Itnv51 Stundent-ppt Ch3

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Introduction to Networks v5.1

Chapter 3:Network Protocols andCommunications

Instructor Name: Touch Ra26,March 2016


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2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Cisco Public 2

3.0 Introduction

3.1 Rules of Communication

3.2 Network Protocols and

Standards3.3 Data Transfer in the Network

3.4 Summary


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Cisco Public 2013 Cisco and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. 4


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Human Communication


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Computer Communication


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Human Communication


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Computer Communication

The source host breaks a long message into individual pieces or frames

that meet both the minimum and maximum size requirements. Each frame will also have its own addressing information.

At the receiving host, the pieces are reconstructed to be processed andinterpreted.


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Rules of engagement:

Access Method

Flow Control

Response Timeout


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The role of protocols

How the message is formatted or structured

The process by which networking devices share information aboutpathways with other networks

How and when error and system messages are passed betweendevices

The setup and termination of data transfer sessions


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Interaction of protocols in communication between a web server and web client.


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Protocol Operation - Sending a Message


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Protocol Operation Receiving a Message


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ISOC, IAM, IETF, and IRTF


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IANA and ICANN


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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)


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EIA/TIA Standards


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Communicating the Message


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Communicating the Message


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Segmenting Messages:

Allows many different conversations to be interleaved

Increases the efficiency of network communications

Adds complexity


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Encapsulation

Data

Segment

Packet

Frame

Bits


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Network Addresses and Data Link Addresses


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Layer 3 Network Addresses


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Network Address

Source IP address

Destination IP address

Responsible for delivering the IP packet from the original source to thefinal destination, either on the same network or to a remote network.

Data Link Address Source data link address

Destination data link address

Responsible for delivering the data link frame from one network interfacecard (NIC) to another NIC on the same network


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Layer 2 Data Link Addresses


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Layer 2 Data Link Addresses


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Role of the Network Layer AddressesNetwork portion of the IP Address The left-most part of the address that indicates whichnetwork the IP address is a member.

Host portion The remaining part of the address that identifies a specific device on thenetwork.

Source IP address The IP address of the sending device

Destination IP address The IP address of the receiving device

Role of the Data Link Layer AddressesSource MAC address This is the data link address, or the Ethernet MAC address, ofthe sending device.

Destination MAC address When the receiving device is on the same network as thesending device, this is the data link address of the receiving device.


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Role of the Network Layer Addresses

The source and destination IP addresses will represent hosts ondifferent networks indicated by the different network portions of thesource and destination addresses.

Role of the Data Link Layer Addresses

Destination MAC address - When the receiving device is on a different

network from the sending device, the sending device uses the EthernetMAC address of the default gateway or router.


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Thank you.

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Itnv51 Stundent-ppt Ch3