Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Italy
• Rome• Papal program• Counter Reformation
– Ornate + didactic• Renaissance + emotional intensity• Chiaroscuro, multimedia• tenebroso• Caravaggio, Bernini, Borromini• St Peter’s
Caravaggio
Captures an instant
Spain
• Committed to Catholic orthodoxy• Encourage devotion• Saints & martyrs• Sp painters come into own• Solemn, intense• Impasto
• Velazquez– Las Mininas
Flanders
• Southern Netherlands• Church, state commissions• Retained Catholic ties• Heroic, royal
• Rubens, van Dyck
Rubens
Queen of France Landing, Marseilles
1623
Oil panel
25x20”
portraiture
Dutch Republic - Holland
• Independence from Spain• New subjects & styles• Amsterdam= financial center• Prosperity• Protestant• Merchant patrons• Genre scenes, portraits,• Still life, landscapes• Painting dominates• Rembrandt, Hals, Vermeer
Characteristics Dutch Painting:-continued understanding of human nature-wealthy patrons-more excepting and tolerant to female artists -other Baroque elements
>tenebrism, shallow space, motion, emotion, etc.-naturalism-less intrigued with mathematics(than H. Ren)-interested in light and motion with a loose style that involved a collection of brush strokes
>showing movement-more iconography, much more popular in the North than in the South-genre paintings-more secular than the South
1629
1669
Vermeer
The Letter
1666
Oil canvas
17x15”
France
• Monarchy, Louis XIV• Paris= art center• Most powerful country• Appeal of Roman
classicism• Trade, wealth= patronage• Shimmering glowing color• Moral message• Balanced, classicism
• Poussin, Lorrain• Versailles
24.1 French Baroque Art
• In France, monarchical authority and power was consolidated, and embodied, in King Louis XIV.
• The foundation of the Royal Academy of Painting and Sculpture in 1648 established French classicism as the official style.
• The practice of art and architecture were regularized and organized and placed in the service of the state.
• King Louis XIV and his principal adviser, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, used the power of art for propaganda
•Georges de La Tour, Adoration of the Shepherds, 1645-1650. o/c•Influence of Caravaggio's style on Georges de La Tour = use of light and unidealized figures. Like the Dutch Caravaggesque painters, the group of humbly dressed figures gathered reverentially around the sleeping baby Jesus is illuminated by a single light source (a candle) included in the painting.
England
• Limited monarchy• Religious diversity• Does not have focus• Of other Baroque trends
• ARCHITECTURE
– St Paul’s Cathedral– Sir Christoper Wren
Women artists – Renaissance to Baroque
Renaissance= 1st period, international fame
Humanism
Individual opportunities
education, growth, achievement
Cultural shift
craftsmen artists
perspective, anatomy, mathematics
• Some transcended gender role expectations• Fathers’ workshops - aristocratic connections• Apprenticeship• Women depicted as humans, not just muses• Portraits, still lifes, religious• Dutch – Flemish successful• changing art market= opportunities• Shift to Academy system
– Membership limited
• Women artist of the Baroque changed the way women were depicted in art. Female artists during the Baroque era were not permitted to train form nude models because all nude models were male, but they were very familiar with the female body. Therefore, they created images of women as conscious beings rather than detached muses.
Sofonisba
Anguissola
1527-1625
Italian
Spanish Court
Portraits
The Artist’s Sisters Playing Chess
Artemisia GentileschiItalian1593-1651
Penitent Magdalene
Esther before Ahasuerus, ca. 1628–35
Oil on canvas; 82 x 107”
Judith Leyster(1609–1660) Dutch Golden Age
Young
Flute Player
The Concert
Clara PeetersFlemish Painter1594-ca.1657
Still Life of Vase, Vase, Jug and Platter of Dried Fruit, c. 1619
Fish, Oysters, and Shrimps, c. 1650
Still Life with Cheeses, Artichoke and Cherries, 1625
Academicians of the Royal Academy, 1772
