IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

USMLE WEB MAPS-BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES

IVMS is the ultimate medical student Web 2.0 companion. This SDL-Face to Face hybrid courseware is a digitally tagged and content enhanced replication of the United States Medical Licensing Examination's Cognitive Learning Objectives (Steps 1, 2 or 3). Including authoritative reusable learning object (RLO) integration and scholarly Web Interactive PowerPoint-driven multimedia shows/PDFs. Comprehensive hypermedia BMS learning outcomes and detailed, General Principles and Organ System USMLE Web Maps content enriched learning objectives.

http://www.imhotepvirtualmedsch.com/

COMPONENT I: BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY delves into gene expression, protein synthesis, energy metabolism and the metabolic pathways associated with diseases.

GENE EXPRESSION: DNA STRUCTURE, REPLICATION AND EXCHANGE

1.1.1 DNA structure: single- and double-stranded DNA, stabilizing forces, supercoiling

HGP.pdf

DNA and Molecular Genetics

DNA Structure and Analysis

Gene expression: DNA structure, replication, and exchange

1.1.2 Analysis of DNA: sequencing, restriction analysis, PCR amplification, hybridization

DNA Sequence Analysis: Introduction

1.1.3 DNA replication, mutation, repair, degradation, and inactivation

DNA Synthesis.ppt

DNA Synthesis. notes

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

1.1.4 Gene Structure and Organization; chromosomes, centromere and telomere

Genes and Gene Organization

Gene Structure and Genomic Sequence

1.1.5 Recombination, insertion sequences, transposons

DNA Recombination

Insertion Sequences. Notes

Transposons: Mobile DNA .notes

1.1.6 Mechanisms of genetic exchange: transformation, transduction, conjugation, cross-

over, recombination, linkage

Genetic Exchange Mechanisms Slides 4-13

Microbial Genetic Exchange

1.1.7 Plasmids and bacteriophages

Cells Alive and T4 Bacteriophages

Introduction to the Bacteriophages T4 Virus

Inserting a DNA Sample into a Plasmid

GENE EXPRESSION: TRANSCRIPTION (INCLUDING DEFECTS)

1.2.1 Transcription of DNA into RNA, enzymatic reactions, RNA, RNA degradation

Dr Chromos School: transcription of DNA into RNA

Transcription-Synthesis of Messenger RNA (mRNA)

1.2.2 Regulation: cis-regulatory elements, transcription factors, enhancers, promoters, silencers,

repressants, splicing

Transcription Regulation

Gene Regulation: Summary Principles and Overview .PDF

GENE EXPRESSION: TRANSLATION INCLUDING DEFECT

1.3.1 The genetic code

Introduction to Bioinformatics

The Genetic Code

The Human Genome Project

Genetic Code Table and the 20 Amino Acids

DNA-Basics of Structure and Analysis

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

1.3.2 Structure and function of tRNA

Structure and function of transfer RNA

Transfer RNA

1.3.3 Structure and function of ribosomes

Ribosome Structure and Function

Ribosome Structure and Assembly

1.3.4 Protein synthesis

Protein Synthesis Comprehensive

Protein Synthesis (Animation)

Protein Synthesis Summary.ppt

1.3.5 Regulation of translation

Regulation of Translation. Illus. notes

Translation.ppt

1.3.6 Post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, addition of CHO units)

Post-Translational Modifications

1.3.7 Protein degradation

Protein Degradation Resource. notes

STRUCTURE & FUNCTION OF PROTEINS

1.4.1 Principles of protein structure and folding

Protein Structure: The Very Basics .pps

1.4.2 Enzymes: kinetics, reaction mechanisms

Symbolism and Terminology in Enzyme Kinetics

Enzymes and Enzyme Complexes

1.4.3 Structural and regulatory proteins: ligand binding, self-assembly

Regulatory Protein Coordinating Gene Expression

1.4.4 Regulatory properties

Regulation of Enzyme Activity.ppt

Enzyme Regulatory Mechanisms

ENERGY METABOLISM (METABOLIC SEQUENCES & REGULATION) & DISORDERS

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

1.5.1 Generation of energy from carbohydrates, fatty acids, and essential amino acids;

glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway, tricarboxylic acid cycle, ketogenesis,

electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation, glycogenolysis

Step by Step Krebs cycle

Metabolic Pathways and Energy Production.ppt

Krebs citric acid cycle

Energy Production.ppt

Summary Diagram of the Krebs cycle

Electron Transport and Oxidative Phosphorylation .pps

1.5.2 Storage of energy: gluconeogenesis, glycogenesis, fatty acid and triglyceride

synthesis

How Cells Store Energy: ATP. Notes (with Quiz)

Metabolism and Energy Balance.ppt

1.5.3 Thermodynamics: free energy, chemical equilibria and group transfer potential,

energetics of ATP and other high-energy compounds

Energy is conserved: The First Law of Thermodynamics. Notes

Laws of Thermodynamics

METABOLIC PATHWAY OF SMALL MOLECULES AND ASSOCIATED DISEASES

Medical Biochemistry Page IndState-Dr King

Inborn Errors of Amino Acid Metabolism.html notes

Biochemical Pathways-Metabolic Pathways-Comprehensive Map

1.6.1 Biosynthesis and degradation of amino acids (eg, homocystinuria)

1.6.2 Biosynthesis and degradation of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides (eg, gout, Lesch-

Nyhan syndrome)

1.6.3 Biosynthesis and degradation of lipids (eg, dyslipidemias, carnitine deficiency,

adrenogenital syndromes)

1.6.4 Biosynthesis and degradation of porphyrins

1.6.5 Biosynthesis and degradation of other macromolecules and associated abnormalities,

complex carbohydrates (eg, lysosomal storage disease), glycoproteins, and proteoglycans

NetBiochem: Topics, Tables and Still and Animated Graphics

Biochemistry Pathways Illustrated

Interactive Concepts in Biochemistry - Interactive Animations

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

COMPONENT II: CELLULAR BIOLOGY with emphasis on structure and function of organelles, adaptive mechanisms and apoptosis.

2.1 Signal transduction: second messenger systems - voltage- and ligand-gated channels and

receptors

Mechanisms of Single Transduction

Single Transduction with Link to Vitamin & Coenzymes Notes

2.2 Cell components (eg, endoplasmic reticulum, plasma membrane, nucleus, ribosomes)

UTMB- Illustrated Cell Biology Topics

Cellular and Molecular Processes-Comprehensive Map

Tutorial on Biological Membranes

2.3 Cytoskeleton (including cell movement and intracellular transport)

Cytoskeleton Tutorial

2.4 Secretion and exocytosis, endocytosis, transcytosis

Eukaryote vs Prokaryote

Secretion, Endocytosis and Exocytosis.ppt

2.5 Cell cycle: mitosis, meiosis, structure and regulation of spindle apparatus, control points

Mitosis: Labeled Diagram

Cell Cycle and Mitosis Tutorial

Cell Division and Genetic Consequences

Meiosis Tutorial

Cell Cycle, Mitosis and Cell Differientation.ppt

2.6 Epithelial cells (including surface specialization, intercellular junctions, gap junctions, and

desmosomes)

Tissues /e-Histology. Net

Membrane Structure and Function: Cell Junction Proteins

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Cells gap junctions, tight junctions and desmosomes (Slides 37-48)

Junctions Between Cells

2.7 Fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and mesenchymal cells: basement membrane, extracellular

matrix, proteoglycans, fibronectins, adhesion molecules, annexins

Connective Tissues .ppt

Cytology and Histology of Connective Tissue

2.8 Muscle cells (cardiac, smooth, skeletal): structure and regulation of contractile elements,

excitation-contraction coupling

Cardiac and Smooth Muscle

Muscle Mechanism of Contraction and Neural Control.ppt

Muscle Physiology and Design. Illus. notes

2.9 Adaptive mechanism: cell response to injury (eg, hypertrophy, metaplasia)

The Immune Response to Burn Injury

Hypertrophy, heart, gross

Cell Injury Illustrated Lecture Notes

2.10 Mechanisms of cell injury and necrosis (including free radical mediated cell injury)

Cell Injury and Adaptation Mechanisms

Inflammation

2.11 Apoptosis (programmed cell death)

Apoptosis.html notes

Apoptosis.html-Another Look

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

COMPONENT III: GENETICS & HUMAN DEVELOPMENT with stress on embryogenesis, Mendelian genetics, population genetics, pedigree analysis, genetic abnormalities and counseling.

3.0. Embryology: fertilization, cleavage, blastulation, gastrulation, neurulation, and structures

arising out of primary germ cell.

Early Development

Human Growth and Development

The Visible Embryo Project

Embryogenesis: programmed gene expression, tissue differentiation and morphogenesis,

homeotic genes

Embryology-In the Womb

Human Embryogenesis

3.1. Congenital abnormalities: principles, patterns of anomalies, dysmorphogenesis

Congenital Anomalies

3.2. Principles of pedigree analysis: inheritance patterns, occurrence and recurrence risk

General Principles of Medical Genetics

3.3. Population genetics: Hardy-Weinberg law, founder effects, mutation-selection

equilibrium

Population Genetics

Population Genetics for 1st Year Medical Students

3.4. Genetic mechanisms: chromosomal abnormalities, mendelian inheritance,

multifactorial diseases

Terms to Know in Mendelian Genetics

Genetic Linkage and Mapping

Mendelian genetics Problem Sets and Tutorials

Chromosomal Aberrations (simplified lecture notes)

General Principles of Medical Genetics (Comprehensive lecture notes)

Medical Genetics Comprehensive PDF Notes

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

3.5. Clinical correlates of genetics: genetic testing, prediagnosis, newborn

General Principles of Medical Genetics-Clinical Correlates

COMPONENT IV: IMMUNOLOGY: BASIC & APPLIED It explains the functions of the cells involved in immune response, classification of response, genetic regulation of immunogenicity (MHC class molecules), immune impairment and the laboratory techniques in immunologic investigations.

Immune system: goal, division & general function

Immune System.html notes

Adaptive -Innate Immunity Interplay

Animation: Neutralization I Opsonization I Classical complement pathway I Alternate

complement pathway

4.1. Histoimmunology: production and function of granulocytes, natural killer cells,

macrophages

An Immune System Glossary

Granulocytes, Macrophages and Natural Killer Cells.htm notes

4.2. Production and function of T lymphocytes, T lymphocyte receptors

The Immune Response System

The Adaptive Immune Response -T4 Lymphocytes

B lymphocytes- T lymphocyte interactions.ppt

4.3. Production and function of B lymphocytes and plasma cells; immunoglobulin and

antibodies: structure and biologic properties

The Immune System-Humoral

Development of B-Cells.ppt

Immunoglobulin Structure

4.4. Antigenicity and immunogenicity; antigen presentation; cell activation and regulation;

tolerance and clonal deletion

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Hematopoiesis.htm notes

4.5. Immunologic mediators: chemistry, function, molecular biology, classic and

alternative complement pathways, cytokines, chemokines

The Complement System.html Lect Notes

The Role of Complement in Elimination of Microorganisms

Complement System -Lectin Pathway

4.6. Immunogenetics; MHC structure and function, class I, II molecules; erythrocyte

antigens; transplantation

Histocompatability Molecules (Excellent illustration of MHC I & II Molecules)

Class I and II MHC

4.7. Immunizations: vaccines, protective immunity

http://www.mansfield.ohio-state.edu/~sabedon/black17.htm

Epidemiology and Prevention of Vaccine Preventable Diseases

4.8. Immunopathology: Alterations in immunologic response & function

Immunological Defects

4.8.1 T or B lymphocyte deficiencies

B-Cell and T-Cell Screening Test.htm

Primary Immune Deficency.htm

4.8.2 Deficiencies of phagocytic cells

Phagocytic Cell Defects

4.8.3 Combined immunodeficiency disease

Severe Combined Immunodeficency.htm notes

Primary Immune Deficiency Disease.html notes

4.8.4 HIV infection/AIDS and other acquired disorders of immune responsiveness

HIV/AIDS-What it is -a consumer level overview.html

4.9. Immunopharmacology: drug-induced alterations in immune responses

http://cis.nci.nih.gov/fact/7_2.htm

4.10 Immunopathology: immunologically mediated disorders- hypersensitivity (types I-IV)

Immunopathology.html

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Hypersensitivity .htm

4.11.1 Transplant rejection

Hypersensitivity Reactions and Tissue Injury

4.11.2 Risks of transplantation, transfusion (eg, graft-versus-host disease)

http://www.bioscience.org/news/scientis/gvhd1.htm

http://www.cancerbacup.org.uk/info/bone/bone-8.htm

Isoimmunization, hemolytic disease of the newborn

http://info.med.yale.edu/obgyn/reproimmuno/courses/ReproductiveImmunology/tsld001.htm

http://www.emedicine.com/ped/topic959.htm

Immunopathogenesis

http://hivinsite.ucsf.edu/InSite?page=kb-02-01-04

4.12 IMMUNOLABORATORY: immunologic principles underlying diagnostic laboratory tests

(eg, ELISA, complement fixation, RIA, agglutination)

http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec14/ch168/ch168e.html

(Great link to commonly utilized immunologic tests)

http://www.hhmi.org/biointeractive/vlabs/immunology/index.html

COMPONENT V: MICROBIOLOGY & INFECTIOUS DISEASES this component commences with taxonomy, and delves into bacteriology, virology, mycology and parasitology. Throughout the presentation, reference is made to the laboratory diagnosis and the mechanisms of infectivity.

4.0. TAXONOMY: microbial classification and its basis

Classification of Microorganisms. PDF

Classification of Microorganisms.ppt

Prokaryotes.ppt

Classification of Microorganisms.html illustrated notes

5.1. BACTERIOLOGY: Bacteria and bacterial diseases

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Bacterial Structure in Relation to Pathogenicity

Microbiology Laboratory Techniques.ppt

Bacteriology Tutorials.htm

Structure and composition

Gram Negative Bacteria.html notes

Bacteria Structure and Growth.ppt

Structure -Function Pathogenicity Relationship

Metabolism, physiology, genetics and regulation

Nature and mechanisms of action of virulence factors

Bacterial Metabolism

Pathophysiology of infection

Principles of Pathogenesis Bacterial Infection.ppt

Bacterial Pathogenesis

Epidemiology and ecology

Infectious Disease Epidemololgy

Route of infection

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transmission_%28medicine%29

4.17 Principles of cultivation, assay, and laboratory diagnosis

http://www.ucc.ie/ucc/depts/path/LN/diagnostic%20tech1-webversion.ppt

5.2. VIROLOGY: Viruses and viral diseases- physical and chemical properties

- replication

http://www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk/Tutorials/balti/balti.html

Genetics

http://gsbs.utmb.edu/microbook/ch043.htm (viral genetics)

Principles of cultivation, assay, and laboratory diagnosis

- molecular basis of pathogenesis

http://www-micro.msb.le.ac.uk/109/Lectures.html

Pathophysiology of infection latent and persistent infections –epidemiology

- oncogenic viruses

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

5.3. MYCOLOGY: Fungi and fungal infections

- structure, physiology, cultivation, and laboratory diagnosis

- pathogenesis and epidemiology

http://www.nacse.org/ocid/bot461/lectures/lecture1.htm

5.4. PARASITOLOGY: parasites and parasitic diseases

http://www.med.sc.edu:85/book/parasit-sta.htm

Structure, physiology, and laboratory diagnosis

- pathogenesis and epidemiology

http://faculty.uccb.ns.ca/~jfoulds/courses/invertebrate/Powerpoint/Protozoa01.ppt

5.6. LABORATORY TECNIQUES: principles of sterilization and pure culture technique

http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/tables/161tb1.htm

COMPONENT VI: GENERAL PATHOLOGY: PATHOGENESIS AND BIOLOGY OF TISSUE RESPONSE TO DISEASE deals with inflammation (cells & mediators), reparative process and the basic concepts in neoplasia including carcinogenesis, tumor immunology and cancer epidemiology, prevention and control.

6.1. INFLAMMATION (CELLS AND MEDIATORS)

IVMS-General Pathology- Inflammation PPt.

http://ocw.tufts.edu/Course/51/lecturenotes

WebPath-Inflammation Index HTML. Page

(excellent, most comprehensive pathologic basis of inflammation – highly recommended)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflammation

Acute inflammation and mediator systems (pharmacologic mediators)

IVMS-Anti-Inflammatory and Autacoid Pharmacology- NSAIDs

Vascular response to injury (including mediators) Inflammatory cell recruitment (adherence and

cell migration) and phagocytosis

http://mayoresearch.mayo.edu/vmiller_lab/endothelial.cfm

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Bactericidal mechanisms and tissue injury

Clinical manifestations (including pain, fever, leukocytosis, leukemoid reaction, and chills)

http://www.epathoplus.com/inflammation.htm

Chronic inflammation

CHRONIC INFLAMMATION AND WOUND HEALING

IVMS Inflammation Notes

6.2. REPARATIVE PROCESSES

Inflammation and Repair Illustrated Lectures

Wound healing, hemostasis, and repair: thrombosis, granulation tissue, angiogenesis, fibrosis,

and scar/keloid formation

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wound_healing

How wounds heal and tumors form

Regenerative processes

6.3. NEOPLASIA

http://www.pathguy.com/lectures/unknown.htm

http://edcenter.med.cornell.edu/CUMC_PathNotes/Neoplasia/Neoplasia_01.html (excellent

classification of neoplasm)

Classification, histologic diagnosis

http://clinlabs.path.queensu.ca/present/dexter/oldneoplasia/

http://www.vet.purdue.edu/vpb/clinpath/vpb555/555cyt3/sld033.htm

Grading, and staging of neoplasms

http://www.unc.edu/courses/2001fall/biol/008/001/day25/neo5.ppt (Biology & epidemiology of

cancer)

Cell biology, biochemistry, and molecular biology of neoplastic cells: transformation, oncogenes,

altered cell differentiation, and proliferation

http://edcenter.med.cornell.edu/CUMC_PathNotes/Neoplasia/Neoplasia_04.html

Hereditary neoplastic disorders

Invasion and metastasis (mechanism & subtypes)

http://www3.mdanderson.org/DEPARTMENTS/liver/images/method.jpg biologic mechanism of

metastasis

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

http://www.path.sunysb.edu/courses/im/

Tumor immunology

http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section11/chapter143/143a.htm

http://www.mcl.tulane.edu/classware/pathology/medical_pathology/New_for_99/tum_immu/

Paraneoplastic manifestations of cancer

IVMS-Gen Tumors, Host and Paraneoplastic Syndromes

http://www.urotext.com/pages/PNSs.html

http://www.cancernetwork.com/home/frames.htm?http://www.cancernetwork.com/handbook/em

ergencies.htm&3

Cancer epidemiology, control and prevention

http://www.pitt.edu/~super1/lecture/lec0192/

COMPONENT VII: BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES with materials covering organic correlates of behavior, life cycle, human behavior in illness, patients’ interview and medical law and ethics. Medical law & ethics is treated with emphasis on patients’ rights, physician-patient relationship, beginning & end of life issues, clinical research & human experimentation and the ethics of managed care.

Gender, ethnic, and behavioral considerations affecting disease treatment and prevention

(including psychosocial, cultural, occupational, and environmental)

7.0 BEHAVIORAL CORRELATES: neuroanatomical, neurochemistry, neuropharmacologic,

genetic & Psychologic; DSM IV classification of mental illness; Common psychotropic agents

American Psychiatric Association - DSM-IV-TR

eMedicine - Psychiatry

Long - Internet Mental Health

http://www.unr.nevada.edu/~goodman/brain/memory_tutorial.html

http://www.brainsource.com/amazing brain.htm

Neurotramsnitters

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotransmitter

Brain Neurotransmitters

7.1 LIFE CYCLE: progression through the life cycle (birth through senescence)

7.1.1. Cognitive, language, motor skills, and social and interpersonal development

Child and Adolescent Development

http://www.med.umich.edu/yourchild/topics/devmile.htm

7.1.2. HUMAN SEXUALITY: sexual development (eg, puberty, menopause)

http://www.usu.edu/openshaw/3110/3110ppt/adolescent/

http://www.addison.ac.uk/endocrine_modules/module1/lecturers_material/html_files/END1.19b/

7.1.3. Influence of developmental stage on physician/patient interview

http://www.baylorcme.org/adolescent/presentations/middleman/middleman.pdf

7.2 HUMAN BEHAVIOR IN ILLNESS (psychologic and social factors influencing patient

behavior)

http://www.sciencenetlinks.com/lessons.php?BenchmarkID=6&DocID=281

7.2.1. Personality traits or coping style (coping mechanisms)

http://www.alleydog.com/101notes/personality.html

International Encyclopedia of Social and Behavioral Science

http://www.ship.edu/~cgboeree/perscontents.html (excellent on personality theory)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defence_mechanism(excellent on defense mechanism)

7.2.2. Psychodynamic and behavioral factors, related past experience

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychodynamics

7.2.3. Family and cultural factors, including socioeconomic status, ethnicity, and

gender

http://www.euteach.com/euteach_module_a5

http://www.surgeongeneral.gov/library/mentalhealth/cre/execsummary-6.html

Adaptive and maladaptive behavioral responses to stress and illness (eg,

drug-seeking behavior, sleep deprivation)

http://www.alleydog.com/101notes/stress&health.html

7.2.4. Interactions between the patient and the physician or the health care

system (eg, transference)

http://www.oregoncounseling.org/ArticlesPapers/ManagedCare.htm

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

7.2.5. Patient adherence (general and adolescent)

Patient Adherence /Compliance Assessment Instrument.htm

Self-assessment of Personality Theory

Guide to Personality Theory with quiz.htm

7.3. PATIENT INTERVIEWING, CONSULTATION & INTERACTIONS WITH FAMILY

http://zoey.med.howard.edu/2003/archives/ipc/9-7-99-both-hours.htm

7.3.1 Establishing and maintaining rapport

http://www.obgyn.net/medical.asp?page=/english/pubs/articles/rapport01

http://www.obgyn.net/medical.asp?page=/english/pubs/articles/rapport02

7.3.2 Data gathering

http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/medical/clerkships/peds/Clerkship/Objectives/History.html

7.3.3. Approaches to patient education

http://www.ama-assn.org/public/journals/patient/

Doctor-patient relationship

7.3.4. Enticing patients to make life-style changes

http://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/chd/lifestyles.htm

http://www.mercksharpdohme.com/disease/

7.3.5. Communicating bad news

http://www.indiandoctors.com/others/200.php3

7.3.6. “Difficult” interviews (eg, anxious or angry patients)

http://xnet.kp.org/permanentejournal/spring03/angry.html

7.3.7. Multicultural ethnic characteristics

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/89-593-x/89-593-x2003001-eng.pdf

http://www.socialstudies.org/positions/multicultural

Culture Clues. Notes

Cultural Competency Resources Guidelines/. Html

7.4. MEDICAL LAW & ETHICS

7.4.1. PATIENTS’ RIGHTS: consent and informed consent to treatment

http://www.emedicinehealth.com/patient_rights/article_em.htm

7.4.2. Physician-patient relationships (eg, ethical conduct, confidentiality)

http://www.managedcaremag.com/archives/9708/9708.reducerisk.shtml

7.4.3. END OF LIFE - death and dying, right to die?

http://law.jrank.org/pages/5987/Death-Dying-Right-Die-Individual-Autonomy-State-Interests.html

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

http://www.anabaptists.org/tracts/deathtrc.html

7.4.4. BEGINNING OF LIFE – Legal & Ethical Birth-related issues

http://smj.sma.org.sg/3101/3101ra1.pdf

http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/978997-overview

http://www.commed.uchc.edu/medicalhumanities/weblinks.htm

7.4.5. HUMAN EXPERIMENTATION (issues related to patient participation in research –

clinical trials & informed consent)

http://www.nlm.nih.gov/archive//20061214/pubs/cbm/hum_exp.html

http://www.nih.gov/sigs/bioethics/casestudies.html - research

7.4.6. Interactions with other health professionals (eg, referral)

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1924173/pdf/canmedaj01268-0043b.pdf

7.4.7. HUMAN SEXUALITY and the profession, other “boundary” issues

http://fampra.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/18/5/511

http://www.changesurfer.com/Hlth/DPReview.html

http://www.ahs.cqu.edu.au/psysoc/units/53270/pdf/m4c11.pdf

7.4.8. Ethics of managed care

http://www2.umdnj.edu/omcweb/

7.4.9. Organization and cost of health-care delivery

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Health_care_in_the_United_States

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

COMPONENT VIII: EXTERNAL (EXTRINSIC) FACTORS IN DISEASE This component treats of nutritional issues (nutrients classification, functions of nutrients & nutritional deficiencies), thermoregulation, and adaptation to environment and homeostasis.

MULTI-SYSTEM PROCESSES Environmental Pathology Overview

1. NUTRITION

Generation, expenditure, and storage of energy at the whole-body level

Glycolysis.html notes

Gluconeogenesis.html notes

Assessment of nutritional status across the life span (eg, calories, protein, essential nutrients,

hypoalimentation

Nutrition navigator: http://navigator.tufts.edu

American Dietetics Association:

http://www.eatright.org

Healthy People: http://web.health.gov/healthypeople

Functions of nutrients (essential, transfatty acids, cholesterol)

Nutrients, Vitamins, Minerals and Dietary Information

Cholesterol Management Health Center-WebMD

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Trans_fat

Protein-calorie malnutrition

Nutritional Disorders

http://www.xrefer.com/entry/537805

Malnutrition

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Vitamin deficiencies and/or toxicities

DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS

Mineral deficiencies and toxicities

http://www.merck.com/mmpe/sec01/ch004/ch004a.html

http://bama.ua.edu/~shancock/NHM101/Minerals.PDF

Eating disorders (eg, obesity, anorexia, bulimia)

http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/health/medical_notes/newsid_1079000/1079435.stm

http://coe.west.asu.edu/students/jklein/eatingdisorderwq.html (excellent notes)

2. TEMPERATURE REGULATION

http://www.indstate.edu/thcme/mwking/thermodynamics.html

3. ADAPTATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL EXTREMES (including occupational exposures)

Physical and associated disorders (eg, temperature; radiation; burns; decreased atmospheric

pressure; high altitude sickness; increased water pressure)

Trauma and Environmental Injury.html notes

http://www.mic.ki.se/Diseases/c23.html

Chemical (eg, gases, vapors; smoke inhalation; agricultural hazards, volatile organic solvents,

heavy metals; principles of poisoning and therapy)

http://www.sas.org/E-Bulletin/2001-09-15/labNotes2/labNotes.html

http://www.pepps.fsu.edu/caprm/CAPRM II DraftIND/6-3-9c(chem)HumanHealth.doc

http://www.cdc.gov/niosh/elcosh/docs/hazard/chemical.html

4. HOMEOSTASIS: Fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base balance and disorders (eg, dehydration,

acidosis, alkalosis)

http://www.biology-online.org/4/3_blood_sugar.htm

http://www.iacr.bbsrc.ac.uk/notebook/wwwresource/homeostasis319.htm

http://www.ags.uci.edu/~bcrourke/Homeostasis/

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

COMPONENT IX: INTRODUCTORY PHARMACOLOGY: PHARMACOKINETIC & PHARMACODYNAMIC PRINCIPLES Pharmacokinetics is the study of what the body does to a drug. Pharmacodynamics is the study of what a drug does to the body. and effect.

9.1. GENERAL PRINCIPLES

Medical Pharmacology 2000

General Principles--Introduction

Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacodynamics

General Principles of Medicinal Chemistry.html notes (selected pharmacologic agents notes)

Pharmacokinetics: absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, dosage intervals

Pharmacokinetics Tutorial

http://www.cc.nih.gov/training/training/principles/schedule.html

http://www.merck.com/pubs/mmanual/section22/chapter299/299a.htm

Mechanisms of drug action, structure-activity relationships, receptors, signal transduction

http://www.cc.nih.gov/training/training/principles/schedule.html

Concentration- and dose-effect relationships (eg, efficacy, potency), types of agonists and

antagonists and their actions

Drug Receptor Interactions

Individual factors altering pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics (eg, age, gender, disease,

tolerance, compliance, body weight, metabolic proficiency, pharmacogenetics)

Absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion.ppt

(excellent on factors influencing absorption, distribution etc.)

IVMS-General Principles of Pharmacology-Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

Drug side effects, overdosage, toxicology

http://doublecheckmd.com/EffectsDetail.do?dname=Midrin&sid=1176&eid=4910

Regulatory issues (eg, drug development, approval, scheduling)

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

2. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF AUTOCOIDS (including peptides and analogs, biogenic

amines, prostanoids and their inhibitors, and smooth muscle/endothelial autacoids)

http://www.pharmacology2000.com/Histamine/histamine.htm

Renal, Pulmonary and Renal Autocoids .PDF.

3. GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF AUTONOMIC PHARMACOLOGY

Autonomic Introduction

Autonomic Medicinal Chemistry.htm (neurotransmitters)

4. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF ANTIMICROBIALS (including mechanisms of action and

resistance)

Antibacterial Agents

5. GENERAL PROPERTIES OF ANTI-NEOPLASTIC AGENTS,

IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS

Chemotherapy: Introduction & General Principles

Immunopharmacology

COMPONENT X: BIOSTATISTICS AND EPIDEMIOLOGY (QUANTITATIVE METHODS) This component explains the elements of measures, types of measures and basic epidemiologic concepts & principles namely, risk ratio, relative risk, odds ratio, incidence, prevalence, association, sensitivity, specificity, predictive values etc. Study designs, and hypothesis testing & statistical inference are both discussed in detail, in allowing for adequate interpretation of medical literature.

10.1. ELEMENTS OF MEASUREMENT

http://www.health.adelaide.edu.au/icu/files/icu_notes/statistics.pdf

http://www.anu.edu.au/nceph/surfstat/surfstat-home/surfstat.html

http://www.jerrydallal.com/LHSP/bmj.htm (excellent links)

Scales of measurement

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Distribution, centraltendency, variability, probability

http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/309/6960/996

Disease prevalence and incidence

http://bmj.com/epidem/epid.2.html

http://www.caregiver.org/brainC.html

Disease outcomes (eg, fatality rates)

http://courseweb.edteched.uottawa.ca/Medicine_Health/Development/Tutorial1 Notes.htm

Associations (correlation or covariance)

http://astor.som.jhmi.edu/~esg/assoc_lec2.ppt

http://tide.it.bond.edu.au/ianl111/Lectures/week10.ppt

http://fisher.osu.edu/mhr/faculty/todor/todorppt/Lecture8.ppt

http://www.ccsr.ac.uk/rschproj/chcc/ida/unit10/o10.ppt

Health impact (eg, risk differences and ratios)

http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/320/7247/1468

Sensitivity, specificity, predictive values

http://www-unix.oit.umass.edu/~bioep540/topics/probdist/probdist-notes-sens-spec.html

http://www.sbc.su.se/~per/kth-bioinfo-2001/hmm/sensspec.html

http://www.comp.glam.ac.uk/pages/staff/bfjones/ukta/howell/sld021.htm

http://bmj.com/cgi/content/full/309/6947/102 (predictive values)

http://magix.fri.uni-lj.si/predavanja/uisp/slides/uisp09-Evaluation.ppt

10.2. STUDY DESIGNS

http://www.bmjpg.com/rct/contents.html

http://www.sph.unc.edu/courses/epid168/study_designs.ppt

http://anpat.drmm.uniud.it/ctc/resources/STAT.ppt

http://ped1.med.uth.tmc.edu/neo/clinepi3.ppt

http://www.shef.ac.uk/%7Escharr/triage/docs/systematic/index.htm (discusses meta-analysis)

Types of experimental studies (eg, clinical trials, community intervention trials)

http://www.nyviaetc.org/slides/Clinical%20Trials.ppt

IVMS BMS GENERAL PRINCIPLES USMLE WEB MAPS-Global

Types of observational studies (eg, cohort, case-control, cross-sectional, case series,

community surveys)

Sampling and sample size

http://artsweb.uwaterloo.ca/~hdailly3/Lecture5.pdf

http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~oliver/SOC357/Lectures%20and%20Notes/SampleTypesBigSlides.pd

f

http://www.math.virginia.edu/~der/usem170/Chapter09/ (PPT simplified on sampling)

http://www.msu.edu/course/prr/475/djslect/sample.ppt

http://www.cquest.utoronto.ca/geog/ggr270y/notes/not10a.html

Subject selection and exposure allocation (eg, randomization, stratification, self-selection,

systematic assignment)

Outcome…………assessment

http://www.cochrane.dk/nrsmg/docs/nrsmgsymp4.ppt

Internal and external validity

http://www.asc.upenn.edu/courses/comm522/Review.doc

http://carbon.cudenver.edu/~ldeleon/lectr6.html

http://artsweb.uwaterloo.ca/~hdailly3/Lecture4.pdf

10.3. HYPOTHESIS TESTING AND STATISTICAL INFERENCE

Confidence intervals (95% CI)

http://www.esm.ucsb.edu/academics/courses/206/Lectures/Hypothesis%20Testing.ppt

http://fisher.osu.edu/mhr/faculty/todor/todorppt/Lecture8.ppt

Statistical significance and type I error

http://www.ganesha.org/spc/hyptest.html (simplified)

http://trochim.human.cornell.edu/kb/hypothes.htm

Statistical power and type II error

http://davidmlane.com/hyperstat/logic_hypothesis.html (detailed)

http://www.stat.lsa.umich.edu/~akapatou/Stat400/lecture_13-16_w02.ppt (simplified)

Designed,Developed and Curated by Marc Imhotep Cray,M.D.

Please report broken links to

drcray@imhotepvirtualmedsch.com