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WORLD H~U.TH ORGANIZJ~ TIO N
REGIONl~L COMMITTEE
Sixth Session Singapore 13-19 September 1955
SUPPLE111ENTARY LIST OF PROJECTS
RffiiONii.L OFFICE FOR THE w:ESTER.l\J Pi:.CIFIC
l;lP/RC6/5 Add. 1 8 September 1955
ORIGINAL: H'iJ'GLISH
~he estimated costs and narratives for a number of projects, details of which are given in an attachment to this document, were not included in either the regular programme for 1957 or in the proposed Technical Assistance estimates for 1956 for the following reasons:
(a) some requests arrived after the regular programme for 1957 had been completed and distributed to governments;
(b) other projects tentatively agreed upon between the governments and the Regional Office were not included in the consolidated country requests; and
(c) all elements of a project could not be accommodated within the regional allecation,
If there should ~e savings within the country totals under the Technical Assistance programme, or if regular savings should become available in 1956 or 1957, it may prove possible to implement a number ~f those projects.
In order to facilitate action should additional funds become available the Committee may wish to follow the procedure recommended during tho fourth and fifth sessions and authorize the Regional Director to establish priorities. The follo~ing draft resolution is therefore submitted for consideration of the Committee:
Tho Regional Committee,
Having reviewed the Supplementary List of Projects contained in the addendum to doc~ont ~~/RC6/5, Proposed frogrammo and Budget ~stimatos;
WF/RC6/5,· Add~ 1 Page 2
. AGREES that the projects should be considered part of the regional programme and should . therefore be forwarded to the Director-General for submission to the.iocecutive Board and the World Health Assembly;
REAFFIRMS the authority given to the Regional Director at the fourth and fifth sessions (WP/RC4/R6, ~/RC4/Rl2 and 1rJP/RC5.R7) to establish priorities in 1956 and 1957; and
REQUESTS the Regional Director to implement as many as possible of the projects in the Supplementary List from savings in the regular budget and from additional Technical Assistance FUnds which may b~come available within the country target figures or .for regiol1al: and inter-regional programmes.
Number . of.
Posts
1
]._
--
--
--
Page 1
SUPPLEh~NTARY PROGRAMME (to be implemented to the extent that funds are made available)
CAiViBODIA
Tuberculosis Tuberculosis control Cambodia 7 Fellowships
TOTAL - CAlV!BODIA
CHINA
Tube rculos is Short-term consultant China 17 Fellowship
Venereal diseases and treponematoses r:hina I Fellowships
Public Health Administration ET-10 Fellowships
Nursing China 6 Fellowships
TOTAL - CHINA
FIJI
Other Projects Fellov.ships (Educational assistance Fiji 2
projects Central Medical School) TOTAL - FIJI
HONG KONG
Tuberculosis ET-10 Fellowships
Nursing ET-10 Fellowships
TOTAL - HONGKONG
JAPAN
Endemo-epidemic diseases ET-10 ·Fellowships ( C ommun ica ble diseases control)
Mental health E'I-10 Fellowships
TOTAL - JAPAN
Cost estimates us $
6 ,727 9 ,000 15z 727
lhl~
7, 800 5 .5 00 13,300
29,000 29,000
16,500 16,500
18,000 18,000 76,-800
2 1soo 2,800
--.k.W
_2,600 5,~0
~,200 J~OO lO,lOO
1~200 3,500
4,000 ..Ju.OOO :z ,;200
--
L k
-:!...
KOP.EA
Mental Health Fellowships
LAOS
nursing Fellowships
MALAYA
Tuberculf'sis Short-term consultants
Nutrition Social anthropologist
TOTAL - MALAYA
NETHERLANDS NEV~ GUINEA
Public· health administration Fellowships
Maternal and child health Fellowships
Environmental sanitation t·'e llowships
TOI'AL - NETHERLANDS NEW GUINEA
PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA
W~laria and insect cbntrol Fellowships
Tubercul~sis Fellowships
Public health administration Fellowships
TOTAL - PAPUA AND NEW GUINEA
H!ILIPPINES
ET-10
ET-10
Malaya 10
Malaya 12
ET-10
ET-10
ET-10
ET-10
ET-10
ET-10
Venereal diseases and treponematoses ET-10 Fellowships
.Public health administration ET-10 Fellowships (nentai health projects)
Maternal and child health ET-10 Fellowships (Obstetrics and gynaecology)
Environmental sanitation Fellowships
Philippines 51
3.000
4.500
5,000
Page 2
2.650 2,650
' 3 ,ooo
2,100
4,500
......is,OOO 11.600
4,500
4,500
4.500 1.h.2.QQ
5,500
5,000
5,500
5,500
3
~-
1
Other projects Fellowships (University health Medical education
services) Philippines 47
Fellowships TOTAL - PHILIPPINES
SINGAPORE
Mental health Fellowships
TOTAL - SINGAPORE
TONGA
Environmental sanitation Tf'fl'AL - ·TONGA
VIETNAM
Other projects Fellowships Fellowships (various)
TOTAL - VIETNAM
INTERCOUNTRY PROGRM~fu~S
Venereal diseases and ~rep•nematoses
ET-10
Tonga 1
ET-10
ET-10
Yaws control Fiji 1, W.Samoa 1, N .N. Guinea 4 etc.
Endemo-epidemic diseases Short-term consultants
Other projects
WPRO 34 I
Seminar on public health laboratory teohnique in viral and rickettsial diseases
Refresher course for para-medical Short-term consultant Fellowships
TOTAL - INT'£R-COUNTRY PhOGR~lliillS
TOTAL - WESTEF~ PACIFIC
p3rsonne.l WPRO 35
7,200 34,569 1.2.000
1,850 ~00
6.877
7.800
3 , 900 18 ,10.Q
Page 3
11,667 11,667
20 ,.22.Q 20,350
6,877
7,800
23,600
22 , 000 60, 277
)34 ,.595
IDBERCULOSIS TUberculosis control
CAMBODIA
Cambodia 7
The Government believes that tuberculosis is a serious problem in Cambodia and consulted WHO about possible control measures as early as 1950. Tentative plans. were made for a control project, carried out by the Government with WHO assistance to begin in 1953 but various factors necessitated a postponement.
Since then, three developments have occurred which have improved the overall position to the point where, it is believed, the control programme would profitably be implemented: (a) a Cambodian doctor, after proceeding abroad on a WHO fello•-rship, has returned to be Chief of Tuberculosis Control in Cambodia; (b) bilateral assistance to the Government has improved facilities, especially buildings, and assistance to the Royal School of Medicine has shown good results; (c) the BCG campaign, carried out by the Government with w~O-UNICEF assistance, is now in progress.
It is believed that the control programme should be implemented early in 1956 and continued through 1957, and the Government has therefore requested WHO to provide a senior adviser to work with the Chief of Tuberculosis Control for Cambodia, to lecture on tuberculosis at the Royal School of Medicine and to assist in overall control work in the country. The work will be integrated with the BCD campaign already in action and with the bilateral aid from other sources.
T1w fellowships, one in 19.5 6 and one in 195 7 have also been requested.
TUBERUJLOS IS '£Uberculosis control
CHINA
China 17
A de&cription has already been given of the tuberculosis control project in China for 1-rbich provision has been rr:a.de in the regular budget. It has, however, been found necessary to place one of the fellowships in the supplementary budget. This fellaHship is intended for a physician to study control methods abroad for 12 months in 1956 and afterwards to take his place in the control programme in Taiwan Province.
It has also been found necessary to place in the supplementary budget provision for a short-term consultant in the repair and maintenance of x-ray equipment. A veF:J considerable amount of x-ray equipment is in use . in Taiwan, but facilities for maintenance are limited and it is thought more appropriate to provide a short-term consultant in this subject than to provide fellowships. A request for a six-months consultant in 1956 has therefore been entered in the Suppl emen tar;y- Budget.
I
VENEREAL DISEASES AND TREPONEIV!ATOSES Venereal-disease control China 1
These fellowships have been requested to enable national health personnel to obtain post-graduate training in public health with emphasis on venereal-disease control. Three fellowships were provided for in 1955 and the request for three additional fellowships for 1956 and t1:1o for 1957 has had to be included in the Supplementa~ Budget. Personnel trained will strengthen the venereal-disease control programme which was started in 1953/1954 with the assistance of tlliO and UNICEF.
PUBLIC HEALTH AOMINISTRI\.TION Fellowships China ET 10
The Government has made a new request for the proVlSlon in 1957 for three fellowships of 12 months each to enable three key persons, directors or health officers of provindal health centres, to study public-health administration abroad in order to be better qualified to assume their increasingly important and complicated responsibilities in public-health administration in Taiwan.
Nursing China 6
Two further nursing education fellowships of two years duration are requested for the nursing education programme. These fellowships are part of the overall plans for the nursing education programme but due to budgetary limitation it was not possible to provide for all the required fellowships within the allocated amount. However, the award of two extra fellowships would greatly assist toward · the completion of the work by WHO experts by the time the programme is scheduled to terminate and make it possible for the Government to take over with well prepared staff. FellovJships need to be of two-years' duration in order to strengthen basic nursing education and also give advance preparation for teaching and administration.
F I J I
01HER PROJECTS Fellowships (Education assistance programme
Central Ivledical School) Fiji 2
This project of education assistance to the Central Medical School in Fiji was started late in February 1955 with the arrival of two WHO-supported ~cturers, one in physiology and another in biology. Provision has been made far equipment and supplies, $4,000 budgeted for 1955 and ~2,000 for 1956.
The Government has indicated that a prospective candidate for a junior lectureship in physiology has been found among the medical students in the School and has requested that provision be made to enable the student to be trained for three · years in physiology at the University of Otago, starting early in 195~, leading to a Bachelor
II
of Science degree. Since the development of national counterparts is an important aspect of the present programme, it is felt that provision should be made in the Supplementary Budget for a threeyear fellowship in physiology.
HONG KONG
TUBERCULOSIS Fellowships (Tuberculosis control) ' Hong Kong ET 10
International assistance to tuberculosis work in Hong Kong began in.l950 \vith the provision of some equipment by UNICEF and continued in 1952 when an international team assisted the Government to initiate a BOG campaign.
In the same year a fellowship was awarded to a medical officer of the Ruttonjee Sanatorium who, since her return, has continued to work there and has also given lectures at the University. This sanatorium has been designated as the teaching hospital for tuberculosis for students at the University Medical School. It has 230 beds for free patients, a follow-up clinic and a BOG station. Facilities for thoracic surgery became available in 1954 and a convalescent home of 120 beds is being erected.
In addition to other facilities, a new tuberculosis hospital of 300 beds is under construction.
In connexion with this expanding programme, the Government has requested t-vm fellovJships: one for a doctor to study the latest methods of treatment and prevention for six months in 1956 in the u.s.A. and the other ·f~~ a suitable person to study in Europe for six months, also in 1956.
The request for these two fellowships has been entered in the Supplementary Budget.
NURSING Fellowships Hong Kong ET 10
The Government's nursing service based upon well-trained expatriate arri Chinese nurses is relatively well provided with trained personnel. In the past the Government has not requested direct assistance from WHO in connexion -vdth the nursing service, although indirect aid in the field of maternal and child health and BOG has been given.
The Government now believes however that it Hould be valuable to strengthen the teaching of general nursing and midwifery, and has requested that provision be made for one fellowship for a sister-tutor to study general nursing or mid,vifery in the United Kingdom for twelve months in 1957.
III
JAPAN
ENDEMO-EPIDEMI C DISEASES Fellowships (Communicable diseases control) Japan ET 10
Although there is sufficient legislation concerning the control of a number of communicable diseases, some such diseases have not been covered.
Preoccupation with epidemics follov-r.i.ng World War II precluded attention to the drafting of the necessary legislation ·and the organization and/or strengthening of immunization programmes for children and isolation facilities.
The Government has requested that proV1slon be made for a fellowship for 6 months in 1957 in the organization and administration of a programme for the control of communicable diseases among young children.
MENTAL HEALTH Fellowships Japan ET 10
Tne Government has requested assistance in training an expert to deal with the problems connected with the care of mentally retarded children in Japan. A.t present very little is being done by the community to help solve these problems vJhich are too big for the immediate family to handle. A fellowship in 1956 for a study tour to observe available facilities for the diagnosis, care and teaching of the mentally retarded, and of the facilities for the training of personnel to be engaged in the· care of children, has therefore been entered iJthe Supplementary Budget.
KOREA
MENTAL HEALTH Fellowships Korea ET 10
Owing to the recent hostilities and the resulting mass population movements, problems in mental health have assumed enormous proportions. The country requires assistance to train personnel in order to strengthen its mental-health services. The Government has therefore requested a fellowship of 12 months in mental health in 1957.
NURSING Fellowships
I. A 0 S
Laos ET 10
Nurses receive their basic training in Laos, but the Government, after consultations with WHO, believes that selected graduates 1vho are intended for higher posts in the nursing service ·v.rill benefit by having post-graduate training outside the country.
The nursing training centre in Phnom-Penh which receives assistance from WHO-UNICEF and ICA is not only the nearest suitable centre but also presents no language difficulties. As a logical
IV
step, therefore, four fellowships have been requested hy the Government in 1956 and 1957 to enable two nurses and two midwives in each year to undertake post-graduate training in Phnom-Penh. It is believed that this will considerably strengthen the UpPer echelon of the nursing service in Laos.
TUIERCULOSIS Tuberculosis control
MALAYA
Malaya 10
Follo'ring the mass BCG campaign, which was started' in 1950 with WHO/UNICEF assistance, the Government has kept WHO informed about its intentions for strengthening anti-tuberculosis services in the Federation. After discussions between the Government and WHO in 1S'52, an official request for technical assistance was received the following year and provisien was made in the budget for 1955 and 1956. Subsequent developments made it necessary to postpone and finally to delete the project.
Nevertheless, the Government considers that there is a need for an overall re-examination of the tuberculosis services with regard to hospital and domiciliary treatment, eut-patient care, rehabilitation, disposal of chronic cases and finally of aid to families of tuberculosis patients. Furthermore, sueh a re-examination could review tJ1e integration between the fecilities which already exist in the main cities and towns, which are ulready considerable, with the need for services in the rural areas. The latter are now besed on the rural health centres. Integration is especially psrtinent at the present time, because a new tuberculosis centre of importence has recently been established at Kuala Lumpur,
With all these points in mind, the services of a tuberculosis consult~nt have been re quested for a limite~ period to advise and assist the Government in re-examinati0n of all ~spects of the problem, This reouest is therefore included in the Supplementary Budget.
NUTRITION rilalaya 12
There is a great need in the Federation of Malaya for a thorough study by a competent social anthropologist of the folklore and custom of the people of MalayB vlith special reference to food habits, maternal and child care and any customs associated with healthful living. It was felt that this basic knowledge was essential before it would be possible to make use of public-health educators in educating the public. It is also essential in connection with the survey of protein deficiency for which another WHO consultant has been requested.
This information gained should lead to practical measures to raise the economic status of the people.
The services of a specialist for two years commencing- in mid-1956 is requested for this purpose.
v
NETHERLA.!'IDS NE-vi GUINEA
PUBLIC-HEALTH ADMINISTFtATI ON Fellowships (Public-health administration)
Netherlands New Guinea ET 10
The Government has requested a fellowship for the Director of Public Health Services, to visit the United States for a period of three months to study modern techniques of public-health adminis.tration.*
MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH Fellowships Netherlands New Guinea ET 10
The Government has requested a f8llowship in maternal and child health in 1957.*
ENVIRONlVENTAL SANITATION Fellowships Netherlands New Guinea ET 10
A request has been r"'ceived from the Government for a fellowship in environmental sanitati•n·*
PAFUA AND NEvv GUINEA
MALARIA AND INSECT CONTROL Fellowships Papua and New Guinea ET 10
A fellowship in malaria control is requested for 1957.**
TUBERCULOSIS Fellowships (Tuberculosis control) Papua and New Guinea ET 10
A fellowship in tuberculosis control is requested for 1957 by cable·**
PUBLIC-HEALTH ADMINISTRATION Fellowships (Public-health administration) Papua and New Guinea ET 10
A request for a fellowship in public-health administration ·was received by cable unsupported by a justification.
* These reque.sts were received, without details, on .3 August 1955 and have been listed in the Supplementary Programme due to the fact that the 1957 Proposed Programme and Budget Estimates (Regular Funds) had already been finalized.
** These requests, which were received after the ·deadline by cable, were not accompanied by any justification.
VI
PHILIPPINES
VENEI.EAL DISEASES A.l'iiD TP.EPONEiv1ATQSES Fellowships Philippines ET--.10
There is need for modernising the venereal-disease control methods in the Manila Health Deputment. For this purpose a fellowship to study modern methods of control in the United States of America is requested for a period of one 'year in 1957 for a senior officer of the Venereal Diseases Section.
PUBLIC-HE:ALTH ADIHNISTRATION Dental-Health projects Philippines 52
Recently an Act of Congress msde it obligatory for ruralhealth units to be rrovided over the whole country. In those at strategic points, dental-health services must be included.
The Government intends to request UNICEF to equip 200 of these rural-health units. A short-term inter-country consulta~t i2 Jcing provided to ac~vi.se on hoc-r "·.:·":: dental-he ··.lth services s~~-•uld b8 orgarri,zed, staffed, end equiyped. The Go\"::!riFiOJ1t ht'.3 al.: -~- ~-·equested one fellowship of twelve months in preventive dentist:cy.
MATEF.NAL AND CHILD HEALTH Fellowships (Obstetrics and gynaecology) 'Philippines ET 10
Assistance has been given to the Philippines in -- the field of maternal and child heelth, at first in 1950, vdth the establishment of a Maternal and Child Health Rural Training Demonstration Centre. One medical officer and one public-health nurse were provided by ~IHO for one . year. ·
In the second phase assistance was given also in the training programme _associated with the Domiciliary Obstetrical and Premature Care Service operatiflg in Manila. In 1953, vmo sent a short-term consultant on Premature Infant Care and awarded two fellowships for a physician and a nurse-midwife to gain experience in a training programme in this work overseas.
WHO has also given assistence on a programme for maternity care ill ''hich a nurse-midwife consultant has been provided to advise on the training and supervision of midwives and hilots as part of the overall maternity care programme.
UNICEF has given assist8nce in all of these prog-rammes and also in a nation-wide maternal and child welfare pr'ogramme for health ·centres throughout the country.
This new· request for 1957 is concerned \-·rith maternity care in that the fellov-rship_ reques{:,ed i3 for a medic.::.l officer i'rom the -
VII
Manila Maternity and Children 1.s Hospital where a large number of Y'omen attend for obstetrical and gynaecolovical treatment and where student physicians and midwives are trained. A fellowship is requested · to en~ble the senior medical officer to undertake advanced study in obstetrics 8nd gynaecolegy and, in particular, in the as};€cts of this Vlork associated with cancer research. Since the early recognition of cancerous conditions in women is of great importance if the morbidity and - mortality from these conditions is to be reduced, the fellowship is considered ':~orthy of support from this angle •
Since the Maternity & Children's Hospital is at present the only Government training hospital for midwives and in addition gives the clinical experience in obstetrics and gynaecology for a great 'many physicians, the fellowship study for this staff member, to enable her to become conversant with recent developments overseas, is justified.
ENVIRONfuENTAL .SANITATION Fellowships _ Philippines 51
The Philippine Government has . a rapidly developing rural health progra~~e which will require a large number of trained sanitary inspectors.
The present six weel<.s of basic -training given to sanitary inspectors is admitted to be very inadequate. The Department of Health plans to expand its·· training programme to include more comprehensive training both basic and advanced for sanitary inspectors.
For this purpose, the Government has requested th~t a fellowship be provided in 1956 in order to train a government officer in both the srecialized field of environmental sanitation and techniques for training of sanitary inspectors. It is exrected that the fellow will be utilized at a training centre fer these subprofessional personnel.
OTH.f:!'IR PROJECTS Fellowships (University health serv.ices) Philippines ET 10
The Government submitted a request for two short-term fellewships in 1957, one for the Director and the other for the· Chief Nurse of the University of the Philippines Health Service, to enable them to observe in some of the be.st university health services in the United states. This request is based on the increasing importance attached to ·students' health services and the pattern the service would set for college health service.s elsewhere in the Philippines.
Medical Education Philippines 47
Provision has been made in the 1955 end 1956 ·Budget and Estimates for a consultant to conduct a survey of the three private
VIII
medical schools in the Philippines pursuant · to a government request submitted in 1953. The survey which is to begin in October or November 1955 will last a rriaximum of six months, the exact duration of which will depend on the findings of the consultant. A.lso dependent on hi$ findings and recommendations is the implementation of another government request for the provision of three rrofessors in the preclinical field (one professor to each medical school), $9,000 for equipment and supplies, and three fellowships - one for each counterpart.- 1'his request has therefore been included in the Supplementary Budget.-
ME.NT 1\.L HEALTH Fellowships (Mental-health services) Singapore ET 10
The Government of Singapore is developinf ment~l-health services. In addition to makinf provision for a team in the Urban Health Centre UiHO No. 4) te study child development, it is planned to provide training courses for male and female mental nurses and to provide psychiatric social workers at the Eental Hospital. To assist in developing these services, the Government has requested a six months 1 fellowship in 1956 for its Chief Psychiatrist to study mental-heclth services in Europe and America. The ·Government has also asked for one fellov,;ship for two years starting in 1957 to train a psychiatric social worker. Both will proceed to the United Kingdom. This request is rert of a lerger scheme which includes the training of mental nurse tutors and other personnel Vl.rhich will be undertaken by the Government or by other agencies.
TONGA
ENVIRON~NTAL SANITATION Tonga - 1
The Government of Tonga is anxious to proceed vii th an intensive programme of · vill~ge sanitation but considers that it is necessary first to conduct a pilot project to test method and suitability to local custom.
For this purpose, the services of a public~ealth engineer for one year and a social anthropologist for six months are requested with $2,900 supplies and equipment.
OTHER PROJECTS Fellowships
VIETNAM
Vietnam ET 10
A neu profe::>sional school f:::3r health technic.iJ.ns in Saigcn . is expected to have its first class of about 200 junior high school graduates towards the end of 1955 for four years of training, following which they will serve in rural areas as medical assistants.
IX
In April 1955 the Government requested assistance for the new school. A short-term fellowship which will permit the directorcesignate of thE? school to visit similar schools in Thailand .'and Burma has therefore been included in the Supplementary Budget.
O'nJER PROJECTS ~ Fellowships (various) Vietnam E'l' 10
In addition to the two fellowships provided in_ the budget, four fellowships requested by the Government: two fellowships, bo.th for 12 months in psychiatry and two fellowships, one for i2 months in nursing ec'.ucation and one for six months il;l forensic medicine are included in the Supplementary Budget.
INTER-COUNTF.Y
VENEhl,AL DISEASES A.l'ID TREFONEMATOSES Yaws control Fiji 1
Western Samoa 1 N.N. Guinea 4 etc.
It is considered that a public-health nurse/acministrative assistant would be of considerable value on the inter-country treRQ-nematoses-control programme in or::eration in the Pacific Island -territories. It i .s proposed that he should join the WRO team already in th e fieid.
Because of limitation of regular funds it was not possible to make provision for this post in 1956 as part of the main project, and it is accordingly being provided for as a supplementary project.
ENDEMO-EPIDEI!IIC DISEASES· Leprosy YJPRO 34
Leprosy control as an integrated activity cf public-health services i~s a · -problem engaging the active interest of the govf:rnments of many countries in the \.estern Pacific Region such as Japan, Korea, China, Malaya, the Philippines, etc. That this disease is a definite problem i:n the area is r.rell lmown. To secure precise knowledge of, the extent of the problem that will enable the Western Pacific Regional Office to map out ·a regional programme·, it is proposed that a consultent be engaged for a period not to exceed six months in late 1956.
OTHER PROJECTS Seminar on Public Health Laboratory Technique in Viral and Rickettsial Diseases
Inter-regional
!. _ Tl1is seminar . would acquaint leading laboratory workers of .di.ffe:rent countries V' ith the present pos.sibilities and limitations of work in .this field. 'l'he aim is to enable laboratories to establish immediate operations in certain of these diseases even with limited facilities and trained personnel at present available and thereby increase the efficiency of communicable-disease control and to plan for long-range development.
X
It is planned to ht;ve five dLcussic:1 leaders, plus a small amount of supplies to enable laboratory worl<ers in this 1-:egion to participate.
It is anticipated that Member Countri&s in adjacent regions will send participants and that the E ost Government will be responsible for the usual local costs.
Refresher Course for Para-medical Personnel WPRO 35
In the various island territories in the Facific Area, there is generally a shortage of fully qualified personnel and a corresponding need to utilize para-medical aid as much as possible. Various training schemes for such personnel are already in operation, both in generalized and specialized v·ork, r.nd the project now envisaged should be regarded as the second of a series of refresher courses designed for persons who have received some instruction in the past,
The first of the series will be the course in preventive medicine for assistant medical practitioners, to be held in 1956 in v estern Samoa. The secane. -- the one now proposed -- will be a refresher course for para-medical personnel in tuberculosis-control methods, especially simple methods adapted to local conditions, Provision has therefore been made in the supplementary programme for one short-term consultant for 3 months in 1957 and for 40 fellows, The exact location of the course, and the precise categories of workers to be included, will be subject to negotiation,
XI
