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ITALIAN MINISTRY OF DEFENCE Secretariat General for Defence - National Armaments Directorate
AIR ARMAMENTS DIRECTORATE
Lt. Gen. Francesco LANGELLA DAA Vice Technical Direction
+39 06 4986 5367 Aix-En Provence, 25 September 2013
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DIRECT NATIONAL CONTRACT
M 346 INTRODUCTION
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
CONCLUSIONS
FMS CASE
PREDATOR B
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
SUMMARY
M 346 CERTIFICATION RESULTS
LESSONS LEARNED
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M 346 INTRODUCTION
Operational need issued by Italian Air Staff
Contract negotiated, signed and managed by IT MoD
System designed, produced and maintained by Alenia
Aermacchi (AA) System Design Responsibility (SDR)
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AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
MILITARY TYPE CERTIFICATION
COMPLIANCE
Formal acknowledgement by the D.A.A.
of the design compliance to the
performance and safety requirements
provided by the technical specification.
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
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AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
Process
Certification Basis
Defined by DAA on the basis of:
Provided by Air Staff and defined by DAA on the basis of:
Process
Requirements
IT EMAR IT EMAR
X
X
FIT FOR FLIGHT FIT FOR PURPOSE
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
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Military world
• Weapon systems have to
perform as required taking
into account safety
• Performance certification
(qualification) allows
discrepancy identification at
early stage
Civil world
• EASA engaged in safety only
• Commercial company
interested in performance
Importance of performance certification (qualification)
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
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FUNCTIONALITY AND ESSENTIAL MINIMAL PERFORMANCE REQUIRED TO MAKE EACH AIRCRAFT SYSTEM SAFE
AIRCRAFT RELIABILITY IN TERMS OF CUMULATIVE PROBABILITY OF
CATASTROPHIC EVENTS PER FLIGHT HOUR
AIRWORTHINESS CONDITION
REQUIREMENTS
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
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Example
• Threshold requirement: minimum range with minimum
payload
• During performance certification (qualification) process,
design range and payload are assessed
• If they are not met, design change is required
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
Importance of performance certification (qualification)
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EMAD – 1 Definitions
Aircraft definition
CERTIFICATION PROCESS
Annex to EASA regulation
Military
Civil
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M 346 CERTIFICATION RESULTS
• SDR clearly identified in Alenia Aermacchi (AA):
• Access to design
• Ability to develop modifications
• System Configuration control
• Continuous airworthiness management
• Full visibility on project documentation since the beginning:
capability to request design change
• Certification Basis: Mil-Hdbk-516b tailored for M346
program
• Artifacts produced by AA, verified by DAA
• Certification issued by DAA
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FMS Case
Predator B (MQ9A)
System designed by GA-ASI company
Contract negotiated, signed and managed by USG
LOA between USG and IT MoD
FMS case unique acquisition strategy allowed by USG
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PREDATOR B
USG is both:
• Recognized Airworthiness Authority
• USG requests and evaluates AW artifacts issued by GA-ASI before passing to IT MoD
• Certification Basis Mil Hdk 516B
• USG provides airworthiness recommendations
• Certification responsibility remains on IT MoD
• Contract agent
• Commercial aspects management
• Preferred communication channel with company
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PREDATOR B
USG SDR Authority
GA-ASI Design and configuration
Authority
SDR Authority: provides / evaluates artifacts and
controls the configuration (HW, SW and TOs)
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PREDATOR B
Information flow
Italian MoD USG GA-Asi
Advantages
• USG acts as Military Airworthiness Authority
evaluating Company artifacts
Disadvantages
• No direct link with company, communication flow
slower but sure
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CERTIFICATION PROCESS
• At the time of FMS signature, system design was
completed
• DAA certification process unable to affect performance
• Benefit from USG verification of AW artifacts
• USG recommendations accepted even if specific
limitations imposed by IT MoD in accordance to IT
rules and safety requirements
• Cleared flight in low density population area (max 39
inhab/km2)
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LESSON LEARNED
Essential to write a contract “line” specifying all
needed airworthiness requirements:
• National rules prevails
• IT process: all risks have to be mitigated
• USG process: residual risk can be accepted at proper
level
• Specific national safety requirements imposed
• IT rules defines cumulative probability of catastrophic
event as 1E-6, for Predator class (limitation on density
population area)
• System Design Responsibility clearly identified
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CONCLUSIONS
FMS and Direct Commercial acquisition two viable way of
acquisition
DCS
Direct link with company
Full insight in the project
Full authority on contract
Company artifacts to be evaluated without any support
FMS
Company AW artifacts verified by
a recognized authority
– Communications with company
through USG
USG first and then company have
to understand IT requirements
Product is a “COTS”: performance
to be accepted as it is
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ITALIAN MINISTRY OF DEFENCE Secretariat General for Defence - National Armaments Directorate
AIR ARMAMENTS DIRECTORATE
Aix-En Provence, 25 September 2013
Lt. Gen. Francesco LANGELLA DAA Vice Technical Direction
+39 06 4986 5367
19
Back up Slides
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Edition 8th May 2013
REGULATES THE PROCEDURES CONCERNING:
THE MILITARY AIRCRAFT TYPE
QUALIFICATION FOR PERFORMANCE AND
CERTIFICATION FOR AIRWORTHINESS
THE QUALIFICATION AND SUITABILITY TO
INSTALLATION OF PERTAINING SYSTEMS.
MILITARY TYPE QUALIFICATION
“Certification and Qualification of military aircraft and
pertaining systems - Suitability to installation”
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MILITARY TYPE QUALIFICATION
DESIGN COMPLIANCE WITH SPECIFICATION
AIRWORTHINESS & PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
A/C vs AGE COMPATIBILITY REQUIREMENTS
MIL
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MILITARY TYPE QUALIFICATION
THE AIRWORTHINESS OF A TYPE DESIGN IS VERIFIED AS FOLLOWS:
1. DEFINITION OF THE TYPE IN ACCORDANCE WITH APPROVED DOCUMENTATION (DESIGN STANDARD)
2. DEFINITION OF THE MEANS OF COMPLIANCE (MOC) TO DEMONSTRATE EACH REQUIREMENT, ACCORDING TO A QUALIFICATION PROGRAM PLAN
3. DEMONSTRATION OF COMPLIANCE WITH SAFETY REQUIREMENTS
DE
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DOCS
The drawings and specifications, and a listing of
those drawings and specifications, necessary to
define the configuration and the design features of
the air system shown to comply with the
airworthiness requirements.
Information on dimensions, materials, materiel
properties, and processes necessary to define the
structural strength of the product.
Any airworthiness limitations required for safe
operation and maintenance.
Any other data necessary to allow, by comparison,
the determination of the airworthiness of later
products of the same type.
TYPE DESIGN DEFINITION
DESIGN
STANDARD
TYPE DESIGN
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M.O.C. DEFINITION
AIRWORTHINESS REQUIREMENTS
PERFORMANCE REQUIREMENTS
VERIFICATION PROCESS
COMPLIANCE
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COMPLIANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION COMPLIANCE DEMONSTRATION IS VERIFIED BY THE FOLLOWING PROCESS:
• MOC 1 Description
• MOC 2 Analysis / Calculation
• MOC 3 Safety Analysis
• MOC 4 Laboratory tests /Rig tests
• MOC 5 Aircraft on ground tests
• MOC 6 Aircraft in flight tests
• MOC 7 Inspection
• MOC 8 Simulation
• MOC 9 Equipment Declaration of Design & Performance – DDP
• MOC 10 Similarity
VE
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AIRWORTHINESS = The ability of an aircraft or other airborne
equipment or system to operate in flight and on ground without
significant hazard to aircrew, ground-crew, passengers (where
relevant), other airspace users or to other third parties. This
definition includes safe On-aircraft maintenance activities..
CONTINUING AIRWORTHINESS = All the tasks to be conducted to verify that
the conditions under which a type certificate has been granted are still valid
to ensure the safety of the product at any time. Any required corrective
measure shall be taken without undue delay and applicable instruction(s)
issued.
CONTINUED AIRWORTHINESS (DI OGNI SINGOLO AEROPLANO) =
All the processes ensuring that, at any time in its operating life, an
indivual aircraft complies with the airworthiness requirements in
force and is in a condition for safe operation.
AIRWORTHINESS - DEFINITIONS
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CONFIGURATION CONTROL
OCCURENCE REPORT AND INVESTIGATION
CONFIGUARTION CHANGES IN
SERVICE
OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE
MILITARY TYPE CERTIFICATION
COMPLIANCE
DGAA FFAA
CONTINUING
AIRWORTHINESS
AIRWORTHINESS
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CONFIGURATION CONTROL
OCCURENCE REPORT AND INVESTIGATION
CONFIGUARTION CHANGES IN
SERVICE
OPERATIONS & MAINTENANCE
MILITARY TYPE CERTIFICATION
COMPLIANCE
DGAA FFAA
CONTINUING
AIRWORTHINESS
AIRWORTHINESS
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IN ORDER TO CORRECTLY
DEFINE AND VERIFY THE
REQUIREMENTS
CONCERNING AIRCRAFT
AND MAJOR SYSTEMS,
D.G.A.A. RECOMMENDS THE
DRS TO CONSIDER THE
GUIDELINES REPORTED IN
THE “JOINT SERVICE
SPECIFICATION GUIDE”
(JSSG)
QUALIFICATION
JSSG-2001B Air vehicle
JSSG-2006 Aicraft structures
JSSG-2007A Engines, aircraft, turbines
JSSG-2009 Air vehicle subsystems
JSSG-2009-A APPENDIX A, AIR VEHICLE LANDING SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-B APPENDIX B, AIR VEHICLE HYDRAULIC POWER SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-C APPENDIX C, AIR VEHICLE AUXILIARY POWER SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-D APPENDIX D, AIR VEHICLE ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL SUBSYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-E APPENDIX E, AIR VEHICLE FUEL SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-F APPENDIX F, AIR VEHICLE AERIAL REFUELING SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-G APPENDIX G, AIR VEHICLE FIRE AND EXPLOSION HAZARD PROTECTION SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-H APPENDIX H, AIR VEHICLE ELECTRICAL POWER SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-I APPENDIX I, AIR VEHICLE MECHANICAL SUBSYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-J APPENDIX J, AIR VEHICLE CARGO, AERIAL DELIVERY, AND SPECIAL OPERATIONS SUBSYSTEM REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
JSSG-2009-K APPENDIX K, AIR VEHICLE VERTICAL TAKEOFF AND LANDING (VTOL) - SHORT TAKEOFF AND LANDING (STOL) POWER DRIVE SUBSYSTEMS REQUIREMENTS AND GUIDANCE
…..
….
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“JOINT SERVICE SPECIFICATION GUIDE” (JSSG)
DOD REALIZED IN ORDER TO MAKE UP A SUMMA OF THE
KNOWLEDGE AND EXPERIENCE ACCUMULATED IN THE
FIELD OF MILITARY AVIATION
CAN ACT AS A GUIDE FOR THE:
CHOICE OF THE REQUIREMENTS,
WRITING OF THE REQUIREMENTS,
VERIFICATION OF THE REQUIREMENTS,
ACQUISITION OF THE “LESSONS LEARNED”.
QUALIFICATION
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