ashrama

Gloria Garcia

Civil Rights Leaders Who Have Shown Jain influences

Gandhi Gujarat

Martin Luther King Jr.

Gloria Garcia

Civil Rights Movements

Civil Rights Race Gender Class

Gloria Garcia

Which one’s are not part of the 5 Great Vows?

A. Brahmacharya & Aparigra

B. Moksha & Karma  

C.  Satya & Ahimsa

Michelle Wichlac

What is a Similarity between Hinduism and Jainism A. Karma is a matter that sticks to the

soul

B. They believe in transmigration of the Soul until Liberation

C. Most of their members reside in the United States

Rachelle Berry

Is Jainism:

A. Monotheistic

B. Polytheistic

C. Atheistic

Rachelle Berry

Which of the 5 Great Vows influenced MLK?A. Moksha

B. Karma

C. Ahimsa

Rachelle Berry

How many Tirthankaras are there in this era?A. 100

B. 3

C. 24

Rachelle Berry

Works Cited"Gallery of Jain Art." Department of Mathematics & Statistics @ McMaster University. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.math.mcmaster.ca/peter/katie/jain/gallery.html>.

"Gandhi and Jainism." Somacon Weblog. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.somacon.com/p118.php>.

"JAINISM." ReligiousTolerance.org by the Ontario Consultants on Religious Tolerance. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.religioustolerance.org/jainism.htm>.

"JAINISM A Religion Of Non-Violence : "Ahimsa Parmo Dharam"." JainOutlook. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <www.jainoutlook.com/14rajlok.php>.

"Jainism." Understanding World Religions. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.pujas.com/Jainism-History.html>.

"Jainism." Jainism. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.jainism.co.nr>.

"Jainism." The Divine Life Society. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.dlshq.org/religions/jainism.htm>.

"Jainism ." Religious Movements. University of Virginia , 1 Apr. 1923.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <web.archive.org/web/20060829152019/religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/jainism.html>.

"Jainism Simplified." Theory of Karma. University of Michigan, n.d.

Web. 9 Oct. 2010. <www.umich.edu/~umjains/jainismsimplified/chapter08.html>.

"Jainism: Definition from Answers.com." Answers.com: Wiki Q&A combined with free online dictionary, thesaurus, and encyclopedias. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.answers.com/topic/jainism>.

"Kanchipuram On The Web." Temples. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.geocities.com/~kanchipuram/temples/jain.html>.

"Number 5 in Jainism." Meaning of Numbers. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <http://www.mysticalnumbers.com/Number_5_in_Jainism.html>.

"Path Of Liberation." Jainism. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Oct. 2010.

<http://web.archive.org/web/20060621180907/www.angelfire.com/co/jainism/liberatn.html>.

SF Gate. "COMMEMORATING MARTIN LUTHER KING JR.." SF Gate. N.p., n.d.

Web. 10 Oct. 2010. <articles.sfgate.com/2003-01-20/opinion/17474454_1_nonviolence-philosophy-king >.

Shah, Pravin . " Five Great Vows (Maha-vratas)." Sacred Texts. Jain Study Center of North Carolina, n.d. Web. 9 Oct. 2010.

<www.sacred-texts.com/jai/5vows.txt>.

http://www.jainworld.com/education/seniors/senles16.htm