Green buildings

• It is a structure which reduce the impact of the built environment on the natural one , reduce the energy , water and resources consumption , and improve the health of occupants as well as improving the productivity of the workers.

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LEED History • The US green building council (USGBC) was established in

1993 after the government recognized the increasing importance of green building.

• LEED system was created by USGBC at the beginning to define and measure the already existing green projects.

• A committee consisted of architects, project owners, lawyers and environmentalists was formed by USGBC to come out with the first LEED version.

• The first version was launched in the USGBC membership summit in August 1998 and since then it evolved and matured.

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Actual LEED Scorecard (PGB)

LEED Certification Levels

110 Points available

LEED Rating System – Version 3 - 2009

Benefits of going LEED

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Benefits of going LEED • Environmental benefits

1. Smaller amounts of waste produced 2. Better test performance in schools (20% increase in

scores) 3. Earlier patient discharge at hospitals ( 2 ½ days) 4. Increased productivity in offices and factories (2-16%) 5. Better energy efficiency

• Economic benefits 1. Decrease in operation cost (8-9%) 2. Higher rental costs (3%) 3. Increase in building overall value (7-8%) 4. Higher market demand

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Barriers facing LEED 1. Difficulty of LEED

documentation

2. Lack of project team education concerning the certification process

3. Difficult communication with USGBC

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Session 1 – p. 10

Case study

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• Project information: Project name: L’Oreal Cairo plant

Specialization: industrial cosmetics factory

Location: 10th of Ramadan

Project area: 103,814 m²

Construction start date: November 2011

Expected date to start production: June 2013

LEED type : New building

LEED goal : Gold certificate (61 potential points)

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Sustainable site

• Construction activity pollution prevention (prerequisite)

Dust control

Frequent watering of temporary construction roads

Stabilizing of temporary construction roads

Stockpiles protection using plastic cover

Slope protection using plastic sheets

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Soil contamination prevention

Oil spell should not be allowed by installing plastic sheets under any tanks or construction equipment.

Concrete mixers cleaning should be applied in specific areas.

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• Site selection

The project is located in the Pyramids Industrial Park, 10th of Ramadan City, Cairo-Ismalia Desert Road

The land is complying with credit requirements. The project complies with this credit

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• Alternative transportation

Public Transportation Access

Private shuttle buses are provided by L’Oreal to connect to mass transportation stations

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• Alternative transportation

Bicycle storage and changing rooms

o This credit requires to provide secure bicycle racks at least 5% of peak building users and to provide shower and changing facilities in the building within 180 m of an entrance for 0.5% Full Time Equivalent (FTE) occupants. (150 building users)

Separate lockers building with showers and changing facilities

10 bicycle racks were provided (8 only required)

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• Alternative Transportation

Low-Emitting and Fuel-Efficient Vehicles

o 5 % of the total parking places (43 places)need to be Low Emitting Vehicles (LEV) bays

L’Oreal had considered 3 Low Emitting Vehicles (LEV) bays

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• Alternative transportation

Parking Capacity

o5 % of total parking areas should be provided parking for carpools or vanpools

3 car pooling bays were provided (2 required)

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• Site Development

Maximize Open Space

o This credit requires that amount of open space should exceed local zoning requirements by 25%.

o Local zoning requirements (Land Developer requirements): 35% Open space

o Total Plot Area = 103,814 m²

Open space area: 88,508 m² = 85%

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• Storm water Design , Quantity and Quality Control

A storm drain system was provided to the design to insure that 100% of runoff rain water will be inflated to the soil

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• Heat Island Effect

Non-roof

o This credit requires having shades using trees or using sheds with Solar Reflectance Index (SRI) greater than 29

L’Oreal has provided the required sheds over the parking areas

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• Heat Island Effect

Roof

o This credit requires providing roofing materials with SRI greater than 78

The used roofing material with light green color (RAL 6019) which exceeds the required value

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Expected LEED score in “sustainable site” category

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Water efficiency • Water use reduction (prerequisite)

o The project design has to consider as mandatory decreasing water use by minimum 20%

• Water use reduction

o Further decrease of water consumption counts for points

The used plumbing fixtures are

1. WC: Dual flush

2. Washroom self closing Faucets

3. Waterless Urinal

water consumption expected to be minimized by 41%

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• Water Efficient Landscaping No permanent irrigation system is required for the

existing landscaping as it consists from cactus which has minimum irrigation rates

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Energy and Atmosphere • Fundamental Commissioning of Building Energy

System (Prerequisite 1)

L’Oreal had assigned a LEED consultant responsible for the following:

Designate a qualified individual as the commissioning authority

confirmation that the commissioning expert has documented experience on at least 2 building projects

Create a commissioning plan

Retain proper commissioning documentation

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• Minimum Energy Performance (Prerequisite 2)

The project design meets the mandatory provisions of ASHRAE 90.1-2007.

• Fundamental Refrigerant Management (Prerequisite3)

R134A for Chillers

R-410A for split unit

Ozone friendly

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• Optimize Energy Performance

an energy model (Equest) was used to calculate the amount of energy saving

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Materials and Resources

• Storage and Collection of Recyclables (Prerequisite)

5 Bins were provided to enable segregation of paper, cardboard, glass, plastics and metals.

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• Recycled Content o This credit is based on using recycled contents within

the used building materials

L’Oreal aims to use a 20% recycled contents in the used materials

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• Regional Materials o The aim of this credit is to use materials that are

manufactured within 800 km from the project site

L’Oreal aims to use a 20% regional materials

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• Certified Wood 50% of the used wood is certified according to Forest

Stewardship Council (FSC)

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Indoor Environmental Air Quality

• Minimum Indoor Air Quality Performance

The project was designed providing a ventilation system that will supply fresh air in compliance with ASHRAE with minimum air flows.

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• Outdoor Air Delivery Monitoring Installed Air Monitoring Systems (pitot tubes) in the

outdoor air intakes of each AHU to measure fresh air flow and detect when the system is 15% below the design minimum outdoor air rate

Wall mounted CO2 sensors to be installed in the densely occupied spaces (meeting rooms) to adjust the amount of fresh air based on the percentage of CO2 that reflects the occupancy of the room

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• Low Emitting Materials All indoor used materials for adhesive, sealants, paints,

flooring and composite wood and agrifiber products has allowed Volatile Organic Content (VOC) percentages

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• Daylight and Views significant number of skylight which provide a sufficient

lux without using electricity

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• Conclusion • In order to overcome the negative outcomes of the

industrial revolution Green buildings techniques should be implemented widely to reduce the massive amounts of wastes produced

• LEED is the one most efficient green building systems that is implemented in 130 countries worldwide

• Newer versions of LEED are being developed that are being developed and it is expected to spread more

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References

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• Sales M.G.F., C. Delerue-Matos, I.B. Martins, I. Serra,M.R. Silva, S. Morais (March, 2006), “A waste management school approach towards sustainability”, Elsevier Journal, Resources, Conservation and Recycling 48 (2006) 197–207.

• El-Haggar S.M. (2007), “Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management Cradle-to-Cradle for Sustainable Development”. Elsevier Academic Press.

• Parris T. M. (2007), “Green Buildings”, Bytes of Note. • Heerwagen J.H. (2000). “Green Buildings, Organizational Success, and Occupant Productivity”.Building Research

and Information. Vol. 28 (5), 2000:353-367, London, UK. • Anonymous (2009). “Buildings and their Impact on the Environment: A Statistical Summary”. United states

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Retrieved from: http://www.epa.gov/greenbuilding/pubs/gbstats.pdf, (09/03/2013).

• Bauer M., P. Mösle, M. Schwarz (2007). “Green Building – Guidebook for Sustainable Architecture”. Springer Heidelberg Dordrecht London New York, ISBN 978-3-642-00634-0.

• Meisel and Ari (2010), “LEED Materials: A Resource Guide to Green Building”. Princeton Archetctural Press, New York, USA. ISBN 1568988850.

• Robinson J. and K. Kaiser (2009), “USGBC, LEED Green Associate Study Guide”. U.S. Green Building Council (USGBC), ISBN,978-1-932444-23-0.

• Anonymous (2013), “How to Certify a Building Project”. U.S. Green Buildings Council (USGBC) website,. Retrieved from: http://www.usgbc.org/leed/certification, (06/05/2013).

• L’Oreal (2013) . L’Oreal Cairo Inc, Retrieved from L’Oreal LEED Department Database. • Anonymous (2013), “Brownfields and Land Revitalization”. U.S. Enviromental Protection Agency (epa) retrieved

from: http://epa.gov/brownfields/overview/glossary.htm (05/05/2013).

Thank you

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