J. Michael Lester | WCBC Classroom Resourceslester.wcbc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/OT-Survey... · Web viewGroup Books Total Chapters Prophets of Israel Jonah, Amos, Hosea 27

Day

Verses

Creating Acts of God

Day One

1:3-5

Light

Day Two

1:6-8

Firmament & Heavens

(Second Day)

Day Three

1:9-13

Earth, Seas, and Green Things

(Third Day)

Day Four

1:14-19

Sun, Moon, Stars and Time

(Fourth Day)

Day Five

1:20-23

Fish and Fowl

(Fifth Day)

Day Six

1:24-31

Animal Life and Man

(Sixth Day)

Day Seven

2:1-3

God Sanctified and Set Apart the Sabbath

(Seventh Day)

Definitions and Proof Texts

Revelation–is God communicating to men truths that were previously unknown, and without God, man would not know them. (1 Corinthians 2:9-10)

Inspiration-literally means “God-breathed” or (God-spirited). The idea gained from the word is that God spoke through the writers of the Bible so that they recorded, without error, verbally what He wanted to express. (2 Samuel 23:1-2; 2 Peter 1:20-21; 2 Timothy 3:16)

Preservation-is the protecting and extending of the truth (having once been given) to all men throughout the ages. (Isaiah 40:8; Matthew 5:18; 24:35; 1 Peter 1:23)

Illumination-is the ministry of the Holy Spirit that helps us to understand the revealed, inspired, preserved Word of God. (1 Corinthians 2:14; 1 John 2:20-21; John 14:26)

Key Phrases

Number of Occurrences

In Verses

"God said"

10

1:3, 6,9, 11,14,20,24,26,28-29

"God saw that it was good"

7

1:4, 10, 12, 18, 21, 25, 31

"Evening and Morning"

6

1:5, 8, 13, 19, 23, 31

"God called (or named)"

3

1:5, 8, 10

"After his or their kind"

5

1:11-12, 21, 24-25

Key Words

Number of Occurrences

In Verses

God (Lord God)

28

1:1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14,

16 , 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 24, 25, 26, 27

Created

4

1:1, 21, 27; 2:2, 3

Made

6

1:7, 16, 25, 31; 2:2, 3

Series

#

Plague

Reference

Attack

Features

Effect

1

Blood

7:14-25

On the Idol River

Announced in the morning (7:15)

Hardened (7:22)

I

2

Frogs

8:1-15

On the Goddess Hekt (with frog head)

Announced (8:1)

Hardened (8:15)

Inflicted by Aaron (8:5, 160

3

Lice

8:16-19

On Seb, the Earth god

Unannounced 8:16 (Defeat of Magicians)

Hardened (8:19)

II

Inflicted by Jehovah (8:20-24; 9:3-6)

4

Flies

8:20-32

On the Sacred Scarebaeus


Compromise (9:25-28)

On Egyptians only (8:23, 10:23)

5

Murrain

9:1-7

On Apis, the Sacred Bull

Announced (9:1)

Hardened (9:7)

Inflicted by Moses (9:8-10)

6

Boils

9:8-12

On Typhon, the Evil Genius

Unannounced 9:8 (Defeat of Magicians 9:11)

Hardened (9:12)

III

Inflicted by Moses 9:22, 10:12, 10:21

7

Hail & Fire

9:13-35

On Shu, the Atmosphere


Hardened (9:35)

On Egyptians only (8:23, 10:23)

8

Locusts

10:1-20

On Serepia, protector from locusts

Announced (10:1)

Compromise (10"8-11)

Protection for God-fearing Egyptians (9:20-21)

9

Darkness

10:21-29

On Ra, the Sun god

Unannounced 10:21) (Defeat of Pharaoh 10:28-29)

Compromise (10-24)

IV

Birthday and Doomsday

10

DEATH OF

FIRSTBORN

10:1-13:36

On all gods

THE PASSOVER

CAPITULARION (12:29-36)

The Piece of Furniture

The Passage in Scripture

The Picture of Truth

The Perfect Fulfillment

Brazen Altar

Exodus 27:1-8

Atonement through 1. Substitutionary death 2. Blood Sacrifice

Jesus and His shed blood covers our sin (Rom. 3:25, 5:9 and 1 John 1:7)

Laver

Exodus 10:17-21

Spiritual renewing and cleansing for Service

Our cleansing to serve Him! (2 Cor. 7:1; 1 Jn. 1:9)

Table of Shewbread

Exodus 25:23-30

Spiritual Sustenance for all the people

Jesus is the Bread of Life and We partake of His Word (Jn. 6:31-35, Matt. 4:4)

Candlestick

Exodus 25:31-40; 27:20-21

Spiritual Light showing the way to God

Illumination 1. Through Christ (Jn. 1:9; 3:19) 2. Through Holy Spirit (1 Cor. 2:12-14 and 2 Cor. 4:6)

Altar of Incense

Exodus 30:1-10

Acceptable prayers and supplications offered up to God

Intercessory prayers in Jesus' name! (Jn. 14:13, 1 Tim. 2:1-2)

The Ark of the Covenant

Exodus 25:10-22

Access to God through the Covenant

Jesus is our access to God! Veil rent (Matt. 27:51) Wall torn down (Eph. 2:11-18)

The Mercy Seat

Exodus 26:31-33

The very presence and the Mercy of God because of the applied blood

Jesus sprinkled blood on the Mercy Seat in Heaven - Once! (Heb. 9:20-28)

NOTE: Hebrew 9:1-28 is the N.T. summary for all these things.

Introduction

God’s dwelling place among men

The Plagues demonstrated the power of God (ch. 1-12)

The Commandments represent the precepts of God (ch. 13-24)

The Tabernacle represents the presence of God (ch. 25)

God said since the people had been bought out and brought out that he wanted to dwell among them. This is a beautiful picture of the indwelling of the saved.

God has always dwelt in a holy place. God has always desired and determined to fellowship, commune, and to dwell among man. God designed a masterful and wonderfully illustrative Tabernacle (That was visible, mobile, and useful.) so that men might experience what it was like to have God dwell among men.

Let us challenge ourselves to make a sanctuary of lives for God indeed dwells among us.

I. Principle structure of the Tabernacle

A. Structure 27:9-19

1. Dimensions (cubit – elbow to tip of finger, approx. 18 in.)

2. Materials 26:31-35 (fine-twined linen means white in color)

B. Furniture

C. Priesthood – this is the book of Leviticus

D. Offerings

II. Plan for construction 25: 2-7

III. Purpose of Tabernacle 25:8-9

A. Perpetuation of the Covenant

B. Presence of God among men

Blessings

If thou hearken unto the voice of the Lord;

In the city, the field

Fruit of thy body, ground, and cattle

Increase of kine and flock of thy sheep

Thy basket and store

When thou comest in or goest out

Enemies smitten

In thy storehouses and in all thou settest thy hand to do

And in the land which the Lord thy God giveth thee

Lord establish thee an holy people

Called by my name of the Lord

Lord shall make thee plenteous in goods in fruits of thy body, cattle, ground

Lord shall open His good treasure unto thee.

Rain in due season to bless all the work of thine hand

Thou shalt lend to many nations and thou shalt not borrow

The LORD shall make thee the head

Thou shalt be above only.

Curses

If thou shalt not hearken unto the voice of the Lord;

In the city, the field, thy basket and store

Fruit of thy body, land increase of kine and flocks of thy sheep

When thou comest in and when thou goest out

Cursing, vexation, and rebuke in all that thou settest thine hand to do until thou be destroyed and perish quickly

The LORD shall make pestilence to cleave unto thee

LORD shall smite thee with a consumption, and with fever, and with inflammation, and with an extreme burning, and with the sword, and with blasting, and with mildew; and they shall pursue thee until thou perish

Thy heaven that is over thy head shall be brass

The earth that is over thy head shall be brass

The earth that is under thee shall be iron

LORD shall make the rain of thy land powder and dirt

LORD shall cause thee to be smitten before thine enemies

Thy carcass shall be meat unto fowls of the air and unto the beast of the field

LORD will smite thee with the botch of Egypt, and with emerods, and with scab, and with the itch, whereof thou canst not be healed

Thou shalt grope at noonday

Thou shalt not prosper in thy ways

Thou shalt be only oppressed

Thou shalt betroth a wife and another man shall lie with her

Thou shalt build a house and shalt not dwell therein

Thou shalt plant a vineyard and shalt not gather the grapes thereof

Thine ox shall be slain before thine eyes and thou shalt not eat thereof

Thine ass shall be violently taken away from before thy face, and shall not be restored to thee

(See Deuteronomy 28 for entire listing of the curses)

He was Moses’ minister (Joshua 1:1)

One of the twelve Spies (Numbers 13:8)

God chose him successor to Moses (Numbers 27:18-23)

Moses gave him the Mantle (Deuteronomy 34:9)

His character was one of strength, courage, confidence, consecration to the Word and he was commanding in Spirit.

Name

Tribe

Identification

Enemy

Years of Oppression

Years of Peace

Reference

Othniel

Judah

Caleb's Nephew

Mesopotamians

8

40

3:9-11

Ehud

Benjamin

Left-handed assassin

Moabites (Eglon)

18

80

3:12-30

Shamgar

Naphtali

Used an Ox Goad to slay

Philistines

?

?

3:31

Deborah

Ephraim

Only female judge

Canaanites (Jabin)

20

40

4:4-5:31

Gideon

Manasseh

Obscure family, he sought a sign

Midianites

7

40

6:11-8:35

Tola

Issachar

?

?

?

23

10:1-2

Jai

Gilead

30 sons with their own city

?

?

22

10:3-5

Jephthah

Gilead

Made rash vow, Son of a Harlot

Ammonites

18

6

11:1-12:7

Ibzan

Zebulun

30 sons and 30 daughters

?

?

7

12:8-10

Elon

Zebulun

?

?

?

10

12:11-12

Abdon

Ephraim

?

?

?

8

12:13-15

Samson

Dan

Strongest man, Nazarite

Philistines

40

20

13:2-16:31

Samuel

He was the last of the Judges and the first of the Prophets.

1 Sam. 3:20; Acts 3:24

Saul

He was the first king of Israel. He was the son of Kish of the tribe of Benjamin. He was a giant of a man (1 Sam. 10:23) very tall by Jewish standards.

Good Point

Degenerated Into

Extremely handsome 1 Sam. 9:2

Pride 1 Sam. 18:8

Great Initiative 1 Sam. 11:6-7

Rebellion 1 Sam. 20:31

Very Brave 1 Sam.13:3-5

Recklessness 1 Sam. 14:24

Had Spirit Fullness 1 Sam. 11:6

Troubled by Evil Spirit

Conclusion: Unless the good things that God blessed you with are yielded to the Lord, the Devil will take and turn them against you.

David

He was a man after God’s own heart. (1 Sam 13:14; Acts 13:22, 36)

The Bible says more about David than any other character.

King

Reigned

Bad/Good

King

Reigned

Bad/Good

Jeroboam

22

Years

Bad

Rehoboam

17

Years

Bad Mostly

Nadab

2

Years

Bad

Abijah

3

Years

Bad Mostly

Baasha

24

Years

Bad

Asa

41

Years

Good

Elah

2

Years

Bad

Jehoshaphat

25

Years

Good

Zimri

7

Days

Bad

Jehoram

8

Years

Bad

Omri

12

Years

Extra-Bad

Ahaziah

1

Year

Bad

Ahab

22

Years

The Worst

Athaliah

6

Years

Devilish

Ahaziah

2

Years

Bad

Joash

40

Years

Good Mostly

Joram

12

Years

Bad Mostly

Amaziah

29

Years

Good Mostly

Jehu

28

Years

Bad Mostly

Uzziah

52

Years

Good

Jehoahaz

17

Years

Bad

Jotham

16

Years

Good

Joash

16

Years

Bad

Ahaz

16

Years

Wicked

Jeroboam II

41

Years

Bad

Hezekiah

29

Years

The Best

Zechariah

6

Months

Bad

Manasseh

55

Years

The Worst

Shallum

1

Month

Bad

Amon

2

years

The Worst

Menahem

10

Years

Bad

Josiah

31

Years

The Best

Pekahiah

2

Years

Bad

Jehoahaz

3

Months

Bad

Pekah

20

Years

Bad

Jehoiakim

11

Years

Wicked

Hoshea

9

Years

Bad

Jehoiachin

3

Months

Bad

Zedekiah

11

Years

Bad

Until recently, not many people know or talked about that most of Hebrew Bible in poetry. Only 5 books of the Hebrew Bible are written without poetry; Leviticus, Ruth, Ezra, Haggai, and Malachi. The five books now known as poetry serve as a hinge which links the past of the historical books to the future of the prophetic books. These books explore the experimental present and emphasize a lifestyle of godliness. Unlike the Pentateuch and the 12 historical books, the poetic books don’t advance the story of the nation of Israel instead they delve deeply in crucial questions about faith, wisdom, pain, suffering, heartache, love, and a personal relationship with God. The truth of the matter is that you get the rest of the story by reading the poetic book. “If you open the Bible to its heart, there are five books that deal with the heart issues of life.”

Hebrew poetry is not based on rhyme, rhythm, or meter. It has some rhythm which is based on tonal stress but even that is not prominent. The real key to Hebrew poetry is parallelism, which involves (rhyming) ideas through careful arrangements of parallel thought. There are six kinds of parallelism distinguished in Hebrew poetry:

1. Synonymous – here the second line reinforces the thought of the first by using similar words and concepts (Job 38:7; Ps. 3:1; Pr. 11:7, 12:28)

2. Synthetic – where the second line adds to or completes the first line. (Ps. 1:1-2, 23:1-5; Pr. 4:23)

3. Antithetic – the thought of the first line is contrasted in the second line (Pr 10:1, 14:34, 15:1)

4. Emblematic – the first line uses figure of speech to illuminate the main point conveyed by the second line (Ps. 42:1; Pr. 11:22, 25:25, 27:17)

5. Climactic – the second line repeats the first line with the exception of the last term (Ps. 29:1; Pr. 31:4)

6. Formal – here the lines are joined solely by metric consideration; this is the least used type of Hebrew poetry (Ps. 2:6)

Conclusion: it may be found in couplets, triplets, quatrains, or whole stanza’s (Ps. 150)

Job 26:7the earth was hung on nothing

Job 22:14the sphere of the earth and its orbits

Job 39-40 Creation

Job 40:15-41:10Dinosaurs

Group

Books

Total Chapters

Prophets of Israel

Jonah, Amos, Hosea

27

Prophets of Judah

Obadiah, Joel, Micah, Nahum, Habakkuk, and Zephaniah

20

Post-Exilic Prophets

Haggai, Zechariah, and Malachi

20

There are 17 prophetic books (5 major and 12 minor). Before the time of Christ the 12 Minor Prophets were one book in the Hebrew Bible called the Twelve. The only chronological significance to the order of the Minor Prophets in the English Bible is that the first 6 were written before the last six. You must give attention to the Minor Prophets. They are only minor because of size. They are Major Prophets in message.

THE MINOR PROPHETS BY SIZE

BOOKS

CHAPTERS

VERSES

WORDS

1. Zechariah2. Hosea3. Amos4. Micah5. Joel6. Malachi7. Zephaniah8. Habakkuk9. Jonah10. Nahum11. Haggai12. Obadiah

14149734334321

2111971461057355535648473821

6,4445,1754,2173,1532,0341,7821,6171,4761,3211,2851,131670

67

1,050

30,305

PREDICTIVE ELEMENT IN THE MINOR PROPHETS

BOOK

DISTINCTPREDICTIONS

PREDICTIVEVERSES

%PREDICTIVE

PERSONALMESSIANIC

FOCUSPREDICTION

Hosea

28

11

56%

4 vv.

Destruction ofSamaria

Joel

25

50

68%

1 v.

Day of Yahweh

Amos

26

85

58%

Destruction ofSamaria

Obadiah

10

17

81%

Edom Cut Off

Jonah

4

5

10%

Overthrow ofNineveh

Micah

40

73

70%

7 vv.

Fall ofJerusalem

Nahum

2

35

74%

Fall of Nineveh

Habakkuk

4

23

47%

4 vv.

Judgment onthe Chaldeans

Zephaniah

20

47

89%

Judgment onJudah

Haggai

7

15

39%

6 vv.

The GreatShaking

Zechariah

78

144

69%

21 vv.

Temple to beRebuilt

Malachi

19

31

56%

2 vv.

Coming ofMessengers ofYahweh

263

636

61% Avg.

45 vv.

Statistics based on J. Barton Payne, Encyclopedia of Biblical Prophecy(New York: Harper and Row, 1973)

THE GIST OF THE MINOR PROPHETS

BOOK

THEME

KEYVERSE

KEYTHOUGHT

MESSIANICPORTRAIT

Hosea

God’s love forbacksliders.

14:9

Return

Second Moses,David, Israel

Joel

The day of Yahwehis coming.

2:13

Repentance

Teacher forRighteousness

Amos

Prepare to meetyour God!

5:24

Justice

Occupant of theTent of David

Obadiah

The kingdom shallbe Yahweh’s.

v. 21

PrideHumbled

Savior & Judgepar excellence

Jonah

Prejudice conquered.

4:11

JudgmentPostponed

ResurrectedProphet

Micah

The triumph of hope.

6:8

DivineExpectation

Ruler fromBethlehem

Nahum

The overthrowof oppressors.

1:15

NinevehDoomed

Bringer ofGood Tidings

Habakkuk

Walking by faith.

2:4b

Faith

Conquerorof Satan

Zephaniah

The day ofYahweh’s Wrath.

1:4

Remnant

Witness againstthe Nations

Haggai

Courageous strengthin discouraging times.

1:8

Build!

Desire of allNations

Zechariah

Present distressand future glory.

4:6b

Visions

EnthronedPriest-King

Malachi

Divine love offended.

3:8

Robbery

Sun ofRighteousness

GENESIS

BOOK

OF BEGINNINGS

AUTHOR

Moses

Jews (John 8:4, 6)

Apostles ( John 1:17,45)

Early Church (Acts 7:37-38)

Jesus (Mark 12:26; Luke 24:27, 44)

DATE

1445-1400 B.C. During the Wilderness Wanderings

OCCASION

How did Moses know the things about which he wrote?

Historical Writings

Hebrew Stories and Traditions

His Early Training (Hebrews 11:23-26, Exodus 32:16, 34:1 Num. 12:4-6)

God told him by mouth

Revelation is God giving truth.

Inspiration is men writing down God’s truth.

OUTLINE

Primeval History of the Human Race 1-11

Creation 1-2

The Fall 3

Civilization before the Flood 4-5

The Flood 6-9

Civilization after the Flood 10-11

Patriarchal History of the Hebrew Race 12-50

Abraham 12-25

Isaac 26-28

Jacob 28-36

Joseph 37-50

KEY VERSES

Genesis 1:1

In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth.

MAIN CHARACTERS

God is the main character in the book of Genesis. He was already in the beginning. Moses is a main character because of the authorship.

The following are main characters due to relationship to the human race: Adam, Satan, Noah, and the Patriarchs.

SPECIAL FEATURES

The days of Creation (See Extra sheet)

The beginnings of the Book.

Genesis is a transliteration of the Greek work genasaos which means beginning. The Hebrew word berashith is translated “In the beginning.”

Human Race

Marriage

Family

Nations and Government

Sin, Sacrifice, and Worship

Languages

Different fields of Sciences and Trades

PICTURES OF PROPHECIES OF JESUS CHRIST

Theologians call Genesis 3:15 the protoevangelium which is the first promise of the gospel. The enmity between the seeds is the first promise of the Redeemer.

The book of Genesis is full of beautiful pictures of Christ.

BOOK

OF

REDEMPTION

Exodus

KEY VERSES

Exodus 12:23

“For the Lord will pass through to smite the Egyptians and when he seeth the blood… the Lord will pass over… and will not suffer the destroyer to come in unto your house.”

MAIN CHARACTERS

God

Moses

Pharaoh

Aaron

SPECIAL FEATURES

Redemption

Wholly through God’s Power

By means of a deliverer

Redemption is under the cover of Blood.

Life of Moses

1st 40 yrs. saw importance

2nd 40 yrs. saw impotence

3rd 40 yrs. saw God’s omnipotence

The Plagues 7-11

The Ten Commandments 20

Tabernacle (see Handout)


Passover Lamb 12 (see Handout)

Smitten Rock 17:6 (Num. 7-12)

Tabernacle Teachings 25-40 (Heb. 9)

AUTHOR

See information on the authorship of Genesis and the comparison of Genesis and Exodus.

DATE

The entrance into Egypt was 1875 B.C. (Ex. 12:40)

The stay in Egypt was 430 yrs. (Ex. 12:40;Gal. 3:17)

Hence, around 1445 is the date of Exodus.

OCCASION

God had seen and heard (what was going on) Ex. 3:1-10

God had spoken Ex. 5:1

God stretched forth his hand Ex. 7:5

OUTLINE

The Exodus and the Power of God 1-18

Bondage 1

Birth of Moses 2

Call of Moses 3-6

The Plagues 7-11

The Passover 12

The Red Sea 13-14

The Wilderness to Sinai 15-18

The Exodus and the Holiness of God 19-24

Eagles wings 19 (see vs. 4)

The Ten Commandments 20

Miscellaneous Laws 21-24

The Tabernacle and the Wisdom of God 25-40

Pattern of the Tabernacle 25-31

Dealing with idolatry 32-34

Construction of the Tabernacle 35-40

Typology of Christ in the Sacrifice of Isaac

He was the only begotten of his father and well-beloved.

The unfathomable love of Abraham could not be explained.

The place of sacrifice was on a mountain.

He rode a colt to the place of sacrifice.

Two men went with him.

He was three days dead in the mind of his father.

As Jesus carried the cross, Isaac carried the wood for the sacrifice.

God provided Himself a sacrifice Genesis 22:8.

He was bound tight to the altar, even as Jesus was nailed to the cross.

He opened not his mouth.

The Days of Creation

In the original text the days were listed using cardinal and ordinal numbers. The first day was defined using the cardinal number “one.” All of the other days were defined using ordinal numbers such as “second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh.”

The reason that this combination was used is that it tells us that the days have something in common. The common thread is the length of the days because before the fourth day there was no time as we know it and something was needed to link the length of days.



The Passover Lamb

Exodus 12

Occurred in the Jewish month of Nisan (late March through Mid-April)

The Lamb

Must be without blemish

Must be a male of the first year

Typology of Christ in the Passover Lamb

The lamb was put up on the tenth day.

The lamb was killed on the fourteenth day.

Jesus rode into Jerusalem on Palm Sunday the tenth of Nisan.

The Eleventh was Monday

The Twelfth was Tuesday

The Thirteenth was Wednesday

The Fourteenth was Thursday – the day Jesus was crucified.

The Ten Plagues

Exodus 7:14-12:29

Water to blood 7:14-25

Frogs 8:1-15

Lice 8:16-19

Flies 8:20-32 – Israel now immune from plagues

Murrain on cattle 9:1-7 (probably Anthrax)

Boils 9:8-12

Hail 9:13-25

Locust 10:1-20

Darkness 10:21-29

Death of Firstborn 12:29

BOOK

OF

SACRIFICES

KEY VERSES

17:11 “Blood atones for your sin.”

19:1-2 “Ye shall be holy”

20:7-8 “sanctify yourself”

(2 Cor. 6:14-17; 7:1)

Atonement, Holiness, and Sacrifice

MAIN CHARACTERS

Aaron

The Levites

The Order of Priest

There were five special times of the year when they had to present themselves before God.

Ex. 23:14-17; Deut. 16:16-17

SPECIAL FEATURES

Five Main Offerings

Burnt 1:3-17; 6:8-13

Peace 3:1-17; 7:11-34

Trespass 5:14-6:7; 7:1-10

Meal 2:1-16; 6:14-23

Sin 4:1-5; 5:1-13; 6:24-30

Eight Great Feasts

Sabbath

Pentecost

Passover

Trumpets

Day of Atonement

Tabernacle (Booth)

Sabbatical Year

Jubilee


See chart comparison of Aaronic Priesthood and Jesus Christ.

AUTHOR

Moses

The Pentateuch is a literary unit.

DATE

First month in the second year after the Exodus (see Ex. 40:1; Lev. 1:1)

OCCASION

The name Leviticus comes from the tribe of Levi. It is a book of worship, sacrifice, and priesthood.

Theme – you must approach a holy God as a holy people on the basis of sacrifice and priestly meditation. You must walk daily with God on the basis of sanctification and obedience.

OUTLINE

The Book of the Priesthood

Sacrifice 1-17

Sacrificial Offering 1-7

Priestly Meditation 8-10

People purified 11-15

National Cleansing 16-17(Day of Atonement – Yom Kippur)

Sanctification 18-27

People of Israel 18-20

Priests of Israel 21-22

Their Praise and Worship 25-26

Their Promises and Vows

Leviticus

The Unfolding Drama of Redemption

The Plagues on Egypt

The Ten Commandments

Exodus 20:1-19, 22

The commandments that God gave from heaven were not just ten. The ten encompassed many. The Mosaic Law had 613 commandments. Of the 613 commandments that God gave Moses 365 (59. 5%) were negative, and 248 were positive.

What did Jesus say about the Ten Commandments?

Matthew 22:34-40 -the essence of His answer is don’t try to separate them one from another.

Our duties before God

No other gods before me.

Not make unto thee any graven image.

Not to take the name of the Lord thy God in vain.

Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy.

Our duties before Man

Honour thy father and thy mother.

Shalt not kill.

Shalt not commit adultery (Heb. 13:4).

Shalt not steal.

Shalt not bear false witness against thy neighbor.

Shalt not covet.

The Teaching of the Tabernacle Furnishings

The Teaching of the Tabernacle Furnishings

Comparison of Genesis and Exodus

Genesis�

Exodus�

�

A book of human effort & failure�

A book of divine power and triumph�

�

Is a word of promise�

Is a word of fulfillment�

�

Book of people chosen�

Book of people called�

�

Pharaoh's blessings�

Pharaoh's burdens�

�

Book of God's mercy�

Book of God's might�

�

Comparison of Exodus and Leviticus

Exodus�

Leviticus�

�

Book of Pardon�

Book of Purity�

�

God's approach to man�

Man's approach to God�

�

Book of Salvation�

Book of Sanctification�

�

Is a great one-time act�

Is a continuing process�

�

Getting Israel out of Egypt�

Getting Egypt out of Israel�

�

Leviticus is to Exodus what Epistles are to the Gospels.

Aaron and Christ,

Our High Priests

Israel's High Priest (Leviticus 16)�

Our High Priest (Hebrews 9)�

�

Aaron called of God from among men.�

Christ called of God from among men (Hebrew 5:4)�

�

Had compassion for the wayward (Hebrews 5:1-2)�

Prayed with tears (Hebrews 5:7)�

�

In spotless purity of dress�

Christ's spotless purity of character�

�

Entered the Holy of Holies�

Entered Heaven (Hebrews 9:24)�

�

Made complete atonement by offering the blood of a goat�

Made complete atonement by offering His own blood�

�

For the whole nation and himself�

For the whole world�

�

Offered continually from year to year�

Offered once for all eternity�

�

BOOK

OF THE JOURNEY

KEY VERSES

Num 14:22-23; 20:12

The essence is, “If you disobey God, your life will be a wandering, wilderness experience and that is all.”

MAIN CHARACTERS

Moses and Tribal Leaders

Positive Side

Joshua

Caleb

Negative Side

Korah

Dathan

Abiram

Mixed Multitude

SPECIAL FEATURES

Genesis – People called

Exodus – People redeemed

Leviticus – People sanctified

Numbers – Judgment of Disobedience

There are two N. T. passages that illustrate the truth of Numbers.

1 Cor10. – Deals with the danger of disobedience.

Heb. 3-4 – Demonstrates blessings of obedience.


Brazen Serpent – Num. 21:4-9, Jn. 3:14

Balaam’s Prophecy - Num. 24:17

Blessings of Christ’s Guidance – Cloud by day and Fire by night.

Blessings of sinner’s refuge – 6 cities of refuge

AUTHOR

Moses

(See other proofs in Genesis, Exodus, and Leviticus)

Jn. 3:14; Num. 21:4-9; 1 Cor. 10:1-11; Ps. 90:12

DATE

1445-1400 B.C.

During the Wilderness Wanderings

OCCASION

There are two numberings in the book. One at the beginning and one at the end of the journey to show the consequences of disobedience and disbelief.

Ch. 1 at Sinai603,550

Ch. 26 at Moab601,730

OUTLINE

Final Preparation for the Journey 1-9

First Numbering 1

The Encampment and Moving 2

The Service of Priest 3-4

Dealing with Sin 5

Nazarite Vow 6

Miscellaneous Offerings 7-8

Problems of the Journey 10-21

Complaining Begins 10-11

Criticism Follows 12

Crisis of Faithfulness 13-15

Cries of Rebellion 16

Change of Leadership 17-21

Preparation to End the Journey 22-36

New Problems 22-25

New Numbering 26

New Victories 27-36

Numbers

Deuteronomy

BOOK

OF

REMEMBRANCE

KEY VERSES

1:3; 6:3-7 Shema “Hear, O Israel”

6:23 “He brought us out to bring us in”

MAIN CHARACTERS

Moses 34:10 He was a prophet, priest, and king. Though he didn’t bear the title king he had the position and responsibility. Matt 17:3 God buried him.

Joshua received the mantle of leadership at the end of the book.

Obedience (Choose)

Remembrance “be ware lest ye forget 32:1-8

Key Chapters 6 and 32

SPECIAL FEATURES

The Pentateuch is a Bible in Miniature.

Genesis�

Destitution�

Ruination�

�

Exodus�

Deliverance�

Redemption�

�

Leviticus�

Dedication�

Reconciliation�

�

Numbers�

Discipline�

Retribution�

�

Deuteronomy�

Direction �

Restoration & Realization�

�

(See Sheet on Blessings and Cursings)


Deut. 18:15-19

Prophet

v. 15 - Unto thee, Luke 2:11 - Unto you

v. 18, 15 - from among thee; I the midst of thee

v. 18 - I will put my words in his mouth

v. 18 - He shall speak all that I command Him 1 Cor. 10

AUTHOR

Moses Deut. 1:1-3, Jos. 1:7, Judges 3:4

Forty times Moses claims authorship. It is interesting that when Jesus was tempted He used quotes from Deuteronomy. Deuteronomy is the most quoted book of the Pentateuch. It is quoted 80 times in the N.T.

DATE

1405 B.C.

Deut. 1:3, 34:8

(Moses’ obituary in Ch. 34 was probably written by Joshua)

OCCASION

It is a series of farewell messages from an 120 yr. old leader, Moses. It is a reminder to a new generation. It covers 30 days. Deut. 10:12; 30: 18-20

The Jews call this book “mishenhatorah” which means repetition of the law. Deuteronomy comes from the Greek Deuteronomion meaning second law.

OUTLINE

Intro – Key Phrase “Take heed lest ye forget.”

Remembrance of the Past 1-4

Commandment for the Future 5-26

Commandments 5-11

Ceremonial Duties 12:1-16:17

Ordinance 16:18-26

Options Affecting the Future 27-30

Blessings from Obedience

Curses for Disobedience 31-33

Parting Words of Moses 31-33

Conclusion: Epitaph of Moses 34:10-12

BOOK

OF

CONQUEST

Joshua

KEY VERSES

1:8 - God begins to associate faithfulness to His Word with blessing

11:23 – Overview of the book

MAIN CHARACTERS

Joshua

His name was originally Oshea which means “Salvation.” but was changed to Jehoshua which means “Jehovah is salvation.” It is the Hebrew equivalent for the Greek word “Jesus”

SPECIAL FEATURES

Picture of God in the book on behalf of His people. God is actively and incessantly involved in all battle and business.

Joshua is a special link between Mosaic leadership and the time of the judges.

First historical book

Special chapters:

2 – Rahab and the spies

3 - Captain of the Lord of hosts

7 – Achan and Valley of trouble

20- Cities of Refuge


Joshua is a type of Christ in “bringing many sons into glory.” (Heb. 2:10). Joshua succeeds Moses and wins victories that Moses would not and could not win. Moses is law and Joshua is Jesus

Rahab and her story picture the grace of God bringing a Gentile woman into the great hall of fame of the faithful. She got there by the grace of God through faith that produced work. (2:22, Heb. 11:29-33, Jos. 2:25)

AUTHOR

Joshua

This is the first book named for a character

Joshua 24:25; 18:8-9; 5:6, 1

DATE

1405-1390 B.C. perhaps as late as 1380

Covers 15-25 year period

Joshua 24:29-33 was probably written by Eleazar or Phineas

OCCASION

The book of Joshua is the documentation of the conquest of the Promised Land that had been surrendered.

It’s a book about:

A land 1:1-4, 10-11

A people that overcame spiritual and personal obstacles, but not the physical and human obstacle.

A campaign to drive out the enemy and divide the land.

OUTLINE

Charge to courage 1-5

Charge to Joshua 1

Spies sent out 2

Jordan River crossed 3

Memorial and Dedication 4-5

Conquest 6-12

Central campaign 6-8

Jericho 6

Ai 7

Restoration 8

Southern Campaign 9-10

Northern campaign 11

Summary and Review 12

Canaan divided and allocated 13-21

Special possessions 13-14

Major portions 15-19

Priestly provisions 20-21

Consecration 22-24

Altar 22

No Peaceful coexistence 23:5-12

Renewed Covenant 24:15-25

Options That Affect the Future

Deuteronomy 28

Judges

KEY VERSES

21:25

17:6

2:8-10

MAIN CHARACTERS

The main characters are the judges or shophetim (military leaders rather than magistrates)

See following chart

Hebrews 11:32

SPECIAL FEATURES

Cycle of Israel

RestSin

RebellionServitude

RetributionSupplication

RepentanceSalvation

RestorationSilence

Cycle Illustrates

Sorrowful wickedness of human heart (Jeremiah 17:9)

Divine patience, love and mercy of God’s holy heart.

The word Lord is used 178 times

The word God is used 62 times.


Every judge was a deliverer; Jesus Christ is our deliverer.

Book of Judges illustrates the need for a righteous king. Isaiah 9:6, 1 Tim. 6:13-16

Sole Judges were warriors, some prophets, and some priest. Jesus is all three.

AUTHOR

Beginning of the commonwealth

Probably written by Samuel. Jewish traditions attributes the book to Samuel. Author referred to the time in the past tense. Samuel is considered the last judge.

DATE

1050-1000B.C.

Probably after Saul was crowned king.

The history spans 400 years.

OCCASION

Judges 2:11-13 summarizes the entire book.

Three things are relative to the book:

Ch.1 – did not drive out

Ch. 2 – did not know the Lord

Ch. 3 – did not have the distinctiveness that God wanted them to have, as a result.

OUTLINE

The Disobedience 1-3:7

Peaceful Coexistence 1

Passive Constraints 2

Polluting Compromise 3:1-7

The Deliverers 3:8-16:f

Depths of Sin 17-21

Religious Infidelity 17-18

Moral Immorality 19-21

Conclusion: When people compromise they go from fighting the enemy to fighting themselves. Judges 1:1, 20:18

Joshua and Moses

BOOK

OF

APOSTASY

Judges in the

Book of Judges

BOOK OF THE

KINSMAN REDEEMER

Ruth

KEY VERSES

2:10; 4:14, 9

Key Words

Kinsman – relative

Redeemer

Grace

MAIN CHARACTERS

Elimelech – pictures Israel, means God is my king.

Naomi – Means “merry sunshine” later called Mara meaning “bitter.”

Ruth – Picture of the church, Gentile Bride bought by redeemer. From the Hebrew word meaning friend shipreeit.

Boaz – Picture of Christ, Name means “In him is strength.”

SPECIAL FEATURES

Ruth 1:16-17

The request and testimony of Ruth.


Kinsman Redeemer:

had to have right to redeem

had to have the power to redeem

had to have the will to redeem

had to actually pay the price

The Law of the Kinsman Redeemer is in Leviticus 25.

AUTHOR

Unknown and Unnamed

Probably a contemporary of David

This is one of the two books named after a woman. It tells of God’s grace and goodness.

DATE

Written after the time of the Judges.

After 1000 B.C. (see 4:18-22)

OCCASION

To show God’s grace during the horrible time of the Judges

Ch.1 –Returning Grace v. 22

Ch. 2 –Replenishing Grace v. 16

Ch. 3 –Resurrection Grace

Ch. 4 –Redeeming Grace

OUTLINE

Testimony of the Backslider 1

I went out full and the Lord hath brought me home again empty v. 21

The Lord hath testified against me and afflicted me. v. 21

Testimony of the Blessed 2

Her Hap v. 3

Hap- God’s sovereign providence

Her handfuls of purpose v. 16

Testimony of the Betrothed 3

V. 4 “He will tell thee what thou shalt do.”

V. 13 “It shall be in the morning.”

V. 15-17 six measures –all you need

V. 18 “he will not rest until he finishes.”

Testimony of the Bought 4

What the Law could not do; Grace did v. 4-6

Put the Gentiles on the deed v. 5

We’re part of the family v. 10

There is a son born to Naomi v. 17

Conclusion: v. 15 Ruth is the genealogy of Christ (Matt 1:5-6)

AUTHOR

Samuel is thought to be the author of most of the book. 1 Sam, 10:25 (1 book in Hebrew) and 1 Chronicles 29:29-30 suggests multiple authors such as: Samuel, Nathan, and Gad. Many believe that some students in the school of Prophets did some of the writing.

DATE

Middle 900 B.C.

The book covers a period of 94 years.

Covers the birth of Samuel to his death.

OCCASION

To form a link from Theocracy to Monarchy. It’s a fast moving narrative of a king and his kingdom, and the influence of the prophet of God upon that kingdom.

OUTLINE

Failure of Priestly office – Eli 1-2

Eli’s failure as a Priest 1:9, 13

Eli’s failure as a Parent 2:12-17

Forming of the Prophetic Office – Samuel2-7

Samuel as a Person (Birth and Boyhood) 2-3

Samuel as a Prophet 4-7

Founding of the Princely Office (Saul and David) 8-31

Tragedy of Saul 8-15

Training of David 16-30

Conclusion: Death of Saul is in Ch. 31

KEY VERSES

Ch. 8 is the key chapter

8:1-8, 5-7; “We want a king”

Luke 19:14; “ We will not have this man to be king over us.”

MAIN CHARACTERS

Samuel (sho-mue-ail) means “Heard of God.” Second to Moses as greatest leader of Israel; Ezra is the next. (see Ps. 99: 5-6)

Saul – To be desired

David – Well-beloved; man after God’s own heart

SPECIAL FEATURES

Prayer is dealt with again and again (over 30 times). 1:10-28; 8:5-6; 9:15; 12:19-23; 28:6

Call to Samuel 3

“We want a king” (Luke 19:14) 8

“The Lord hath rejected thee” 15

David anointed king 16

David and Goliath 17

“Who can stretch forth his hand against the Lord? 26

Death of Saul 31


The nature of Samuel’s ministry is a picture of Christ. He was prophet (2:27-35), intercessor (7:5-8), priest (2:35), and judge (7:15-17). Christ is the Seed of David according to the flesh. (Rom. 1:3; Rev. 22:16).

I Samuel

BOOK OF THE

FIRST KING- SAUL

Samuel, Saul, & David

BOOK OF THE

SECOND KING- DAVID

II Samuel

KEY VERSES

The book has 24 chapters and 695 verses.

5:4-5

7:12-13

22:21-25

MAIN CHARACTERS

David – the Bible never hides the fact that the greatest of the heroes of the faith still had a sin nature and had to deal severely and honestly with their sin; and its consequences were still evident though they repents and were cleansed.

SPECIAL FEATURES

David’s Great Crisis 11-12

David’s Great Covenant 7:4-17

David Covenant – unconditional; it was all God “I will establish your throne, kingdom, and seed forever.”


Comparison must be made with the Davidic Covenant. The same three promises were made to Christ.

Luke 1:32-38 – Throne, kingdom, and seed

AUTHOR

Same as 1 Samuel; most believe that the authorship can be tied together.

1 Chronicles 29:29

DATE

Around 940 B.C.

The book covers the 40 years reign of David

OCCASION

There is no major break between 1 & 2 Samuel. The book begins with David’s great sorrow over Saul’s death, and David’s life and times are covered in great detail. The story of David spans 1 Sam. 16 – 1 Kings 2

OUTLINE

David’s Great Triumph 1-10

Civil War 1-4

Conquest 5-6

Covenant 7

Crowning years 8-10

David’s Great Transgressions 11-12

Lust 11

Loss 12

David’s Great Trouble 13-24

Trouble with kids 13-19

Baby dies

Amnon rapes Tamar 13:1-27

Absalom kills Amnon113:23-29

Absalom rebels against David 15-19

Trouble with kingdom 20-24

This book shows the results of sin. (See James 1:15)

I Kings

BOOK OF THE

DIVIDED KINGDOM

KEY VERSES

There are 22 chapters and the book divides perfectly.

9:4-5

11:11

MAIN CHARACTERS

Solomon’s life traced:

Crowning 2:12

Early days of wisdom 3-4

Power and Glory 6-8

Apostasy through wisdom 10:5, 11:41-43

Rehoboam and Jeroboam 12-14

Ahab and Jezebel 16-22 (16:29-33)

Elijah

SPECIAL FEATURES

Death of David2

Solomon’s request for wisdom3:5-14

Temple dedication 8:22-36, 62-66

Visit of the Queen of Sheba10

Kingdom divides12

Conflict on Caramel 18

Naboth’s Vineyard21

Aimless nameless bowman 22:34


The wisdom of Solomon and God’s heart and mind in giving him such wisdom is a picture of God giving Jesus Christ in his incarnation with the wisdom and fullness of the Godhead. Christ is the personification of wisdom. The splendor and glory is said to be exceeded only by Christ (Matt. 12:42), and the same splendor and glory is attested to in God’s care for his people.

AUTHOR

The author is basically unknown. The Talmud holds Jeremiah as author. There are various similarities between 1& 2 Kings and Jeremiah.

DATE

During the Babylonian exile (588-538 B.C.) The book covers 120 years – from the beginning of Solomon’s reign to the end of Ahaziah’s reign (971-851 B.C.)

OCCASION

Solomon had led the nation to its peak in size and glory. His zeal for God had become so diminished because of his pagan wives and their pagan gods that it finally divided his heart and left a divided kingdom after his death. The book also gives a picture that is both practical and prophetic of how Scriptural decay leads to spiritual and moral corruption and defeat.

OUTLINE

United Kingdom 1-11

Solomon’s 40 year reign

Temple building and dedication

David’s death

Divided kingdom 12-22

Solomon’s death (ch .11)

Rehoboam declares severe taxes

Jeroboam leads revolt of 10 Northern Tribes

Rehoboam rules Judah in Jerusalem

Of all the kings listed in this book, only Asa and Jehoshaphat do right in the sight of the Lord.

(15:11; 22:43)

Elijah ministers during the period.

II Kings

BOOK OF THE

KINGDOM CAPTIVITY

KEY VERSES

Key Chapter - 25

17:22-23

23:27

MAIN CHARACTERS

Elijah and Elisha

Kings of Israel and Judah (see chart of kings)

Kingdoms of Assyria and Babylon

The Prophets

SPECIAL FEATURES

Special Chapter Titles

“Chariot of Fire” –Ch. 2

“Bring Your Vessels Not a Few” – Ch.4

“Go Dip 7 Times in Jordan” –Ch. 5

“Borrowed Ax” –Ch. 6

“They that Be With Us” – Ch. 6

“I Have Found the Book” –Ch. 22

Special Lessons

School of the prophets in the N. Kingdom, one would think the judgment would be less but where great light is more is required.

When the kingdoms fought each other, they weakened themselves to the enemy without.


Elisha reminds us of Christ in that Elijah lived apart from people and stressed law, judgment, and repentance but Elisha lived among the people and emphasized grace, life, and hope.

In spite of all idolatry ungodliness, and division, God still preserved life of David through whom Christ would be born.

AUTHOR

See information on 1 Kings

Anonymity is the best suggestion, strong internal evidence points to Jeremiah.

DATE

588-538 B.C.

The last recorded even occurred in 560 B.C.

OCCASION

The book of 2 Kings continues the drama of the kings of Israel and Judah that was begun in 1 Kings. Nineteen evil kings ruled consecutively in Israel leading to Assyrian captivity in 722 B.C. There were some godly kings in Judah and lasted 136 years longer but ultimately went into captivity to Babylon in 3 separate sackings of Jerusalem by Nebuchadnezzar (605, 597, 586)

OUTLINE

The book opens with the translation of Elijah to Heaven and closes with the transportation of God’s people to Babylon.

Northern Kingdom (Israel) 1-10

Elijah goes to Heaven 1:1-2:11

Elisha’s Ministry2-10

Both Kingdoms 11-17

Elisha Dies 13

Assyrian captivity 17

Southern Kingdom (Judah) 18-25

Revival under Hezekiah 18-21

Reform under Josiah 22-23

Temple rebuilt 22:1-7

Law of Lord Rediscovered 22:8-23

Babylonian Captivity 24-25

Kings of Israel

Northern Kingdom

Kings of Judah

Southern Kingdom

Kings of Israel & Judah

I Chronicles

BOOK OF THE

HIGHLIGHTS OF DAVID’S LIFE

KEY VERSES

29:10-13

17:14

MAIN CHARACTERS

God in His Grace (Faithful to His Promises)

David in his greatness (Faithful to his God)

Ezra in his goodness (Faithful to Minister to the needs of the People)

SPECIAL FEATURES

Beginning with Adam and ending with the decree of Cyrus, this book had greater scope dealing with more time and more people than any other book in the OT.

Covers almost 3,600 years.

OT history tells us of four major world powers: Egypt, Assyria, Babylon, and Persia

Later on it will be Greece and Rome.

Against the changing panorama of world empires, God wrote Hebrew history. Immutable in His council, invincible in His purpose, overruling the passion and powers of men, undeterred in performing His will, God remains on the throne through every empire.

1 Chronicles 4:1-10


The tribe of Judah is placed first in the national genealogy in 1 Chronicles because the monarchy, temple, and Messiah emanates from this tribe (Gen. 49:10) since the book of Chronicles is last in the Hebrew Bible the genealogies of 1 Chron. 1-9 are really a preamble to the genealogy of Christ in the first book of the N.T.

AUTHOR

Most believe Ezra to be the author because of similar styles and perspectives (2 Chron. 36:22-23; Ezra 1:1-3)

1 & 2 Chronicles were originally one book.

DATE

Written in Post-exilic period (535-500 B.C.), there is no doubt it was intended for the returning remnant of Jews, because they needed spiritual encouragement and a restatement of God’s promises.

OCCASION

You must remember the importance of the names of the people of God and the line that was chosen, and the promises of God. It seemed to them that there past and future had been carted off to Babylon never to be recovered. Even once they had returned home they thought it would never be the same. Ezra restates things to strengthen faith and show God still loved them and still held his promises to them.

OUTLINE

The Davidic Covenant is being reestablished in the minds of people.

Genealogy of God’s Chosen Line 1-9

Greatness of God’s Chosen King 10-12

Glory of God’s chosen Place 13-16

(The bringing of the Ark of Jehovah to Jerusalem meant that power and presence of the Lord God was in captivity of the kingdom.)

The Grace of God on His Covenant People 17-21

Race to Nation (Israel)

Nation to Tribe (Judah)

Tribe to Family (House of David)

This is the Covenant that even Exile cannot destroy

The Grandness of God’s Temple Service 22-29

BOOK OF THE

SOLOMON AND

HIS SUCCESSORS

II Chronicles

KEY VERSES

15:1-4

20:20

30:18, 20

MAIN CHARACTERS

The Great King the Lord God Almighty

The godly kings of Judah

SPECIAL FEATURES

2 Chronicles 7:14

If my people, which are called by my name, shall humble themselves, and pray, and seek my face, and turn from their wicked ways; then will I hear from heaven, and will forgive their sin, and will heal their land.

2 Chronicles 16:9

For the eyes of the LORD run to and fro throughout the whole earth, to shew himself strong in the behalf of them whose heart is perfect toward him. Herein thou hast done foolishly: therefore from henceforth thou shalt have wars.

Two Great Promises

The temple is dealt with in its conception (David), construction (Solomon), corruption and cleansing (kings of Judah), conflagration (Nebuchadnezzar).

The Throne of David has been destroyed but the line of David remains. Trace it through murders, treachery, wars, idolatry, captivity, but find it unbroken as chronicled in the books of Chronicles, Matthew 1, and Luke 3


The Temple prefigures Christ as Jesus said in Matthew 12:5-6 and John 2:19.

AUTHOR

Ezra, the Ready Scribe (Ezra 7:6-10)

Same as the authorship credentials as 1 Chronicles

DATE

Post-exilic period after the Babylonian Captivity (435-400 B.C.)

Covers 971-535 B.C.

OCCASION

The book of 2 Chronicles basically parallels 1 & 2 Kings, but it virtually ignores the kingdom of Israel because of the false worship and idolatry as well as refusal to acknowledge the Temple in Jerusalem.

2 Chronicles focuses on godly kings who pattern their lives after David. Extended treatment is given to Asa, Jeshosaphat, Joash, Hezekiah, and Josiah.

Name means account of the days.

OUTLINE

Reign of Solomon 1-9

Rebellion of Northern Tribes 10

Reign of the Kings of Judah 11-36

Conclusion – The Temple in Jerusalem is the unifying theme in 1 & 2 Chronicles. Therefore prominence is given to the Temple restorers. The Temple symbolically stood for the presence of God among His people and was a reminder of God’s high calling on them. The Davidic line and its preservation continue to receive great attention.

BOOK OF RETURN AND RESTORATION

Ezra

KEY VERSES

1:5, 3Return

7:6, 10Restoration

MAIN CHARACTERS

Cyrus (Because he is the “Servant of the Lord)

Zerubbabel (acted as governor)

Jeshua (acted as high priest)

Ezra (Ready Scribe who had prepared his heart and had God’s hand upon him therefore he could denounce sin)

SPECIAL FEATURES

Three Returns�

�

1st�

Zerubbabel�

535 B.C.�

�

60 yrs. interval between ch. 6-7 (Time of Esther)�

�

2nd�

Ezra�

456 B.C.�

�

3rd�

Nehemiah�

444 B.C.�

�


Continual fulfillment of God’s promise to bless the house of David and Tribe of Judah, Land of Palestine, and City of Jerusalem.

Picture of Christ’s compassion, willingness upon confession to restore to place of blessing.

AUTHOR

Ezra – from Hebrew Ezer means “helps”

Jewish tradition and the Talmud records him as author

Ezra 7:28-9:15 is written in the first person.

DATE

Probably written 457-444 B.C.

Sackings of Jerusalem: 605 Daniel, 597 Ezekiel, 586 Final Destruction.

Decree of Cyrus: 605-535 is 70 years, 586-516 is 70 years.

OCCASION

Cyrus’ Decree (Ezra 1:1-2) 535 B.C.

Jeremiah’s Prophecy (Jer. 25:8-12; 29:14)

See Isaiah’s Prophecy (Isa. 44:24-45:3) 712 B.C.

Ezra and Nehemiah deal with returning remnant of about 50,000 Jews. Esther deals with the Jews that remained in Babylon.

OUTLINE

Rebuilding of Temple Walls 1-6 (Zerubbabel)

Restoring the Temple Worship 7-10 (Ezra)

His Exercise 7

(Teaching Mosaic Law)

His Experience 8

(Testimony of God’s Blessing)

His Example 9

(Confession of Sin with Weeping)

His Exhortation 10

(Spoke out on mixed marriages - Believers and unbelievers)

BOOK

OF REBUILDING

Nehemiah

KEY VERSES

2:5 Will of God

6:15-16 Work of God

MAIN CHARACTERS

Nehemiah

Born in exile, unblemished character, king’s cupbearer, man of prayer, courageous governor

SPECIAL FEATURES

Foundational Truths for Preaching (8:1-8)

Reading of Scripture Distinctly

Pulpit of Wood

Platform raised high for preaching

Preacher praised and blessed the Lord

People said “Amen, amen”

Hands raised in agreement and praise to God

Interpret plainly and apply clearly

“Remember me, O my God, for good” 13:31


Like Ezra, Nehemiah portrays Christ in His ministry of restoration and reconciliation. Nehemiah is an illustration of Christ in that he gave up a high position to identify with his people. He comes with a specific mission and fulfills it. His life is characterized by prayerful dependence on God.

AUTHOR

Nehemiah

1:1; 13:6-10, 23-25, 1-f

DATE

444-432 B.C.

During these years, Nehemiah is recognized as the governor of the region. His name means “Comfort of Jehovah”

OCCASION

Ezra deals primarily with religious restoration of Judah (Temple), while Nehemiah is concerned with Judah’s political and geographical boundaries being re-established therefore the capital city walls had to be rebuilt.

First seven chapters are devoted to rebuilding the walls that establish security. As governor, Nehemiah established firm civil authority and strong central leadership. The book basically serves as autobiography of Nehemiah. It opens and closes with prayer and its message is for those who would serve.

OUTLINE

Work of Construction 1-7

Prayer and Place 1-2

Plan and Problems 3-4

Prize and Poll 5-7

Work of Consecration 8-10

Congregation 8

Covenant 9-10

Work of Consolidation 11-13

Distribution and Dicendency 11-12:26

Dedication of City 12:14-27

Dealing with Sin 13

BOOK OF PROVIDENTIAL CARE

Esther

KEY VERSES

4:13-14 Mordecai command

4:16 Esther’s courage

8:16-17 Jewish contentment

MAIN CHARACTERS

Ahasuerus (Xerxes) Persian King

VashtiDeposed Queen

HamanJew hater

MordecaiJewish Leader

EstherJewish orphan became queen

Godwhose hand is present though His name is not

SPECIAL FEATURES

Phrases

“For such a time as this”

“If I perish, I perish”

Lessons

Behind all human affairs is the unseen hand of God.

Both good and evil have their ultimate reward

The wicked may propose for a season but end is horrible.

The smallest most insignificant are woven into the grand and eternal plan of God.

Feast of Purim

Purim is plural form of pur and is a feast of lots. Its essence is for the child of God it is not a roll of dice but every event is ordained of God. It was written in the book.


Esther like Christi puts herself in place of death for her people but receives approval of king. She portrays Christ’s work as our advocate. Further, God continues to preserve his people despite hatred, persecution, and threatened extinction. Nothing can hinder the coming of Messiah.

AUTHOR

Unknown

Probably as debatable as much as any book as for human penman. Possibly Jews in Persia, Mordecai, or some say Ezra but God inspired.

DATE

Falls historically between Chapters 6-7 of Ezra. Perhaps around 450 B.C. because no prophecy after 400 B.C. there is no shred of Greek influence. Covers 12-20 years where Xerxes king of Persia (Ahasuerus)

OCCASION

The great purpose of the book is to relate how a great host of Jews were saved from extermination at the hand of a king under the influence of a Jew-hating prime minister. Though the name of God never appears in the book, his divine providence is there so you can see His hand and feel His presence. It is the same hand that delivers them from Egypt, guided in the wilderness, protected in every war, and provision in every persecution.

(Scroggie, p. 496; Tetragrammaton ; yhvh appears 4 times in book as acronym; 1:20, 5:4; 7:7)

OUTLINE

Rise of Esther 1-2

Lies of Haman 3-5

Prize of Faith 6-10

How the plot was formed 1-3

Marriage of Ester

Ministry of Mordecai

Malice of Haman

How the Plot was fought 4-5

Cry of Israel

Conviction of Mordecai

Courage of Esther

Confidence of Haman

How the Plot was foiled 6-10

Death of Haman

Decree of King

Deliverance of Israel

Days of Purim

Dignity of Mordecai

BOOK

OF

SUFFERING

Job

KEY VERSES

13:15 Sovereignty of God and suffering of his children

5:17 -Lord’s correction

23:10 -Our path

37:23-24

Chapter 42 – Victory

MAIN CHARACTERS

JobPersecuted

EliphazGod is fine gold (23:10)

BildadSpecial sight

ZopharChirper, or whistler

ElihuMy God is He

SPECIAL FEATURES

Four Views of Suffering

Satan – God’s people serve him for gain and only for the good they get out of it.

Most people (including Job’s friends) – suffering of the righteous is punishment from God.

Elihu - God is a great God and perhaps he seeks our attention through difficulties (33).

God – the godly are afflicted so that they might be brought to self-knowledge, self-judgment, and resulting purity.

Five Ways God Uses Affliction

Humble 22:29

Test 2:3

Rearrange Priorities 42:5-6

Discipline 5:17

Prepare for future service 42:10


A Redeemer 19:25-27

Daysman (mediator) 9:32-33; 25:34; 33:23-24

“This book rises like a pyramid in the history of literature without a predecessor and without rival.”

AUTHOR

Unknown

There are many speakers but the author is unknown. He may have been a friend of Moses, but more than likely he was a friend and contemporary of Abraham.

DATE

Job lived around 2000B.C. it is probably the oldest book in the Bible. The language and details place it in the Patriarchal Period probably between Genesis 11-12. No mention of the nation of Israel or the land of Egypt or the Land of Canaan or the Law. Puts it prior to Genesis 12 but after the Flood.

OCCASION

Written in setting of Job’s family living in the land of Uz, which is east of the Dead Sea in Edom.

(Lamentations 4:21). It is written to show disciplinary nature of suffering and to inspire patience in the lives of Bible reader when they face “misfortunes” in life.

OUTLINE

Disasters of Job 1-2

Explanation of his Troubles

Extent of his Troubles

Debates of Job3-41

Job’s cry 3

Job’s critics 4-31

Job’s comforter 32-37

Job’s creator 38-41

Deliverance of Job 42

Reconciliation to God 42:1-6

Restoration from God 42:7-17

Internal evidences to validity of the book

Ezra 7:14; James 5:11

Hebrew Poetry

Science & Creation in the

Book of Job

BOOK OF THE HYMNS OF THE HEBREWS

Psalms

KEY VERSES

19:14 “Words of our mouth”

29:2 “Worship of the Lord”

45:21 “Work that is eternal”

MAIN CHARACTERS

The Lord is the main character.

Subordinates: all worshippers that are His people.

The book is written in a way to pull us into the attitude of worship and praise.

Two Central Themes

Worship-attitude of the heart

Praise-outward worship of the mouth

SPECIAL FEATURES

According to what Jesus said in Luke 24:24, the Psalms are full of Jesus Christ.

Messianic Psalms

Many of the Psalms cannot be fully appreciated unless you realize they are Messianic:

2, 18, 16, 22, 23, 40, 41, 45, 68, 69, 72, 87, 89, 102, 110, 118.

In these Messianic Psalms, we see Christ in his: birth betrayal, agony, passion, resurrection, ascension, glorious coming to reign. The Old

Testament and particularly the Psalms speak almost three times more about his second coming than his birth. This makes the fact that Psalms is the most quoted book of the Old Testament in the New Testament perfectly logical.

“Psalms is in the heart of the Bible because it deals with the heart issues of life.”


The Messianic Psalms listed above.

Names of God in the book

El – God, the almighty (432)

Adonai – Lord, sovereign master (61 times)

Jehovah – Lord, promise keeper and maker (678 times) associated with Christ.

Shaddai – Almighty Provider and Blesser; Almighty (3 times)

Selah – stop and think (71 times)

AUTHOR

73 OF 150 Psalms attributed to David

12 to Asaph; Priest in charge of music

10 to sons of Korah

Solomon wrote 2

Moses wrote Ps. 90; Heman wrote Ps. 88; Ethan wrote Ps. 89.

Remainder are anonymous as to the human pen.

DATE

The book spans 1,000 years of Old Testament history. If Moses wrote Ps. 90, he wrote between 1445-1405 B.C. Some were written in the post-exilic period between 450-400 B.C. that being the case Ezra could have written some of the anonymous Psalms. The majority were written around 1000-900 B.C.

OCCASION

The name means “songs of praise” which comes from the Hebrew word tehellim. Even Christ spoke of the Psalms. It is the most quoted book of the Old Testament. Psalms is full of the Lord Jesus Christ. Psalms spends time surveying the words and attributes of God thus serving as a devotion book for the people of God. The common theme is worship and praise.

OUTLINE

Psalms is divided into 5 sections with each section paralleling the Pentateuch

The Genesis Psalms 1-41

Key thought: God’s foundational counsel to mankind.

Doxology: 41:13

The Exodus Psalms 42-72

Key thought: Nation of Israel and their Deliverance

Doxology: 72:18-20

The Leviticus Psalms 73-89

Key thought: Temple sanctuary and the worship of God

Doxology: 89:52

The Numbers Psalms 90-106

Key thought: Rebellion of God’s people

Doxology: 106:48

The Deuteronomy Psalms 107-150

Key thought: all that God has said, God’s Holy Word; longest chapter in the Bible (119) each verse is about God’s Word

Doxology: 150

BOOK

OF

WISDOM

Proverbs

KEY VERSES

1:7

9:10 - We need to fear God.

MAIN CHARACTERS

There is no specific main character in the book. The main characters are the Proverbs themselves. The Hebrew word for Proverbs means comparison or parallel. A proverb uses a figure of speech to teach illustrations. It is a book of simple illustrations on the reality of life.

SPECIAL FEATURES

The prominent teaching method in the Proverbs is contrast.

Great teachings on key subjects

Things God hates 6:16-19 “The more you love something the more you hate the things that destroy it.”

Immorality and Impurity 7

“The way you dress tells people what you are.”

Strong drink 20:1; 23:29-35

Discipline of children 22:15,6; 20:20

Virtuous woman 31

Conclusion: As the book of Psalms is to the devotional life, Proverbs is the daily life. There are 31 chapters in the book and 31 days in a month.


In chapter 8, wisdom is personified. It is divine (8:22-31), it is the source of life (8:35-36), it is righteous and moral (8:8-9), and it is available to all who will receive it. The very wisdom that God spoke of in Proverbs became incarnate in Jesus Christ (Colossians 2:3)

AUTHOR

Primarily Solomon. The book is divided into 4 sections and Solomon is named in 3 of the 4 sections {1:1; 10:1; 25:1 (see I kings 4:32; Ecclesiastes 12:9)} Chapter 30 by Agar and Chapter 31 by Lemuel or his mother.

Solomon was the editor of the Proverbs of his day.

Solomon wrote Song of Solomon when young and in love, Proverbs at the peak of his power, and Ecclesiastes when he was old and reflective.

DATE

950-900 B.C.

The date of the writings of Chapters 30-31 are unknown.

OCCASION

Proverbs 1:1-6: To know wisdom and instruction, to perceive the words of understanding, to receive the instruction of wisdom, justice, judgment, and equity, to give subtilty to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion, to understand a proverb and the interpretation.

Proverbs is the only poetic book with clear description of the reasons for its writing.

These Proverbs are the words of the wise. Pr. 1:23

OUTLINE

Chronological Outline

Counsel for Young Men 1-10

Counsel for All Men 11-20

Counsel for Kings and Rulers 21-31

Subject Outline

Duties of Man to God 1:7; 3:5

Duties to Ourselves 1:10

Duties to Our Neighbor 12:25; 14:31

Duties to Parents and Children 4:1; 22:6

Duties to Civil Life 22:2; 16:14; 18:23

BOOK

ABOUT

LIFE

Ecclesiastes

KEY VERSES

2:11

12:13-14

MAIN CHARACTERS

On first glance Solomon would seem to be the main character. However, upon careful examination, we find that the main character is lfie with all its seeming splendor apart from God. The only character that rivals life is the emptiness that it will bring. (see 1 Kings 11:3; 4:20-34; 10:1-10, 26-29)

SPECIAL FEATURES

Solomon’s conclusions about life apart from God.

Utter futility 2:11

Cycle of Repetition 3:1-8

Permeated with sorrow 4:1

Without purpose 4:2-3; 8:15

Unjust and Unfair 17:15; 8:14

Uncertain 9:11-12

Frustration & Grievous 2:17

Level of Animal Existence 3:18-20

Solomon’s conclusions about life blessed by God:

Even young people don’t have to live empty 12:1

Let our words be acceptable 12:9-11 “If you are separated because of who you are then you are a Pharisee, but if you are separated because of who Jesus is, you are a saint.”

Fear God and keep His commandments 12:13-14


Christ in the book

Even though it is written from the human perspective, God’s existence, God’s Sovereignty and Power (6:2), God’s justice (5:8), Man’s sinfulness (1-12), and God’s judgment (12:14) are present. (Heb. 1:1-2) I find the Lord where I find His attributes.

AUTHOR

Traditionally accepted to be Solomon.

1:1 “Son of David, king in Jerusalem.”

(See also Eccl. 1:12-13 and 2 Samuel 12:4)

DATE

Later in his life around 935 B.C.

It is suggested that the great glory years of his reign are fading and the kingdom will soon divide. The book may have been written in response to God’s rebuke (1 Kings 11:1-11)

OCCASION

The book of Ecclesiastes is written to show the vanity and futility of life without God. The word Ecclesiastes means preacher or one who addresses an assembly. The whole book is one sermon by Solomon who is preaching. The man who acquired more knowledge than anyone is going to preach a sermon. The man who had more ability and opportunity for pleasure has a sermon to preach.

The arguments presented are not God’s arguments they are His record of the arguments. The book presents a clear message to the futility of happiness and meaning to life apart from God. In this message, he postulates that possession, power, prestige, popularity, and pleasure apart from God will not only leave a man empty but will also cause him to hate life (2:17)

OUTLINE

Key Words:

Vanity – emptiness, vapor, something you cannot grasp (occurs 37 times)

Under the sun – on earth without God (occurs 29 times)

Vexation of Spirit – Eats at the heart constantly (occurs 9 times), These account for 90% of the phrases in the book.

Man (occurs 47 times)

Labor (occurs 36 times)

Preacher’s Subject 1:1-11

Preacher’s Sermon 1:12-10:20

Things he had sought 1:12-2:26

Things he had seen 3-6

Things he had studied 7-10

Preacher’s Summary 11-12

Repeats his complaint 11

Relates his Conclusion 12

The whole book is a sermon that concludes in 12:13-4

BOOK OF UNION AND COMMUNION

Song of Solomon

KEY VERSES

2:4

6:3

7:10

“My beloved” name of Shulamite for King

“My love” name by King for Shulamite

MAIN CHARACTERS

Two Speakers

Shulamite (church or individual Christian)

Shepherd (King in disguise; Christ)

People who hold this idea believe 4:1-15 I one speaker.

Three Speakers

Shulamite (same)

Solomon (prince of world) 4:1-7 Solomon speaking

Shepherd (true shepherd, not Solomon; Christ)

4:7-15 Shepherd speaking

SPECIAL FEATURES

“This is the great mystery but I speak of Christ and the church.” Eph 5:32

Bernard (an old saint): “This is the Songs of Songs. This is the first of all the rest. Grace alone can teach it – experience alone can learn it. Without spiritual mind, it is impossible to enter into the spirit of the song, illustrating as it does the union and communion existing between Christ as a bridegroom and the church as bride.”


In the O.T., Israel is regarded as the bride of Yahweh (Isa. 54:5-6, Jer. 2:29, Ecc. 16:8-14). In the N.T., the church is seen as the Bride of Christ (Eph. 5:23-25; 2 Cor. 11:2; Rev. 19:7-9). The Song of Solomon illustrates the former and anticipates the later. This book expresses the highest and innermost feelings of God for his people.

AUTHOR

Solomon (see earlier references to his authorship) (1:1, 5; 3:7, 9,11; 8:11-12)

The book has three names:

Song of Solomon, Song of Song (Hebrew superlative), Canticles – series of song

DATE

Between 965-950 B.C. early in his reign

OCCASION

Historically it had to do with Solomon’s wooing, courtship, and wedding to a shepherdess from Shunam. When she is called the Shulamite (feminine of Solomon in Hebrew) it refers to her great love for and relationship to Solomon. The name Shunamite refers to where she lived. Allegorically it is speaking of God’s relationship with his people to illustrate the union and communion of God with His people. (Hosea 2:19-20); Eph. 5:23-33)

OUTLINE

Book outline

Love Expressed 1-4

Love Triumphant 5-8

Story outline

The Bride’s self knowledge 1:5

She is referred to as the sun-burned Cinderella.

The Bride’s awakening 5:2

The Bride’s excuses 5:3

The Bride’s Discovery 5:6a

The Bride’s Remorse 5:6b

The Bride’s Repentance 5:10-16

Conclusion: The voices of the book

His voice – “Thou are fair” 1:15, 8:6

Her voice – “I will run after thee” 1:4

Her love caused her to seek his presence – “I will lean upon thee” 8:5

Isaiah

BOOK

OF

SALVATION

KEY VERSES

6:1-3

9:6-7

53:5

Key Word - Salvation occurs 26 times in Isaiah and only 7 times in the other prophets.

MAIN CHARACTERS

Jehovah (Lord)

Isaiah

Uzziah

John the Baptist

SPECIAL FEATURES

Isaiah is a microcosom

Bible

66 books

O.T. 39 books

N.T. 27 books

O.T. covers sin and history of Israel

N.T. deals with person and ministry of Christ

N.T. begins with work of John the Baptist

Isaiah

66 chapters

1st section – 39 chapters

2nd section – 27 chapters

Isa. 1-39 History and sin of Israel

Isa. 40-66 deals with person and ministry of Christ.

Isa. 40 predicts work of John the Baptist

Three types of prophecy in Isaiah:

Prophecies fulfilled in his lifetime

prophecies fulfilled after his lifetime (N.T.)

Prophecies yet to be fulfilled

This is a principle that many prophets employ; law of present application, law of partial fulfillment, and law of perfect fulfillment.


His Birth and Incarnation 7:14; 9:6

His Life of Miracles35:5-6

His Message to Preach61:1-3, Lk. 4:16-21

His Suffering and Death53:1-10

His Resurrection and Glory53:11-12

His Ministry to Gentiles9:1-2

His Millennial Reign11:1-6; 29:16-21

AUTHOR

Isaiah means “Salvation of the Lord”

1:1, 2:1 Keynote of the prophets.

It is the saint Paul of the O.T.

Married a Prophetess 8:3

DATE

His ministry (was 740-680 B.C.) began near the end of Uzziah’s reign and extended through the reigns of Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah. After Israel’s demise in 722 B.C., he prophesied judgment for Judah.

OCCASION

His effort was to teach salvation is of God not man. God is Supreme Ruler, Sovereign Lord, and the only Saviour. The judgment of God’s people always comes for four reasons:

Moral depravity

Political corruptions

Social injustices

Spiritual idolatry – cycle starts here.

OUTLINE

Israel: God’s Faithless Servant 1-35

Her sins listed 1,3,5

Her future predicted2,4,9,11,12,25-35

Her prophet’s vision 6

Her wicked king’s unbelief 7

Her enemies judged 13-35

Hezekiah: God’s Frightened Servant 36-39

Hezekiah and the King of Assyria 38

Hezekiah and the King of Heaven 39

Hezekiah and the King of Babylon 39

Christ: God’s Faithful Servant 40-66

The Deliverance 40-48

The Deliverer 49-57

The Salvation of Jehovah

The Delivered 58-66

The Glory of Jehovah

Isaiah was a poetic genius –an artist with words, a master of language. He was called the Prince of Prophets, the Messianic Prophet, the Evangelical Prophet, and the Universal Prophet. See songs of Vineyards (5), Redeemed (12), Desert (35), and Restored Wife (54).

Jeremiah

BOOK

OF

WARNING

KEY VERSES

7:23-24, 28

8:10-12

Key thought – “Judah’s last hours”

Return is mentioned 47 times.

MAIN CHARACTERS

Jeremiah-Weeping prophet

Judah -Wayward People

Babylon-Wicked Persecutors, mentioned 164 times

SPECIAL FEATURES

Promise of God to Jeremiah 1:8 “Be not afraid, I am with thee.”

Pictures and parables of Jeremiah

Broken Cisterns 2:13

Linen Girdle 13:1-11

Jeremiah’s Celibacy 16:1-5

Potter’s House 18:1-8

Shattered Vessel 19:10-13

Promise of new covenant 31-34


Portrayal of Jesus Christ 23:1-8

Pictured as Coming Shepherd, Righteous Branch, and Reigning King.

23:6 “In his days Judah shall be saved, and Israel shall dwell safely: and this is his name whereby he shall be called, THE LORD OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS.”

Jehovah Tsidkenu – The Lord our Righteousness.

AUTHOR

Jeremiah, the heart-broken prophet with the heart-breaking message

Also known as the weeping prophet. 1:1-3, lived in the city of priests (Anathoth, 2 mi. from Jerusalem)

The book is quoted often in the N.T.

DATE

Jeremiah held a prophetic office over 40 years. Date between 628-580 B.C. There was about a century between Isaiah and Jeremiah. He was a contemporary of Zephaniah, Habakkuk, and Obadiah (in land) and his companion was Habakkuk. His prophecies coincided with the deportation and destruction in captivity. He was a contemporary with Ezekiel and Daniel in Babylon. His ministry began in the days of Josiah.

OCCASION

Three stages of Jeremiah’s ministry

Prophesied while Judah was threatened by Assyria an d Egypt (627-695)

Proclaimed God’s Judgment while Judah was besieged by Babylon (605-586)

Ministered in Jerusalem and Egypt after Judah’s downfall. Jeremiah’s heart was broken many times. It started when Josiah, the godly king, was killed in the Battle of Megiddo. Heart shattered by deportation. Heart crushed by destruction and total sacking of Jerusalem. Jeremiah knew the grace of God through a broken heart. (586-580)

OUTLINE

Call of Jeremiah 1

He is called sanctified to be a prophet of God before his birth (1:4-5)

Covers his identification, inauguration, and instruction.

Crying out to Judah 2-45

His message is communicated through a series of parables, object lessons, and sermons. His personal life is made an illustration.

Crisis for Gentiles 46-51

Series of oracles against nine Gentile nations

Collapse of Jerusalem 52

All that he has been saying is vindicated

Ezekiel

BOOK

OF

GLORY

KEY VERSES

1:1,28 – God gave him direct revelation

Key Words: visions and glory

Key Phrases: Son of Man (occurs 90 times) making Ezekiel a type of Christ, The Word of the Lord came unto me (occurs 49 times)

MAIN CHARACTERS

Ezekiel - The Son of Man so designated

The Lord God appears over 200 times

Jehovah Elohim

SPECIAL FEATURES

Visions of

the Cherubim 1:3-28

the Roll (scroll) 2:0-3:3

Jerusalem 8-11

Dry bones 12:1-16

New Temple 40-48

Symbolic Actions (his life was made an object lesson ; 12:6) that he took because of vision ( I have set before thee a sign unto the house of Israel.)

Lying for 390 days on left side 4:4-5

Lying for 40 days on right side 4:6

Preparing a scant meal 4:9-17

Stamping of his feel 6:11

Digging through a wall 12:1-16

Slashing about with a sword

Boiling a pot of water dry 24:1-14

Tearless at death 24:14-18

All symbols of judgment.


Wonderful Cedar Spring 17:22-24

Rightful King 21:26-27

Faithful Shepherd 34:11-41

Life-Giving Stream 47:1-12

AUTHOR

Obviously Ezekiel (1:3. His name means “God shall strengthen me.” Priest in captivity; had God’s hand on him; and God spoke expressly to him.

DATE

1:1 probably refers to the 30th year of his life.

593 B.C.

If so, he was born under the reign of Josiah.

OCCASION

Fourfold Purpose

To dispel foolish hopes of speedy deliverer from the yoke of captivity and an early return to Jerusalem.

To expose the backsliding of Judah and the resulting judgment of God.

To call individual Jews to repentance.

To call out a “new Israel which would hear the Word of the Lord and inherit the promises.”

OUTLINE

God is glorified in His Sovereignty

God’s Commissioning of the Prophet 1-3

God gave visions of Himself

God’s Judgment on His Covenant people 4-24

God’s dealing with the Nations 25-39

Includes Gentile nations and Israel, and the section culminates with the great chapters of 38-39, where God talks about what he will do with nations that come against Israel (Russia, Germany, Iran, Libya)

God’s Glory revealed on Earth 40-48

References to glorious temple and worship of the future 43:2-3; 44:4

Daniel

BOOK OF

WORLD KINGDOMS

KEY VERSES

2:20

Key Word: dream or vision

Key Phrase: The Most High Ruleth

MAIN CHARACTERS

Jews: Daniel Shadrach, Meshach, Abednego

Gentiles: Nebuchadnezzar, Belshazzar, Cyrus, Darius

SPECIAL FEATURES

Some of the great stories in the Bible are in Daniel:

Daniel purposed in his heart 1

We are not going to bow (fiery furnace) 3

Handwriting on the wall 5

Is your God able (Lion’s den) 6

Some of the Great prophetic sections in the Bible:

Nebuchadnezzar’s image 2

Head of Gold (Babylon); Chest and arms of silver (Medo-Persia); Stomach and thighs of brass (Greece); legs and feet of iron and clay (Rome)

The 70 weeks of Daniel 9:24-27

Tribulation period – time of Jacob’s trouble

Daniel and his greatness of Character:

He is one of the few men of whom no evil or sin is mentioned. His life was characterized by faith, prayer, courage, and lack of compromise. Dan. 6:3 “excellent spirit”; Dan. 9:23 “thou art greatly beloved in heaven”; Dan. 10-11 “a man greatly beloved”; Dan 10:19 “O man, greatly beloved, fear thou not.” This started in chapter 1 when Daniel purposed in his heart.


Christ is the great stone hewn out who will crush the kingdoms of this world (2:34-35, 44). He is the Son of man who is given dominion by ancient of days (7:13-14). He is the coming Messiah (9:25-26)

AUTHOR

Daniel refers to himself as the author (12:4). He uses the autobiographical first person throughout the book.

DATE

Daniel lived to experience the captivity (70 years). Probably written between 540-530 B.C.

OCCASION

The Book is written to reveal that God controls not only the nation and lives of the Jews but also the might empires of the world. The time of the Gentiles began with the Babylonian captivity and has yet to end. Daniel repeatedly emphasizes the sovereignty and power of God over human affairs. History really is His story (4:25-37)

OUTLINE

Personal History of Jewish Deportation 1

Prophetic plan for the Gentiles 2-7

Prophetic plan for the Israelites 8-12

Minor Prophets

Hosea

BOOK

OF

RETURNING

KEY VERSES

Key Word: Return (occurs 15 times in 14 chap.)

Key Chapter: 4 (key among keys the Lord has a controversy)

11:7-9

14:9

MAIN CHARACTERS

Hosea

Gomer (his adulterous wife)

Unfailing and undying love of God

SPECIAL FEATURES

Chapter 4

The great controversy of the Lord

“My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge” 4:6

This included:

People 4:1-2

Priests 4:4, 7-8

Prophets 4:5

Israel slideth back as a backsliding heifer.

Chapter 11

Great conflict of Israel vs. God


Matthew 2:15 applies Hosea 11:1 to Christ

Called his son out of Egypt.

AUTHOR

Hosea identified in 1:1

His name means “Salvation “which is a hint to his challenge.

DATE

His 40 year ministry spanned the last six Kings of Israel whose capital was Samaria.

From Zechariah – 722 B.C.

Hosea is the prophet for the 0 hour in Israel.

OCCASION

His address is to the N. Kingdom which is often called Ephraim after the largest tribe (5:3, 5,11,13)

Threefold Message

God abhors sin in his people.

Judgment is certain because of the sin.

God’s judgment will be in love.

God is loyal and stands sure. Hosea is used to illustrated the heart of God.

OUTLINE

The Lord has a controversy

Tragedy in Hosea’s Home Life 1-3

Signs reflected in children 1

Sins reflected in the wife 2

Salvation reflected in the husband 3

Tragedy in Hosea’s Homeland 4-14

The polluted people 4-7

The punished people 8-10

The pardoned people 11-14

The book is characterized by the adulterous wife and the faithful husband, which represents adulterous Israel and her faithful Lord.

Joel

BOOK OF

THE DAY OF THE LORD

KEY VERSES

2:12-13

The Day of the Lord

1:15; 2:1-2, 10-11, 30-31; 3:14-16

MAIN CHARACTERS

Judah and her early enemies:

Philistines, Phoenicians, Egypt, and Edom.

SPECIAL FEATURES

Passage on Locusts 2:1-25

Locust swarming over the land was a figurative of nations who would swarm over Palestine. This is one of the great pictures of God’s totality in judgment.

However, if the people would repent, God promises to restore and bless. One of the great promises is “I will restore to you the years that the locusts have eaten.” (2:25)

Passage on Promise of the Holy Spirit 2:28-29

Verse 32 is quoted in Romans 10:13 and Peter quotes verses 28-29 in Acts 2:14-21.

“You can’t turn without God turning you.”

“God changes your mind. You don’t”

Jeremiah 33:18

This passage points out the threefold nature of so many O.T. prophecies: present application, partial fulfillment, and perfect fulfillment yet to come.

Documents

J. Michael Lester | WCBC Classroom Resourceslester.wcbc.edu/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/OT-Survey... · Web viewGroup Books Total Chapters Prophets of Israel Jonah, Amos, Hosea 27