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“It is well that war is so terrible… for we should grow too fond of it”--General Robert E. Lee
BELLRINGER
“What technologies were developed during the Civil War that we still use in some way today?”
BELLRINGER: ANSWERS
• Submarines
• Aerial recognizance (hot air balloons)
• Railroads
• Army ambulance core
• Naval mines and torpedos
• Artillery• Ironclads
• Rifled Muskets• Telegraph
TECHNOLOGY OF THE CIVIL
WAR
ARTILLERYNAPOLEON CANNON SIEGE MORTAR
• Fired ball, grapeshot, and canister• Used to “soften” up enemy positions• Shells ranged from 6 pounds to 300 pounds for siege mortars
ANACONDA PLANWinfield Scott’s strategy
Suggested a blockade of all ports and sending gunboats down the Mississippi to divide the Confederacy
“Slowly strangle” the South to “death” and surrender
IRONCLADSUSS MONITOR CSS VIRGINIA
• Wooden ships became obsolete when the CSS Virginia set sail in 1862
• The Virginia destroyed two sail-driven wooden warships within hours of being on the water
• The entire Union fleet was in danger until the Virginia met its match at Hampton Roads, VA where the USS Monitor was waiting.
• The two ironclads slugged it out for hours — neither could punch through each other’s armor.
BLOCKADE RUNNERS
In April 1861, Lincoln set up a blockade of all Confederate ports
The blockade cut off all trade to the South
Until blockade runners – small, fast ships used to smuggle goods at night
Notice the impacts from cannon fire upon the Monitor
RIFLED MUSKETS
• Rifling in a musket increased its range to 300 yards• Single shot weapons loaded from the muzzle• .58 caliber Springfield rifle = Union • Enfield rifle = Confederate• Rifles fired a lead bullet called a “minie’ ball” which flattened and
splintered on contact
TELEGRAPH DISPATCHES
• Morse Code• Electronic communication• Messages sent over many miles
using copper wire• Allowed for instant communication
with the battlefield• Over 15,000 miles of telegraph line
Morse-Vail Telegraph Key, 1844-1845
Write down which technological development you found the most interesting and why.
Please turn in before you leave class.
EXIT SLIP