JAA PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14-16Apr04 1 Update on JAA Safety Strategy Initiative NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14-16 April 2004 P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire

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PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14-16Apr04 1

Update onJAA Safety Strategy Initiative

NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14-16 April 2004

P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire JSSI CoordinatorJAA Regulation Division

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CONTENTS

• Introduction• JSSI framework• JSSI update on results• Conclusion• Perspective

List of Acronyms

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INTRODUCTION

• JSSI-CAST cooperation

• Change in Europe– JAA-EASA transition– EU expansion

• Debriefing JSSI– general state of play– update since September 2003

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

JAA OVERALL OBJECTIVE

The Joint Aviation Authorities aim at continuous improvement of their effective safety system leading to further reduction of the annual number of accidents and fatalities irrespective of the growth of air traffic

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

•Aim– continuously improve JAA safety system – reduce annual accident rate

•Scope -- Large Transport Aeroplanes operated

in Commercial Air Transportation•Focused safety agenda with deliverables•Partnership, cooperation, open communication,

implementation•Structured approach, complementary to FAA

– Historic CAST leading– Predictive JSSI leading

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JSSI FRAMEWORK ORGANIZATION

CAST RS Steering Committee

Runway Safety WG

FAA JAA EUROCONTROL

JSSI Steering Group

Design Related WG

Occupant Safety & Survivability WG

Runway Safety Task Force

Occurrence Data Analysis Specs WG

Future Aviation Safety Team

Action Plan TeamCFIT, ALA, LOC

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JSSI FRAMEWORK JAA CONSULTATION PROCESS

JSSI working groups

JSSI Steering Group

Implementation Action Plans through member states’ NAA

JAA Sectorial Teams

Operations

EASA << CertificationEASA << Maintenance

LicensingRegulations

JAA Committee

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

HISTORIC APPROACH

• Identify focus areas

• Prioritise focus areas: fatalities

• Analyse representative accidents sample set to recommend interventions

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JSSI FRAMEWORK – HISTORIC APPROACH

FOCUS AREAS• Controlled Flight Into Terrain*)• Approach and Landing*)• Loss of Control*)• Design related• Weather*)• Occupant Safety and Survivability• Runway Safety*)• Occurrence Data Analysis• Turbulence *) being considered

*) common with CAST

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JSSI FRAMEWORK

PREDICTIVE APPROACH• Reason

– Future may not be direct extrapolation of past: changes– Many accidents are related to situations not envisaged by

the assumptions made when designing

• Focused Methodology– From Changes to Hazards (inherent & due to interactions)

to Interventions

• Future Aviation Safety Team (FAST)

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JSSI update CFIT/ALA/LoC

• CFIT 8 Action Plans endorsed by JAAC

• ALA 4 Action Plans endorsed by JAAC1 Action Plan in APT for re-planning

• LoC 5 Action Plans endorsed by JAAC4 Action Plans in OST having RIA1 Action Plan on hold

All Action Plans are based on those from CAST adapted to European needs/context

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JSSI update CFIT Action Plans

ENDORSED by JAAC

• TAWS implementation• ATC CFIT training• Precision-like approach implementation• Flight Crew training in CFIT prevention• Crew Resources Management training• Standard Operating Procedures• Minimum Safe Altitude Warning• Flight Data Monitoring

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JSSI update ALA Action Plans

ENDORSED by JAAC• Flight Crew Training• Flight Deck Equipment Upgrade/ Installation• Aircraft Design• Approach and Landing Safety Culture

RE-PLANNING by APT• Maintenance Procedures

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JSSI update CFIT/ALA

Schedule revised• TAWS actions basically done, ICAO CFIT Training

Tool on JAA website• status check Aug 2002: less covered than expected• consequences discussed. Action Plans were:

re-prioritised at JSSI APT meeting, Nov 02 re-planned in close cooperation with Ops Division finalized and approved by JSSI StG, May 03 approved by OST, Oct03 fully endorsed by JAAC, Feb04

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JSSI update LoC Action Plans

ENDORSED by JAAC• Flight Envelope Protection• Vertical Situation Displays• Auto-flight• Icing• Displays & Alerting systems

REGULATORY IMPACT ASSESSMENT by OST• Advance Maneuver• HF & Automation• SOP• Operational procedures

ON HOLD• Risk management

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JSSI update LoC Action Plans

SCHEDULE• Advance Maneuver, HF & Automation, SOP,

Operational procedures submitted to OST Mar04 request for Regulatory Impact Assessment

• Risk managementon hold pending discussions with FAA on CPS

• Flight envelope protection, Vertical Situation Displays, Auto-flight*), Icing*), Displays & Alerting systems*)endorsed by JAAC Feb04

*) rely on harmonization work: NPA on Icing; Auto-flight prepared

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JSSI update DESIGN RELATED

LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS• Final report delivered Jan 2002

– ToR for harmonization on Tyre/Wheel Burst– Proposal to further investigate interface

Certification - Maintenance– Proposal to further investigate concept of

“Deep Treatment of Anomalies/Precursors”• Follow-up

– DTA/Precursors by ODAS WG in 2003– Need for coordination with EASA since Jan 2004

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JSSI update OSS

LITTLE ACTION/PROGRESS

JSSI StG established OSS working group in 2000• Draft report issued and presented to OST Sep 02

– RecommendationsUnruly passenger, Quality of Cargo handling, Crew training/drills, Cabin Crew/Passenger communication, Effectiveness of seat belts, Seat/floor attachment

– ToR for Harmonisation: Holistic approach to evacuation – Research proposals

On-board load & balance system, Smoking in toilets, Framework for data exchange

• Issue Final report originally planned Jan03, postponed until further notice

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JSSI update WEATHER

• Joining CAST Remaining Risk JSATOriginally named Weather JSAT and planned

to start Sep02, put on hold until scope expanded with remaining areas of risk not covered yet

• Started July 2003One JSSI representative participating(from industry & only European participant)

• Risk areas:Ground Icing/De-icing, Mid-Air collision, Cargo shift, Maintenance/System malfunction

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JSSI update ODAS

Occurrence Data Analysis SpecsWorking Group established by JSSI StG, Jan 2003• Produced data users’ functional specifications

document for ECCAIRS:

Safety Performance Monitoring, Precursor Detection, Deep Treatment, Risk Assessment/Classification, JSSI/CAST Standard Problem Statements, Standard Results

• Authorities and Interested Parties participated including FAA, Boeing and Airbus

• Final report presented to ECCAIRS StC, Nov 2003 accepted by JSSI StG, March 2004

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JSSI RUNWAY SAFETY

Joint Task Force of

JAA, EUROCONTROL, ICAO-Europe and GASR:• Started 2001, published Safety Letter, gathered data:

Questionnaires, Interviews, Data Banks

• Findings led to conclusion:

RUNWAY INCURSION IS A MAJOR ISSUE…..

• Follow-up actions: Drafted strategic plan Proposed areas for improvement Made initial recommendations Held RS Workshop, EUROCONTROL, Sep 2002

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JSSI RUNWAY SAFETY

Conclusion of RS Workshop 9-10 Sep 2002

START KEY REMEDIAL ACTIONS

• Set up RS programme at aerodrome level• Pursue European co-operation• Further develop TF/Workshop recommendations• Stop Task Force, set up Working Group with

Steering Committee to monitor/steer implementation

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JSSI RUNWAY SAFETY

RS Working Group• Established Sep 02• Drafted Terms of References of WG and StC• Proposed StC membership: directors level JAA, GASR,

EUROCONTROL, ICAO, IATA, ACI, IFATCA, IFALPA, a.o.

• Selected Runway Incursions as first priority• Drafted recommendations, developed into an

Action Plan, issued Apr 03:

European Action Plan forthe Prevention of Runway Incursions

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JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY

European AP for the Prevention of RI• Reviewed by RS StC Feb03 and member bodies • Endorsed by EUROCONTROL, GASR, JAA Apr-Oct03• Printed copies + CD + EUROCONTROL website

www.eurocontrol.int/safety/runwayincursion.htm• Oct03 RS StC feed-back: implementation too slow !!!

Remedial actions taken, urging ICAO for global RI def, tasking RS WG

• Nov03 RS WG

Start updating schedule, develop RS Awareness CD, further dissemination AP, watch new technologies

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JSSI update RUNWAY SAFETY

European AP for the Prevention of RI

Outcome meetings RS WG and StC Jan/Feb04• Implementation status EAPPRI

– reach small aerodromes: advertise in media

• RS Awareness CD presented & approved• ICAO proposals

– global RI definition– merge RS initiatives USA+Europe+Australia

• Technology watch report– Situational Awareness– Collision Avoidance Systems

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JSSI update Future Aviation Safety Team

• PHASE I, Oct 1999 - Sep 2000– Methodology established– 157 AoC affecting the Aviation System identified

• PHASE II, Sep 2000 - Jul 2001– Top 20 Areas of Change selected using AHP method

– Focus top 2 : Crew reliance on Flight Deck Automation

New concepts for Airspace Management

• PHASE III, Oct 2001 - Jan 2003

– Focused Analysis of FDA

Outputs: Safety considerations for future FDA

Validation of FAST

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JSSI update FAST

TOP #1 Area of ChangeCrew reliance on Flight Deck Automation• 6 topics analysed, selected from top 23 by

voting, looking at current or future hazards: – Situational Awareness Displays– FMS– CRM– Navigation Using Terrain Recognition– Fully Automated Flight– CNS/ATM free flight

• 34 interactions selected out of 157 by voting

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JSSI update FAST

REPORT ON PHASE III• Containing: - vision of future automation

- list of principal automation hazards- recommendations & follow-up- future work

• Final draft presented to JSSI StG, Jan03• Issue #10 accepted by JSSI StG, Jan04

only as basis for development of top #2 AoC:New concepts for Airspace Management

• Next aim in support of top #2 AoC:- contributions from EUROCONTROL and CAST- JAAC endorsement and funding

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JSSI CONCLUSION

• Structured activities, focused safety agenda• Full coordination with CAST-EUROCONTROL-ICAO-FSF• JSSI in JAA Business Plan• Resources scarce = stiff prioritisation = careful planning• Results

Most CFIT/ALA/LoC Action Plans endorsed by JAAC Runway Safety initiative gained momentum fulfilled practical user needs ECCAIRS OSS and DR Action Plans lag behind Weather AP development started by joining CAST Future hazards identified/prioritised, recommendations made

• Prepared for JSSI transfer to EASA

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JSSI PERSPECTIVE

• Implementation of Action Plans in European states– EU expanding + EASA = increasing complexity:

mix of members & non-members of EU, JAA, EASA– EASA will be instrumental in joining forces

• EASA– recognized need for strategic safety planning, asked

JAA to continue until further notice– focused on organization build-up right now, JAA

expecting first discussions mid-2004• Safety initiatives spreading worldwide

– JSSI status change from “one of few” to “one of many”

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JSSI AcronymsAHP Analytical Hierarchy ProcessALA Approach and LandingAoC Area of Change (in the Aviation System)APT Action Plan TeamATC(O) Air Traffic Control(ler)CAST Commercial Aviation Safety TeamCFIT Controlled Flight Into TerrainCNS/ATM Communications, Navigation, Surveillance/Air Traffic ManagementCPS Commercial Airplane Certification Process Study

EAPPRI European Action Plan for the Prevention of Runway Incursions

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JSSI Acronyms

ECCAIRS European Coordination Centre for Aviation Incident Reporting System

FAST Future Aviation Safety TeamFMS Flight Management SystemGASR Group of Airport Safety RegulatorsJAAC JAA CommitteeLoC Loss of ControlNPA Notice of Proposed AmendmentODAS Occurrence Data Reporting Specification

OSS Occupant Safety & SurvivabilityOST Operations Sectorial Team (JAA)RIA Regulatory Impact AssessmentToR Terms of Reference (= Charter)

Documents

JAA PHdeSA/NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14-16Apr04 1 Update on JAA Safety Strategy Initiative NARAST meeting, Kunming, 14-16 April 2004 P.H. (Dick) de Saint-Aulaire