Key Vocabulary Students will be able to understand the causes of flooding, the consequences of urbanization, and the infrastructure to help control it.

Objectives • The student will be able to

identify at least 3 ways individuals and communities affect the nature and severity of flooding.

• The student will be able to create a model of what occurs in a flood.

• The student will be able to engineer a solution to minimize the damage caused by flooding

Essential Question

Lesson 3: Why Does it Flood?

I T ’ S R A I N I N G , I T ’ S P O U R I N G , I T ’ S F L O O D I N G

I N M A R I C O P A C O U N T Y !

Outcome

What are the effects of urbanization on the natural flow of water?

Watershed An area of land that drains to a particular lake, wash, stream, or river

Urbanization Taking on the characteristics of a city – buildings, parking lots, and other structures

Impermeable A surface that does not allow fluid to pass through

Levee A raised area along the banks of a channel or stream (can be naturally occurring or man made)

Culvert A tunnel carrying a stream or open drain under a road or railroad

Retention Holding back, in this case, water

Channel A depressed linear area where water flows (can be natural or man made)

Green Infrastructure

An approach to water management that protects, restores, or mimics the natural water cycle

Length of Lesson

45-50 minutes

http://www.layoverguide.com/2015/01/phoenix-layover.html/phoenix-arizona-skyline

It’s Raining, It’s Pouring,

It’s Flooding in Maricopa County!

A sixth grade STEM Lesson

Flood Control District of Maricopa County EAH REV 2/11/2019

Objectives I will be able to identify at least 3 ways individuals and

communities affect the nature and severity of flooding.

I will be able to create a model of what occurs in a flood.

I will be able to engineer a solution to minimize the damage caused by flooding.

EAH REV 2/11/2019

Essential Question

What are the effects of urbanization on the natural flow of water?

EAH REV 2/11/2019

Agenda Vocabulary

Flood Videos

Lab

KWL Chart

EAH REV 2/11/2019

Key Vocabulary Watershed – An area of land that drains to a particular lake, wash, stream, or river

Urbanization – Taking on the characteristics of a city – buildings, parking lots, and other structures

Impermeable – A surface that does not allow fluid to pass through

Levee – A raised area along the banks of a channel or stream (can be naturally occurring or man made)

Culvert – A tunnel carrying a stream or open drain under a road or railroad

Retention – Holding back, in this case, water

Channel – A depressed linear area where water flows (can be natural or man made)

Green Infrastructure – An approach to water management that protects, restores, or mimics the natural water cycle

EAH REV 2/11/2019

Rain

EAH REV 2/11/2019

What does it mean when the meteorologist says we received 1 inch of rain? It means that enough rain fell to cover the entire area 1

inch deep, if the water fell straight down and stayed there.

The intensity of the rain also indicates whether or not flooding occurs.

Interactive Flood Simulation

Flooding Videos https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5vewgcYIuJw

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=udRNUBHbE0o

EAH REV 2/11/2019

Make a Floodplain Using the materials your teacher has provided, create a floodplain.

Be sure to include a river in your project (it can be straight or curvy)

Start with a natural landscape

Record your observations

Change the landscape to create an urbanized landscape and record your observations

Work with your team to find solutions to help control the flooding

Complete the VENN Diagram to compare and contrast what happens in an urbanized area compared to a natural landscape

2/11/2019

Observation Sheet

2/11/2019

Natural Landscape vsUrbanized Landscape

2/11/2019

KWL Look back at your KWL chart from

the first lesson. Did you learn anything new that you can add to the “L” column?

EAH REV 2/11/2019

Your Emergency Plan Homework for next time: Know your address Memorize important phone numbers Have a list of other adults you can talk to or wait with, if

you can’t reach your parents or guardians right away. Choose a place that you and your

family will meet if you aren’t ableto make it home.

EAH REV 2/11/2019

An area of land that drains to a particular lake, wash, stream, or

river

Taking on the characteristics of a

city – buildings, parking lots, and other

structures

A surface that does not allow fluid to pass

through

A raised area along the banks of a channel or

stream (can be naturally occurring or

man made)

A tunnel carrying a stream or open drain

under a road or railroad

Holding back, in this case, water

A depressed linear area where water flows (can

be natural or man made)

An approach to water management that

protects, restores, or mimics the natural

water cycle

An area of land that drains to a particular

lake, wash, stream, or river -

Watershed

A depressed linear area where water flows (can

be natural or man made) – Channel

A raised area along the banks of a channel or

stream (can be naturally occurring or

man made) – Levee

A surface that does not allow fluid to pass

through - Impermeable

A tunnel carrying a stream or open drain

under a road or railroad - Culvert

Holding back, in this case, water - Retention

An approach to water management that

protects, restores, or mimics the natural water

cycle – Green Infrastructure

Taking on the characteristics of a city, buildings, parking lots, and other structures –

Urbanization

FLOODPLAIN DESIGN PROCESS

Ask

Imagine

PlanCreate

Improve

FLOODPLAIN DESIGN PROCESSModifying and Retesting the

Solution (Improve)

Testing and Evaluating (Create)

Making a Prototype (Plan)

Developing Possible Solutions

(Imagine)

Identifying and Researching a Need (ASK)

2

IT’S RAINING, IT’S POURING, IT’S FLOODING IN MARICOPA COUNTY! LESSON 3

• It’s Raining, It’s Pouring, It’s Flooding in Maricopa County! Power Point

• Chart Paper/Markers

• Key Vocabulary

• Aluminum baking pan (can be disposable kind)

• Small plastic storage bin (1 for each group)

• Modeling clay

• Math cubes (to represent buildings)

• Water supply

• Engineering Planning Sheet

Teacher Prep

Materials

Activities

1. Review vocabulary terms using TPR 2. Model the online Interactive Flood Simulation at apps.fcd.maricopa.gov/ifs/ifs.html 3. Show Flooding Videos 4. Students create a floodplain

• Use the modeling clay to simulate the earth • Form rivers in the clay • Students place buildings, animals, etc. in their model • Pour water in the top of the river to see what happens • Record observations • Create an urban landscape and repeat process • Create solutions to solve the flooding problem

5. Complete VENN diagram to compare and contrast water flow in an urban environment and natural environment

• Download It’s Raining, Its Pouring, It’s Flooding in Maricopa County! Power Point

• Gather materials for students to create flood simulations

• Preview key vocabulary

http://phoenixwaterfronttalk.com/2010/01/22/when-it-does-rain-in-phoenix-it-can-rain/

Extension Go to https://www.maricopa.gov/3847/Flood-Control-District Under the citizens tab, click on Floodplains map. Have students enter their address in the search box to see if they live in a floodplain. Students then research ways in which their community has responded to flooding in the past. Has it been effective? Why or why not?

Lesson 3: Why Does it Flood?

Name:________________________________________ Date: __________________

How does Urbanization Affect Flooding?

Test 1. The pan will be used as your base. 2. You may cut off the end of your pan

so that water can flow out. If you do this, use the tub to catch the water.

3. The modeling clay is your ground. Be sure to create a river.

4. Make a prediction of what will happen after urbanization.

5. Pour water at the top of your river and record your observation.

6. Create an urbanized landscape, add houses, roads, sidewalks, parking lots, etc.

7. Pour water at the top of your river and record observations.

8. Construct various ways to control the flow of water.

Hypothesis (What do I think will happen?)

Observation (What did I see? You can draw and

describe.)

Conclusion (Was my hypothesis correct? How

do I know?)

Lesson 3: Why Does it Flood? What did you and your team do in order to help control the

flooding? Did you create levees, dams, or culverts? Did it work? Explain why you think it did or did not work.

Floods

Natural

Landscape

 

Controlled

Environment

Urbanized

Environment

Make a Floodplain Model Background Information A floodplain is the dry land surrounding a river or stream. When enough

rain falls, the river may fill beyond its capacity, wiping out structures in its path. When this happens, the buildings and structures in the floodplain could be washed away.

Purpose

Students will design ways to keep flowing water from damaging structures in the floodplain

Materials

Aluminum Baking Pan Modeling Clay Plastic Shoebox Pitcher Paper Towels Model Houses/Animals/Fences/Trees

Procedure

1. Have students form clay into bottom of aluminum baking pan 2. Students will create a river in the clay 3. Place houses/animals/fences and trees in the floodplain 4. Pour water at the start of the river 5. Students record observations 6. Put aluminum foil at the top of the river. (This will simulate an

urbanized environment) 7. Pour the water on the aluminum foil. 8. Students record what happened to the floodplain using the

VENN Diagram 9. Design ways to keep the floodplain from flooding. 10. Test to see if those designs worked 11. Record why it worked or why it didn’t and other possible ideas