ITEM ANALYSIS

What is item analysis?

• Item analysis is a process which examines the responses to individual test items or question in order to assess the quality of those items and the test as a whole.

Correct answers

STEP 1

finding out the• RU – Right in Upper group• RL- Right in Lower group• difficulty index• discrimination index• effectiveness of distracters

Item analysisStep 2

How to find RU & RL

• Arrange the answer sheets from the highest score obtained until the lowest score obtained. The paper with the highest score is on top and the paper with the lowest score is at the bottom.

Take out 12 answer sheets from the top of the pile and 12 answer sheets from the bottom of the pile. Call these two piles as a high marks students and

low marks students.

Refer to Item #1 or Question #1,(i) Count the number of students from the high marks

group who selected each of the options (A, B, C or D)

(ii) Count the number of students from the low marks group who selected the options A, B, C or D

Question 1

Options A B C D

Right in Upper group (n= 14) 6 0 2 6

Right inLower group( n=16) 11 2 0 3

THE DIFFICULTY INDEXThe difficulty index is a coefficient

that shows the percentage of students who got the correct answer compared to the total number of students in the two

groups who answered incorrectly

THE DIFFICULTY INDEX

THE DISCRIMINATION INDEX

• The discrimination index is a coefficient that shows the extent to which the question discriminates or differentiates between High Marks‰ students and Low Marks% students.

distracters

What determines the effectiveness of distracters?

a good distractor is able to attract more Low Marks students

What determines the effectiveness of distracters?

•24 students selected the options A, B, C and D for a particular question.

•Option B is a less effective distracter because many high Marks students (n = 5)

selected option B.

•Option D is relatively a good distracter because 2 students from the High Marks

group and 5 students from the Low Marks group selected this option.

•No students chose answer C. Option C does not act as a distracter.

Note: Q= question, RU= Right in upper group, RL=Right in Lower group, P=difficulty Index, D=Discrimination Index , Key is highlighted

QOPTION

S RU RL RU+RL P RU- RL D

1

A

B

C

D

d a c c d c a b b a a d c b a d a b c c

# Name of the Students 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 total1Awsam Mohmed Hassan d a c c d c a b b a a d a b a d a b c c 192Hussain Ibthisam a b c c d c a b b a a d c b a d a b d c 173Abdulla haleem d b c c d c a b b a a d c a a a d b c c 164Fathmath Ahmed d c c c d c a b b a a d c b a b a b a a 165Ma-aal Nooradheen a a c a d c a b b a a d d b d c a b c c 156Mariyam Naza d b a c d c a c b a a d c b a b a b c a 157Mariyam Samahath d b c c d a a a b a a d c b b d a b d c 158Aminath Shaan a a d c d c a c b a a d b a a d b b c c 149Fathmath Uswa a a d a d c a d b a a d c a a d b b c c 14

10Fathmath Dheena c b c c d c c b b d a d c b a a b b c c 1411Mohmed Ayaadh d b d c d c a b b a a d b a a c b b d c 1312Haulath Shafeeq c c d c d c a d b a a d c b a c a d d c 1313Fathmath Reem Muthasim a b c a d c a d b a b d a a c d b b c c 1214Fathmath Siba a b d a d c a b b a d d c b d c d b d c 1115Maish Musthafa a b d c d c a d b d a a b a a a a b d c 1016Aminath sajwa a b b a b c a d b b d d c a a a a b c c 1017Aishath Yooha d b b c d b a b b a c a d a c c a b d c 1018Aminath Afaa a b d a d c d c b d b d c b a d b b c a 1019Mariyam Raifa a b d c b d a b b b d c c b a b b b c a 920Usama Mohmed a b d c a a d c b c a b c a c d a b c c 921Fathmeth safa d a a c d a d a b b a c b a d b b b c c 922Ibrahim Zayan a a b a d c d a b c a c d b c d d b d c 923Abdullah Minaam a b a c d b a c b a c a b a d d b b c a 824Aishath zindh a b c c d c c d b b b d a a c c b b d c 825Ibrahim Ahmed b b b c c b c c b b a d c a d c c b d c 726Asiyath sadha Ali a b d c a c a d a b b a a a b a c b c c 627Shuaib a d b a d a d b b b b d c a d a b b b a 628Mariyam Shixha d b b c b a d c b b b d d a c b c b c a 629Hussain Rasheed a a d a c a d c b a c c a b d b b a d c 530Sheema abdullah b a d a c d d c a c d d a a b a d a b c 3

9 8 9 20 22 19 19 13 28 16 17 21 14 13 14 10 11 27 16 23 329