ITS Sketch Planning Tool Webinar

2:00 – 4:00 PM

January 8, 2009

Value and Impacts of ITS Important element of the

decision making process ITS planning and

programming Choice between ITS and

other alternatives Understanding the

impacts/quantifying the benefits

Optimizing existing system operation and design

Evaluation Tool Purpose

Provides long-range assessment of the benefits and costs associated with implementing ITS in a region

Allows the users to assess deployment options within the framework of the MPO adopted FSUTMS models

Accumulates the benefits and costs over the life-cycle duration of each of the improvement types selected by the user

Allows ranking of alternative improvements

Evaluation Approaches “Goal‑based” approach

• Does not compare expected benefit to the expected cost dollar values

“Economic approach” • Does not account for non-quantifiable

measures

Combination of approaches

IDAS

Powerful tool and used as a basis and a starting point for this development

Evaluate a large number of ITS deployments Limitations

Not consistent with the Florida calibrated models Requires manipulation of FSUTMS output files for use as

inputs to the tool Software design and GUI needs improvements Methods and some parameters need to be updated Not flexible to allow evaluating new ITS elements and

components, performance measures, etc.

FDOT Project Develop a tool and methods to perform ITS

sketch planning evaluations as part of the FSUTMS/Cube environment No need for file conversion Use calibrated regional models Flexible and extendable evaluation environment Up to date methods and parameters Powerful data handling and modeling capabilities.

State-of-the-art user interface A joint FDOT System Planning Office and FDOT

ITS Section effort.

Evaluated ITS Deployment Ramp Metering Incident Management Systems Highway Advisory Radio (HAR) and Dynamic Message Signs

(DMS) Advanced Travel Information Systems HOT Lanes Signal Control Transit Vehicle Signal Priority Emergency Vehicle Signal Priority Monitoring and Management of Fixed Route Transit Transit Information Systems Transit Security systems Transit electronic payment systems Smart work zones Road Weather Information Systems

Evaluation Tool

EvaluateITS

Benefits and Costs

ITS B

enefit Database

User

model data

benefit - d

ata

cost - dataevaluation - results

evaluation - parameters

ITS Cost database

FSUTMS Modules

adjusted parameters

Benefit Dollar Values

Example Combined Incident Management and

DMS/HAR Evaluation

IM Evaluation Queuing analysis is used to calculate incident delays;

taking incident frequency, duration, lane blockage, and traffic demand variations into consideration

Queuing theory equations implemented for different periods of the day

Shift of fatalities to injuries as well as secondary incident savings

Evaluation of emission and fuel consumption benefits based on saving in vehicle-miles traveled in queues rather than on default reduction factors

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Evaluation Methodology

Total delay for all the vehicles during one given type of incident is determined by queuing analysis

Multiplying the total delay per incident with number of incidents yields the total annual incident delay

The deployment of incident management reduces the incident duration. The default value is based on I-95, I-595, and I-75 in FDOT District 4.

Incident TypeIncident Rate

(No. of Incidents per MVMT)Incident Duration

(Minutes)

Shoulder Blockage 1.2358 40.1

1-Lane Blockage 0.3555 33.2

2-Lane Blockage 0.1453 43.5

3-Lane Blockage 0.0768 65.7

4 or More-Lane Blockage 0.0384 80.6

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Evaluation Methodology Safety

21% of fatalities is assumed to be shifted to injuries with incident management, which is similar to IDAS

2.8% reduction in total crash rate due to the reduction in secondary incidents based on the study by Mitertek

Systems in San Antonio, Texas

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Evaluation Methodology

Fuel Consumption and Emissions

The calculation for scenarios with and without incident management is based on the speeds of queued and non-queued vehicles and the vehicle-miles in queue

The average queue length is obtained by using the queuing equation, which in turn is used to determine vehicle-miles in queue

DMS/HAR Evaluation

The evaluation of DMS and HAR is combined with incident management instead of evaluating them separately

The activation of DMS and HAR causes route diversions, which reduces the traffic volume on mainline

The increase in travel time for diverted vehicles is determined by the difference in average travel time along the mainline and that on alternative route(s) taking into consideration the average v/c ratio on alternative route and type of alternative route

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Diversion Rate

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65

0.0

0.1

0.2

0.3

0.4

0.5

Div

ersi

on

Rat

e

Delay Savings (Minutes)

Stated preference up to 60 percent of the freeway traffic to exit the freeway ahead of the bottleneck

Lower values for revealed preference

Function of a number of factors

“Boundedly Rational” switching behavior

Relationship used by Huchingson and Dudek

Diversion Rate Studies Diversion Rate Used in Evaluation

Evaluation Methodology Road Ranger Service Patrol

The savings are total annual costs of the services

provided by road ranger service patrol

Index Service COST per ActivityActivity Number

per Vehicle Mile per Year

1 Abandoned $98.43 1.23

2 Assist FHP $854.12 0.06

3 Debris $35.00 0.56

4 Diesel $38.00 0.01

5 Directions $0.00 0.02

6 Dispatch Not Found $0.00 0.66

7 Flat Tire $35.00 2.79

8 Gas $38.00 1.07

9 Jump $35.00 0.27

10 Lock Out $35.00 0.002

11 Minor Repair $35.00 0.27

… … … …

Example - Incident Management Cost (1)

CCTV cameras• 18,000 per assembly and 10,000 per pole

installed. • One per mile. Covers both direction.• 6 year life-time for assembly and 20 year

for pole• Maintenance $3,500 per camera per year

Example - Incident Management Cost (2)

Traffic Detectors• $11,000 per location (assuming true-presence

microwave). $7,000 for the device (including installation and fine-tuning) and $4,000 for the pole.

• loop detector capital cost default value of about 5,000 per detection station location per two-lane

• O&M cost per microwave detector is $400 per year and that of loop detectors is $600 per two lane per location

• One every half mile – cover one direction only.• Detector life is 5 years. Pole life is 10 years.• User can specify other detectors but should provide

initial and O&M costs and life-time.

Example - Incident Management Cost (3)

Service Patrol• The number of service patrol vehicles per

beat, the area of coverage for each beat, and the number of vehicles in different shifts vary per location in an urban area.

• Based on data obtained from District 4, the service patrol program in Broward County costs about $2,500,000 per year and cover 57.8 miles of freeways (contracted).

• Thus, it is estimated that the cost of the service patrol program is about $43,250 per mile per year.

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Model Input

ITS Component

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Model Input

Alternative Information

Alternative letter Modeling year Working directory

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Model Input

Parameters from Demand Model

Auto occupancy Percentage of truck

trips in Truck_Taxi

trips

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Model Input

Input for ITS Applications

Analysis periods, days, and volume factor for each period

Type of incident management (Six combinations for incident management with or without DMS and HAR)

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Model Input

Information type provided by DMS and HAR

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Model Input

Deployment Location Indicate the links within the coverage of incident management by adding one new attribute “IM” and assign the value of 1 to this attribute

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Model Input

Analysis parameters Incident information: frequency, duration, capacity reduction

Accident rate Truck type and fuel

consumption rate Vehicle class percentage

and emission rate for CO, HC, and NOx

Notes: Default values are provided, however, user can modify it based on local conditions.

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Model Input

Impact factors

Diversion rate due to DMS and HAR

Fatality reduction rate and crash reduction rate

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Model Input

Impact factors (Con’t)

Average trip length on the mainline and on the alternative route

Percentage of diverted vehicles using freeway

Road ranger service patrol activities and costs