ISU SSP 2014 Evening - Substancesubstance.etsmtl.ca/.../09/AMOOS-Project-Presentation.pdf · 2017. 8. 3. · 19/09/2013 2isu ssp 2014 | team project proposal | amoos project outlines

ISU SSP 2014 | Team Project Proposal | AMOOS Project

René Jr. Landry

18 September 2013

International Space University – Space Studies Program

Team Project Proposal

19/09/2013 1

ISU – SSP 2014 Evening

ISU SSP 2014 | Team Project Proposal | AMOOS Project 19/09/2013 2

OUTLINES

1. INTRODUCTION TO MAIN PROBLEMATICS

2. REVIEW ON SPACE DEBRIS ACTIVITIES

3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLES TECHNOLOGIES

4. GLANCE ON ISU-SSP 2014 AMOOS PROJECT

5. CONCLUSION


A. Satellites lifetime

B. Space debris

Various Space Debris (Images from OOBJECT and ECLIPSE TOURS )

Dead satellites on graveyard orbits. (Images from US Air Force, public domain)


http://www.oobject.com/category/space-junk/

http://www.eclipsetours.com/paul-maley/space-debris-2/

http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Delta-II_Stage2_XSS-10.jpg?uselang=en-gb



MEO

GEO (35 784 Km)

LEO HEO

A.1 – Satellites Quick Facts

AMOOS PHASE I

(LEO)

AMOOS PHASE II

(MEO / GEO)

MOON ~384 000 Km

~10x GEO



Note : Return trip Montréal-Québec : ~500 Km

LEO : ~200 to 2000km

1 x Mtl to Qc to 4 x Return trip Mtl-Qc



Total number of operating

satellites (May 2013) 1071

LEO 523 (48.8%)

MEO 75 (0.07%)

ELLIPTICAL 38 (0.03%)

GEO 435 (40.6%)

(Source: Union of Concerned Scientists, May 2013)


Distribution of satellites in different orbits (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2012)

LEO is an important

region for Space/Satellite

Applications

Definition :

Thermosphere : ~80 to 500km (gases drag)

Exosphere : ~500 to 2000km

LEO :

Satellite speed : ~7.8 km/s

Satellite period : ~90min

http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_weapons_and_global_security/space_weapons/technical_issues/ucs-satellite-database.html



Distribution of satellites by applications (Union of Concerned Scientists, 2012)



Estimates of costs factors during

satellites life cycle Cost Range

Conception $50M - $250M

Launch $100M - $200M

Insurance $50M - $150M

Maintenance Multi-millions dollars

Ground monitoring Multi-millions dollars

(Source: EXAMINER, 2009)

Satellite On-Orbit Servicing is

economically and commercially viable !

Several studies: [36]-[41]


http://www.examiner.com/article/space-program-cost-estimates-update


Components failures / limitations

Fuel propellant: limited capacity, loss of fuel

Solar array drive / panels: degradations, malfunctions

Power modules: battery cells failures

Communication modules: redundant anomalies

Antenna: transmitter failures

Payload or Sensor anomalies

Nowadays : ~70%

satellite end-of-life from

lost of energy source

Sources: NORDIC SPACE and LANDSAT


A.2 – Potential Subsystems Failures

Satellite End-of-Life Concept

Until the absolute end of its on-board fuel,

or until Power source of spacecraft fails,

or until all on-board instruments fail.

Sources : 13th Annual AIAA/USU Conference on Small Satellites

Constellation End-of-Life Policy January 1998, US DoD 1. LEO will burn within 25 years (re-entry) 2. GEO in graveyard at 36400km

http://www.nordicspace.net/PDF/NSA201.pdf


http://landsat.usgs.gov/about_LU_Vol_2_Issue_Special_Edition.php

http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2182&context=smallsat

http://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2182&context=smallsat


A.3 – Satellites end-of-life issues


Due to these factors:

LEO Satellites have useful on-orbit

lifespan of 1 to 8 years.

LEO Servicing constraints:

Limited maintenance capabilities

High risky repair Manned missions

Interested facts :

Nowadays, satellite technologies

are extremely robust …

LEO Satellites could have :

- a complete new life

- new sources of energy

- new functions

with On-Orbit Servicing !

Hubble Space Telescope

4 Servicing Missions since 1990

Still in operation !


B. Space debris issues

Feb. 2009, the scene was at 800km above Siberia. In the explosion, Iridium 33 and Kosmos 2251 are completely destroyed.

Generation of ~800 new Space Debris !

In July 1996, le satellite Cerise Satellite was damaged with an Ariane debris (launched

10 years ago)

On March 2008, Jules Verne ATV was launched in LEO. Seven month after,

perfect reentry degradation. Daily manoeuver of the ISS


B. Space debris issues





Source: NASA

56 years later …

http://www.nasa.gov/


Source: NORDIC SPACE

B.1 – Evolution of Space Debris


FACT 1:

6578 satellites launched since

Sputnik-1 (source UCS, May 2013)

Only ~800 active Satellites today !

FACT 2:

>95% of tracked object

population are debris



Source: NORDIC SPACE

Space debris population in LEO (2013) :

> 14,000 objects > 10cm

> 300,000 objects 1-10cm

> 30 Million objects < 1cm


B.1 – Evolution of Space Debris

Ex.: Kevlar shielding

Tracked with Radar

No tracking, no shielding !

Micro debris : Eye view

Micro debris : Zoom

?




B.1 – Evolution of Space Debris For fifty years, the primary source of all of the junk came from

objects that exploded by accident.

Except Fengyan-1C ! + 3000 new large debris

(intentional anti-satellite test missile)

The Chinese mission was a success !


Source: Space Academy Australia and Images taken from ECLIPSE TOURS

MAN MADE

Rocket bodies

17%

Mission-related debris

19%

Abandoned spacecraft

22%

Fragmentation debris

42%

Breakup

fragments

Collisional

fragments

Deterioration

products

Exhaust

products

Objects released in

Deployment & Mission Operations

Refuse from

Human Missions

Explosions

B.2 – Sources of Space Debris

Ariane V payload (2009, Mexico) PAM-D debris (2002, Saudi Arabia )

Delta rocket debris(2013, Zimbabwe)


http://www.spaceacademy.net.au/watch/debris/gsd/gsd.htm



B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part I)


Source: Ecolocalizer.com, Null-Hypothesis.co.uk, and Science.nasa.gov

1-mm diameter aluminum sphere moving at a velocity of 10 km/s will pierce a 4-mm thick aluminum wall

http://ecolocalizer.com/2009/08/14/4-million-pounds-of-space-junk-polluting-earths-orbit/

http://www.null-hypothesis.co.uk/index.php/strange-but-true/item/weird_things_sent_space_sputnik?article_by_keyword=strange-but-true/item/weird_things_sent_space_sputnik



http://science.nasa.gov/realtime/


Space debris production and dangers :

In-orbit collisions with other debris or spacecraft

In-orbit explosions

LEO orbit congestions

Hypervelocity collisions and high kinetic energy releases

Smallest debris pass through protection hulls of satellites structures (avg. 10km/sec)

Scattering radioactive fallouts can contaminate the space and ground.


B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part II)

Very complex and expensive process to deal with Space Debris !


Source: Liou, 2011

Space debris generation and population:

Kessler Syndrome (Donald J. Kessler, Nasa)

Unpredictability of small debris collisions

Reduction of Astronaut Outdoor mission

Extension of graveyard orbits

Long debris lifetime in orbits

LEO orbit congestions: Orbital debris increasingly span large space orbit

Difficulty to track smallest orbital debris (< 10cm)


B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part III)

In a short term, ISS will become inoperable !

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117711000974

http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0273117711000974



B.3 – Problematic of Space Debris (Part III)


MISSION

Use of a low cost UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) for Autonomous On-Orbit Satellite Servicing

MAIN OBJECTIVES

1- To extend satellites lifetime and performance

On-orbit servicing (maintenance, replacement, etc.)

Repair critical satellite faulty subsystem

New energy sources (refuel, battery, solar panel, etc.)

Update functions, missions or add new technology

2- To help removing space debris

Help de-orbiting old satellites or debris

Cargo back on earth

Execute other debris removal techniques


AMOOS Project : A Call for Action

3- To bring small payload in space

Put small satellite / payload in orbit

Use the UAV as a scientific laboratory

Great Opportunity :

Significant environment impact

Solution to an urgent

International problem

Several economic outcomes

↑ Canada/ÉTS reputation in

Space Activities





A. SPACE DEBRIS PROGRAMS

B. CURRENT MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : PREVENTION

C. FUTURE MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : REMOVAL


ASI

CNES

CNSA

CSA

DLR

ESA

ISRO

JAXA

NASA

SSAU

ROSCOSMOS

UK SPACE

Agenzia Spaziale Italiana

Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales

China National Space Administration

Canadian Space Agency

German Aerospace Center

European Space Agency

Indian Space Research Organization

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency

National Aeronautics and Space Administration

State Space Agency of Ukraine

Russian Federal Space Agency

UK Space Agency

Source: IADC

A.1 – IADC: Committee Member Organizations


http://www.iadc-online.org/


Source: IADC

Purpose of IADC Organization:

1) Exchange information about orbital debris research among member space agencies.

2) Review progress of ongoing cooperative activities.

3) Facilitate opportunities for cooperation in space debris research.

4) Identity debris mitigation practices and options.

A.2 – Inter-Agency Space Debris Coordination Committee (IADC) – International Committee


Deliverables :

Produces the “IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines”.



European Code of Conduct for Space Debris Mitigation

FCC. Orbital Debris Mitigation Standard Practices

IADC Space Debris Mitigation Guidelines

ITU Environment Protection of the Geostationary Orbit

NASA. Process for Limiting Orbital Debris. NASA-STD-8719.14

NASA. Safety Standard. Guidelines and Assessment Procedures for limiting Orbital Debris

Space Product Assurance. Safety. ECSS-Q-40A

UNCOPUOS. Technical Report on Space Debris

UNCOPUOS. Space Debris

Source: EUTELSAT MITIGATION GUIDELINES 2013

A.3 – International Recommendations and Guidelines


http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/oosa/en/COPUOS/stsc/2013/ltsworkshop.html





C. FUTURE MITIGATION ACTIVITIES : REMOVAL


Prevention activities Effectiveness

1- Limitation of debris release during operations Low

2- Minimization of potential fragmentation during operations Low

3- Limitation of the probability of accidental collision High

4- Avoidance of intentional destruction and other harmful activities Medium

5- Minimization of potential post-mission fragmentations Medium

6- Limitation of abandoned spacecraft and launchers in the LEO region Medium

Source: IADC and : Space Debris, Team Project Report, ISU SSP 2012

B.1 – Current Mitigation Activities: Prevention


Collisions between debris are not included !


http://www.google.ca/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=1&cad=rja&ved=0CC4QFjAA&url=http://isulibrary.isunet.edu/opac/doc_num.php?explnum_id=416&ei=u0QQUp6sJ-SVygGbwIEw&usg=AFQjCNHJcJdLpZg_zqQB_skqTVHzNEXvXA&sig2=b5vSko8hbYEprDvrfsTAFw



B.1 – Space Debris Simulator


Source: Raytheon versus Lockheed Contract

$3.5 billion Air Force contract

Goal : Track 20k to 200k space debris !

http://news.cnet.com/8301-11386_3-57445961-76/raytheon-lockheed-lock-horns-for-space-fence-contract/



B.2 – Current Mitigation Activities and Limitations

IADC is no ‘real’ authority to bind internationally space debris guidelines:

• There is no mention concerning military activities in space (only for civil)

• No Space Authority !

Space debris activities are only dedicated to reduce new debris production

• These activities lack of active removal actions.

Current Outer Space laws are inadequate because of

• Significant distrust between space applicants (countries, military, industrial spying, etc.)

• No approved protocol

• Liability Convention terms are imprecise (Significant treat only)

• United States ITAR regulations are complicating international collaboration in space

development

Space debris mitigations are a necessary but insufficient

• it must be accompanied by space debris environment remediation.





C. FUTURE MITIGATION PROJECTS: REMOVAL


Source: Space Debris, Team Project Report, ISU SSP 2012

Debris Deorbiting Activities :

• Instant propulsive method

• Deferred propulsive method

• Non-propulsive method

Debris Capture Activities :

• Capture methods only

C.1 – Different Approaches for Debris Removal


Orion Project, Nasa

Breaking Sail, ESA

CleanSpace, ESA

Phoenix, DARPA



Source: Space Debris, Team Project Report, ISU SSP 2012

C.2 – Debris Removal: options


Options / Projects Deorbiting Capture Debris target

Electromagnetic tethers √ Medium debris

Balloons √ Large debris

Solar sails √ Small debris

Propulsion engines √ Large debris

Lasers beams √ Large debris

Nets √ Small debris

Sweepers √ Small debris

Robotic arms √ √ Large debris



3. REVIEW OF SPACE VEHICLE TECHNOLOGIES

A.1 – Manned and Unmanned Space Vehicles

A.2 – Advantages of UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle)



Source: NASA , Astronautix and image from StyleofSpeed

Lockheed Martin : X-33 Project

Project started : 1996 Official end : 2001 (US DoD)

Manned and unmanned rocket plane

Sub-scale advanced technology demonstrator

Increase launch vehicle safety, reliability and reduce cost

payload into space (from $10,000 to $1,000).

Program canceled (2009) : flight instability and excess weight


THE X-33 SPECIFICATIONS

Length: 69 feet

Wingspan: 77 feet

Weight: 210,000 lbs.

Volume: 565 feet3

Altitude: Suborbital

Category: SSTO

Potential Crew: 7

Official designation : Venture Star Launch Vehicle 3

http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshall/news/background/facts/x33.html

http://www.astronautix.com/lvs/x33.htm

http://www.styleofspeed.com/newsarchive/2009/january.htm



Virgin SPACESHIP-TWO

Manned and suborbital

10 Oct 2010 (first glide flight) and 29 April 2013 (first powered flight)

Space plane designed primarily for commercial space tourism

Can also carry onboard scientific payloads for NASA and other organizations.

Initial ticket price of US$200,000. Beginning planned for 2014 !

Source: VIRGINGALACTIC and WIKIPEDIA


THE SPACESHIPTWO SPECIFICATIONS

Length: 60 feet

Diameter: 90 inches

Altitude: Suborbital

Category: SSTO

Crew: 2

Passengers: 6

http://www.virgingalactic.com/overview/spaceships/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SpaceShipTwo


Source: NASA and UNIVERSE TODAY

DREAM CHASER

Reusable composite spacecraft: Manned, suborbital and orbital

Transport astronauts to Low Earth Orbit (LEO) destinations, such as the International Space

Station (ISS)

Aerial testes planned throughout 2013

Vertical-takeoff, horizontal-landing (VTHL)

Potential orbital space tourism

THE DREAM CHASER HIGHLIGHTS

Length: 29.5 feet

Wingspan: 22.9 feet

Volume: 565 feet3

Crew: 7



http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2013/07/dream-chaser-opening-tow-tests-dryden/

http://www.universetoday.com/102020/sierra-nevada-dream-chaser-gets-wings-and-tail-starts-ground-testing/


Source: SPACE-X

SPACE-X DRAGON

Manned and robotic operation, orbital (with rocket, TSTO), fully commercial

In 2012, it became the first commercial spacecraft (unmanned) to deliver cargo

to the ISS (In: 460 kg food and clothing and out : 620 kg of cargo to Earth)

Reusable spacecraft to deliver crew and cargo to orbiting destinations

NASA awards Space-X $440M to aid development of crew capability

THE DRAGON HIGHLIGHTS

Diameter: 12 feet

Wingspan: 14.1 feet

Height: 23.6 feet

Crew: 0 to 7

Total payload: 13,228 lbs

Orbit duration 2 years



Falcon 9 v1.0

http://www.spacex.com/dragon.php





Source: BOEING and Wikipedia

Controversy:

260 days in space in

2012 following

Chinese Satellite !


BOEING X-37B

Unmanned, orbital, re-entry spacecraft operating at LEO

First spaceflight in 2006 2 units owned by USAF

Advanced technology demonstrator for unmanned and re-entry capabilities

In 2011, X-37C scale-up variant (larger)

THE BOEING X-37B FACTS

Length: 29.3 feet

Wingspan: 14.1 feet

Height: 9.6 feet

Category: SSTO

Crew: Remotely controlled from ground

Propulsion: Rocketdyne AR2-3 rocket engines

Max. thrust: 11,000 lbs.

Max. Speed: 28,000 mph

Cruise speed: 17,500 mph

http://www.boeing.com/advertising/space/advancedsystems/x37.html

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boeing_X-37



Source: Skylon Space Plane and Wikipedia


SKYLON

Unmanned, orbital, re-usable spacecraft operating at LEO

Spaceflight to be designed by Reaction Engines Limited (UK)

Program projected to cost $12 billion

To deliver payload in orbit

First test flights expected in 2019

THE SKYLON FACTS

Length: 273 feet

Wingspan: 82 feet

Category: SSTO

Crew: none, remote controlled from ground

Capacity: 30 passengers

Propulsion: SABRE engine

Max. cargo: 760,000 lbs.

Max. Speed: Mach 5.5

Max. altitude: 300 km

http://designyoutrust.com/technology/skylon-space-plane/



http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skylon_(spacecraft)



Deutsche Orbital Servicing Mission (DEOS)

Objective: capture errant satellites using an experimental servicing

satellite

Space vehicle: free-flying space robot

Contract: €15M awarded to Astrium GmbH (September 13, 2012)

Missions: deorbiting, space debris removal, complex assembly

assistance functions, maintenance and repair.

Source: SPACETECH-i , SPACE SAFETY MAGAZINE and DLR Robotic Technologies


First On-Orbit Servicing Satellite !

Beginning of new concept in Satellite design !

http://www.spacetech-i.com/deutsche-orbitale-servicing-mission.html



http://www.spacesafetymagazine.com/2012/09/19/german-space-agency-prepares-capture-errant-satellites/

http://www.oosa.unvienna.org/pdf/pres/stsc2013/2013iaf-05E.pdf



LYNX Mark Series

The Lynx is intended to space tourism (started in 2008)

Suborbital horizontal-takeoff, horizontal-landing

It will operate as an FAA AST-licensed suborbital,

reusable, launch vehicle under visual flight rules (VFR).

Designed for 40 flight before preventive maintenance.

175 Lynx Flight presold ticket to Space @ 95kUSD

Source: XCOR


THE LYNX MK2 FACTS

Length: 27.9 feet

Wingspan: 24.0 feet

Height: 7.22 feet

Category: SSTO

Crew: 2 (incl. pilot)

Propulsion: Rocket engines

Max. thrust: 11,600 lbs

Reusable. Reliable. Cost Effective

The Lynx Mark III

http://www.xcor.com/lynxpayloads/index.html


Mission features Manned

Vehicle

Satellite

Vehicle UAV

1- Quick Time to Mission Execution X X

2- Fast turnaround between Missions X X

3- Suborbital flights

4- High tempo operations: more missions per day X X

5- Horizontal takeoff – horizontal landing X

6- Safety for crew X

7- Reliable

8- Reusable X

B.1 – Advantages of UAV (Part I): MISSION ASPECTS


UAV-SSS Concept : Save Life, Save Money and Save Time


Financial features Manned

Vehicle

Satellite

Vehicle

UAV

Low cost operations and maintenance X X

Low crew expenses X X

Easier to launch X

Easier to replace X X

Easier to repair X X

More flights X X

Durable missions (least training period for crew) X X


B.2 – Advantages of UAV (Part II): FINANCIAL ASPECTS


Medical concerns Manned

Vehicle

Satellite

Vehicle UAV

Astronauts can experience immune deficiency Yes Yes None

Astronauts can experience collapse bone and tissue Yes Yes None

Astronauts can experience sickness Yes Yes None

Astronauts can experience radiation poisoning Yes Yes None

Astronauts can lead to injuries or fatalities Yes Yes None

B.3 – Advantages of UAV (Part III): HUMAN FACTORS



4. GLANCE ON AMOOS PROJECT

Team Project of ISU-SSP 2014


Mission of a virtual scenario to repair

an important satellite in LEO


4.1 – AMOOS Mission Planning

1.

Analysis

2.

Design

3.

Preparation

4.

Execution

5.

Post-analysis

ISU-SSP 2014 PROJECT :

Analyse, develop, and realize a virtual scenario in which a critical satellite subsystem faulty operation

has already been detected and on the need to repair this important LEO satellite autonomously on-orbit.

THEORICAL PRACTICAL


4.2 – AMOOS Challenges, Assignments and Deliverables

The Team Project must:


1. Undertake technical analysis on potential key technologies (Canadian and International).

• UAV, Robotic Arm, Satellite, Mission.

2. Describe legal and political protocols, agreements and recommendations (Legal Plan).

3. Assess economic feasibility of AMOOS project (Business Plan).

4. Propose new satellite design Concept (Modularity) for On-Orbit Servicing

5. Undertake potential threats and risks on unmanned mission to space.

6. Analyse and Execute AMOOS Mission (Planning, coordination, execution).

7. Post-Mission Analysis and Recommendations

DELIVERABLES : Report + Virtual Mission Execution (Recorded Video)


4.3 – Interdisciplinary scope

The Project is expected to promote:

Engineering

Process

Business

Model

International

Policies & laws

Satellite

Applications

Space & Society

issues

Life & Physical

Sciences


Team of about

~30 ISU Students

AMOOS Project


Source: Image taken from XCOR GALLERY

Target: LEO defective satellite (TBD)

Control center: LASSENA Ground Controlled Station

Spacecraft: UAV Version of LYNX MARK III

Destination: Low Earth Orbit (LEO) at 700km

Mission: On-orbit servicing (refuel, repair, replacement)

MISSION :

1. Horizontal takeoff from runway

2. Autonomous navigation to orbital destination

3. Rendezvous with the defective satellite

4. Docking / berthing

5. On-board robotics for satellite defect repair

6. Return navigation mission

7. Safe horizontal flight landing


4.4 – AMOOS Mission Scenario

http://www.xcor.com/gallery/main.php


ÉTS based Marinvent Corporation

Flight Research Simulator

(used as UAV Lynx Ground Control

Simulator)

ÉTS UAV Ground Control

Operation Center (Mission

section)

4.5 – AMOOS Mission Control Center and Facilities

ÉTS UAV Ground Control

Operation Center

(Planning section)


ÉTS SatCom facilities LASSENA Team and Facilities



4.5 – Presentation of X-Plane 10



4.5 – Presentation of STK 10 AGI Software



4.5 – Real UAV/Drone Simulation

• Fully controlled by the ÉTS Simulator

• Indoor usage for Mission Planning

• Outdoor usage for Mission Execution

Subscale Demonstration of Real AMOOS Trajectory

300’

200’ UAV

Defective

Satellite

Rendezvous and Servicing !

Remotely

controlled


Source: Canada Space Agency and The Next-Generation Canadarm

TECHNOLOGY STATUS OF CANADARM (SRMS)

Shuttle Remote Manipulator System (SRMS)

Complex operations handling

Precise capture of objects

Range of motion larger than human arm.

Length: 58 feet.

Weight: 3968 lbs.

Thickness: 1.15 feet.

Degrees of freedom: 7 (shoulder: 3, elbow: 1, wrist: 1).

Cameras: 4

Lift: 116 tons in space.


4.6 – The Next-Generation Small Canadarm

In potential

collaboration with :

Visit of the CSA and CANADARM Simulator

+ Expert Conferences …

http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/

http://www.asc-csa.gc.ca/eng/canadarm/ngc.asp





5. CONCLUSION


5.1 – In Summary

5. CONCLUSION

1. A technological challenge

2. An urgent need to reduce the proliferation of Space Debris

3. A commercially viable solution to extend Satellite Life

4. An innovative idea gaining popularity

5. A real solution providing long term maintenance

6. A safe and cost effective solution for space operations

7. A need for Space Innovation

The AMOOS is :


For Satellites Maintenance:

1. Add robustness to satellite subsystems

2. Extend satellite lifetime

3. Increase satellite performances

4. Recycle and re-use satellite parts

5. Reduce total operational costs

On Space Debris:

1. Reduce overall risks to space crew

2. Reduce Space Debris threats and proliferation

3. Allow execution of space debris removal technologies

5.2 – Advantages of AMOOS over traditional approaches

5. CONCLUSION

Many other outcomes :

1. To put payload in

space

2. To allow Canada

sovereignty in Space !

3. etc.


5.3 – Potential opportunities

5. CONCLUSION

For Unmanned Mission to Space

… Participate in efforts for unmanned space exploration.

… Participate in efforts for robotic space missions.

… Participates in efforts for civil use of UAV in Space.

For Space Debris Issues

… Participate in efforts to reduce orbital junk.

… Participate in efforts to reduce orbital mission threats.


5.4 – Potential opportunities

5. CONCLUSION

For Canada Space Industry

… Participate in efforts for space business in commercial applications.

… Participate in efforts for international cooperation for space management, policies and laws.

… Provide new services for customers.

… Reinforce Canada national sovereignty.

… Participate in the next-generation of Canada Space Technologies.

… Huge potential of national R&D projects and programs.

… Economically viable for Canada Space industries.


5.5 – Potential Canadian Support and Partnership

5. CONCLUSION

Numerous potential industries :

Governmental organizations :

Etc.


5. CONCLUSION

5.1 – Virtual Scenario of AMOOS Mission



René Jr. Landry

18 September 2013

International Space University – Team Project Proposal

Laboratoire Spécialisé en Systèmes Embarqués, Navigation et Avionique

www.lassena.etsmtl.ca



Alexis Do Sanou

PhD Candidate at LASSENA

www.lassena.etsmtl.ca


APPENDIX 1:

DATA MINIG ON PREVIOUS ISU PROJECTS REPORTS

Year SSP MSS TOTAL

2013 1 1

2012 5 2 7

2011 3 2 5

2010 3 2 5

2009 2 2 4

2008 3 2 5

2007 4 2 6

2006 3 2 5

2005 3 2 5

2004 3 2 5

2003 3 2 5

2002 2 2 4

2001 2 2 4

Year SSP MSS TOTAL

2000 3 1 4

1999 2 1 3

1998 2 1 3

1997 3 1 4

1996 2 1 3

1995 2 2

1994 2 2

1993 1 1

1992 2 2

1991 1 1

1990 2 2

1989 2 2

1988 1 1

Total SSP: 62 Total MSS: 29 Total TP: 91 Studies on space debris: 3 (2003 – 2007 – 2012) OOS: 1 (2007)


5.4 – Canada sovereignty

Project goal :

To develop a Canadian Launcher

Investigators :

DRDC (Defence Research and Development Canada) and CSA

Project proposed name :

Microsatellite Launcher Critical Technologies R&D Canada

Status:

Still in study at CSA !

APPENDIX 2:

CANADIAN MICROSATELLITE LAUNCHER

Example of project financed by DRDC : Canadian Small Launch Vehicle Guidance, Navigation and Control Concept Design and Analysis

AMOOS Project

may be an

opportunity to join !


5.4 – Example of another expertise in Canada

APPENDIX 3:

MULTI-FUEL DASS ENGINE APPLICATIONS

http://www.spaceenginesystems.com

Multi-fuel DASS Engine Applications


APPENDIX 4:

SPACE JUNK 3D


REFERENCES (LINKS RELATED IN THIS DOCUMENT)

E C L I P S E T O U R S : h t t p : / / w w w . e c l i p s e t o u r s . c o m / p a u l - m a l e y / s p a c e - d e b r i s - 2 /

O O B J E C T : h t t p : / / w w w . o o b j e c t . c o m / c a t e g o r y / s p a c e - j u n k /

U C S : h t t p : / / w w w . u c s u s a . o r g / n u c l e a r _ w e a p o n s _ a n d _ g l o b a l _ s e c u r i t y / s p a c e _ w e a p o n s / t e c h n i c a l _ i s s u e s / u c s - s a t e l l i t e - d a t a b a s e . h t m l

E X A M I N E R : h t t p : / / w w w . e x a m i n e r . c o m / a r t i c l e / s p a c e - p r o g r a m - c o s t - e s t i m a t e s - u p d a t e

L A N D S A T : h t t p : / / l a n d s a t . u s g s . g o v / a b o u t _ L U _ V o l _ 2 _ I s s u e _ S p e c i a l _ E d i t i o n . p h p

N O R D I C S P A C E : h t t p : / / w w w . n o r d i c s p a c e . n e t / P D F / N S A 2 0 1 . p d f

S p a c e A c a d e m y A u s t r a l i a : h t t p : / / w w w . s p a c e a c a d e m y . n e t . a u / w a t c h / d e b r i s / g s d / g s d . h t m

C O P U O U S : h t t p : / / w w w . o o s a . u n v i e n n a . o r g / o o s a / e n / C O P U O S / s t s c / 2 0 1 3 / l t s w o r k s h o p . h t m l

I A D C : h t t p : / / w w w . i a d c - o n l i n e . o r g /

E U T E L S A T M i t i g a t i o n G u i d e l i n e s : h t t p : / / w w w . o o s a . u n v i e n n a . o r g / o o s a / e n / C O P U O S / s t s c / 2 0 1 3 / l t s w o r k s h o p . h t m l

X - 3 3 : h t t p : / / w w w . n a s a . g o v / c e n t e r s / m a r s h a l l / n e w s / b a c k g r o u n d / f a c t s / x 3 3 . h t m l

V I R G I N : h t t p : / / w w w . v i r g i n g a l a c t i c . c o m / o v e r v i e w / s p a c e s h i p s /

C H A S E R : h t t p : / / w w w . u n i v e r s e t o d a y . c o m / 1 0 2 0 2 0 / s i e r r a - n e v a d a - d r e a m - c h a s e r - g e t s - w i n g s - a n d - t a i l - s t a r t s - g r o u n d - t e s t i n g /

C H A S E R : h t t p : / / w w w . n a s a s p a c e f l i g h t . c o m / 2 0 1 3 / 0 7 / d r e a m - c h a s e r - o p e n i n g - t o w - t e s t s - d r y d e n /

S P A C E - X : h t t p : / / w w w . s p a c e x . c o m / d r a g o n . p h p

X - 3 7 : h t t p : / / w w w . b o e i n g . c o m / a d v e r t i s i n g / s p a c e / a d v a n c e d s y s t e m s / x 3 7 . h t m l

S K Y L O N : h t t p : / / d e s i g n y o u t r u s t . c o m / t e c h n o l o g y / s k y l o n - s p a c e - p l a n e /

S K Y L O N : h t t p : / / e n . w i k i p e d i a . o r g / w i k i / S k y l o n _ ( s p a c e c r a f t )

X C O R : h t t p : / / w w w . x c o r . c o m / l y n x p a y l o a d s / i n d e x . h t m l

D E O S : h t t p : / / w w w . s p a c e t e c h - i . c o m / d e u t s c h e - o r b i t a l e - s e r v i c i n g - m i s s i o n . h t m l

C S A C a n a d a r m : h t t p : / / w w w . a s c - c s a . g c . c a /

X - P l a n e : h t t p : / / w w w . x - p l a n e . c o m / d e s k t o p / h o m e /

S T K : h t t p : / / w w w . a g i . c o m / p r o d u c t s / s t k / m o d u l e s / d e f a u l t . a s p x / i d / s t k - f r e e

I S U : h t t p : / / i s u l i b r a r y . i s u n e t . e d u / o p a c /













































































































http://www.x-plane.com/desktop/home/




http://www.agi.com/products/stk/modules/default.aspx/id/stk-free




http://isulibrary.isunet.edu/opac/

http://isulibrary.isunet.edu/opac/


REFERENCES (FOR THIS STUDY)

1 . A l l i a n z G l o b a l C o r p o r a t e & S p e c i a l t y . 2 0 1 2 . « S p a c e R i s k : A n e w g e n e r a t i o n o f c h a l l e n g e s » . 1 1 p .

2 . J . - C . L i o u . 2 0 1 1 . « A n a c t i v e d e b r i s r e m o v a l p a r a m e t r i c s t u d y f o r L E O e n v i r o n m e n t r e m e d i a t i o n » . N A S A J o h n s o n S p a c e C e n t e r ,

H o u s t o n , U S A . 1 2 p .

3 . H o l g e r B u r k h a r d t a n d M a r t i n S i p p e l . 2 0 0 2 . « E v a l u a t i o n o f P r o p u l s i o n S y s t e m s f o r S a t e l l i t e E n d - o f - L i f e D e - O r b i t i n g » . D L R S p a c e

L a u n c h e r S y s t e m s A n a l y s i s ( S A R T ) A m e r i c a n I n s t i t u t e o f A e r o n a u t i c s a n d A s t r o n a u t i c s . 1 1 p .

4 . N a t i o n a l A e r o n a u t i c s a n d S p a c e A d m i n i s t r a t i o n ( N A S A ) . 2 0 1 3 . « F Y 2 0 1 3 P r e s i d e n t ' s B u d g e t R e q u e s t S u m m a r y » . 7 9 1 p .

5 . B e r n a r d C a b r i è r e s , F e r n a n d A l b y , C h r i s t i a n C a z a u x . 2 0 1 1 . « S a t e l l i t e e n d o f l i f e c o n s t r a i n t s : T e c h n i c a l a n d o r g a n i s a t i o n a l

s o l u t i o n s » . C e n t r e N a t i o n a l d ' É t u d e s S p a t i a l e s , T o u l o u s e , F r a n c e . 9 p .

6 . A l l e n J . G o u l d a n d O r i n L i n d e n . . « E s t i m a t i n g S a t e l l i t e I n s u s r a n c e L i a b i l i t i e s » . F C A S , M A A A . p p 4 7 - 8 4

7 . C h a r i s C h a r a l a m p o s , S . K o s m a s . X X X X . « O n - O r b i t s e r v i c i n g : T h e P r o j e c t H E R M E S : O p t i m a l S y s t e m A r c h i t e c t u r e e n a b l i n g a n

O p t i m a l d e p l o y m e n t p a t h » .

8 . M a r s h a l l H . K a p l a n . 2 0 1 0 . « S p a c e D e b r i s R e a l i t i e s a n d R e m o v a l » . T h e J o h n H o p k i n s U n i v e r s i t y , S p a c e D e p a r t m e n t , A p p l i e d

P h y s i c s L a b o r a t o r y . S O S T C : I m p r o v i n g S p a c e O p e r a t i o n s W o r k s h o p , S p a c e c r a f t C o l l i s i o n A v o i d a n c e a n d C o - l o c a t i o n . 2 0 p .

9 . U n i t e d N a t i o n s O f f i c e F o r O u t e r S p a c e A f f a i r s . 2 0 1 0 . « S p a c e D e b r i s M i t i g a t i o n G u i d e l i n e s o f t h e C o m m i t e e o n t h e P e a c e f u l U s e s

o f O u t e r S p a c e » . U n i t e d N a t i o n s , V i e n n a . 1 0 p .

1 0 . M . L o e s c h , F . d e B r u i n a n d a l . 2 0 1 0 . « E c o n o m i c A p p r o a c h f o r A c t i v e S p a c e D e b r i s R e m o v a l S e r v i c e s » . A s t r i u m S a t e l l i t e s G m b H ,

M u n i c h G e r m a n y . i - S A I R A S 2 0 1 0 , S a p p o r o , J a p a n . S p a c e T e c h P o s t - G r a d u a t e M a s t e r P r o g r a m o n S p a c e S y s t e m s a n d B u s i n e s s

E n g i n e e r i n g b y D e l f t U n i v e r s i t y . 8 p .

1 1 . S é n é c h a l , T h i e r r y . X X X X . « S p a c e D e b r i s P o l l u t i o n : A C o n v e n t i o n P r o p o s a l » . p p 3 9 - 6 5 .



1 2 . J o s e p h G r u b e r . X X X X . « S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c i n g a n d R e u t i l i z a t i o n » . E m b r y - R i d d l e A e r o n a u t i c a l U n i v e r s i t y . 1 5 p .

1 3 . M a n i k o w s k i , P i o t r . 2 0 0 6 . « E x a m p l e s o f s p a c e d a m a g e s i n t h e l i g h t o f i n t e r n a t i o n a l s p a c e l a w » . P o z n a n U n i v e r s i t y o f E c o n o m i c s .

V o l . 6 , N o . 1 . 1 5 p .

1 4 . A l b u - S c h a f f e r , A l i n . X X X X . « D L R ' s R o b o t i c T e c h n o l o g i e s f o r S p a c e D e b r i s M i t i g a t i o n a n d O n - O r b i t S e r v i c i n g » . S p a c e -

A d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f t h e G e r m a n A e r o s p a c e C e n t e r ( D L R ) , I n s t i t u t o f R o b o t i c s a n d M e c h a t r o n i c s . 2 1 p .

1 5 . W o l f , T h o m a s . 2 0 0 4 . « D e u t s c h e O r b i t a l e S e r v i c i n g M i s s i o n : T h e I n - f l i g h t T e c h n o l o g y D e m o n s t r a t i o n o f G e r m a n ' s R o b o t i c s

A p p r o a c h t o D i s p o s e M a l f u n c t i o n e d S a t e l l i t e s » . S p a c e - A d m i n i s t r a t i o n o f t h e G e r m a n A e r o s p a c e C e n t e r ( D L R ) . 2 3 p .

1 6 . L a y i O h i n o w o , R a j a M u k h e r j i , C r a i g L y n a n d A n d r e w O g i l v i e . 2 0 1 1 . « O n t h e A p p l i c a t i o n o f R o b o t i c s t o O n - O r b i t S p a c e c r a f t

S e r v i c i n g - t h e N e x t G e n e r a t i o n C a n a d a r m P r o j e c t » . M D A C o r p o r a t i o n . 1 0 p .

1 7 . A n d r e w O g i l v i e , J u s t o i n A l l p o r t , M i c h a e l H a n n a h a n d J o h n L y m e r . X X X X . « A u t o n o m o u s R o b o t i c s O p e r a t i u o n s f o r O n - O r b i t

S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c i n g » . M D A C o r p o r a t i o n . 1 2 p .

1 8 . K a l l e n d e r - U m e z u , P a u l . 2 0 1 1 . « A M a r k e t f o r C l e a n i n g U p S p a c e J u n k ? » . K e i o U n i v e r s i t y , F a c u l t y o f P o l i c y M a n a g e m e n t . G - S e c

W o r k i n g P a p e r N o . 3 0 . 1 6 p .

1 9 . J o h n M . S o c o l o w a n d B r i a n P . M i t c h e l l . 2 0 0 9 . « E m e r g i n g I s s u e s : U n m a n n e d A i r c r a f t a n d S p a c e D e b r i s » . P i n o & A s s o c i a t e s , L L P .

2 7 p .

2 0 . E u r o p e a n S p a c e A g e n c y ( E S A ) . 2 0 1 3 . « S p a c e O p e r a t i o n s : E S A a n d S p a c e D e b r i s » . D a r m s t a d t , G e r m a n y » . 1 6 p .

2 1 . E u r o p e a n S p a c e A g e n c y ( E S A ) . 2 0 0 6 . « P o s i t i o n P a p e r o n S p a c e D e b r i s M i t i g a t i o n : I m p l e m e n t i n g Z e r o D e b r i s C r e a t i o n Z o n e s » .

I n t e r n a t i o n a l A c a d e m e y o f A s t r o n a u t i c s ( I A A ) , P a r i s ( F r a n c e ) . S P - 1 3 0 1 . 6 3 p .

2 2 . I n t e r n a t i o n a l S p a c e U n i v e r s i t y . 2 0 1 2 . « S p a c e D e b r i s » . S u m e r S e s s i o n P r o g r a m ( S S P 2 0 1 2 ) : T e a m P r o j e c t R e p o r t . 1 2 1 p . .



2 3 . L e h n e r t , C h r i s t o p h e r . 2 0 1 2 . « S p a c e D e b r i s R e m o v a l f o r a S u s t a i n a b l e S p a c e e n v i r o n m e n t » . E u r o p e a n S p a c e P o l i c y I n s t i t u t e

( E S P I ) 5 2 . 7 p .

2 4 . U . S . C o n g r e s s , O f f i c e o f t e c h n o l o g y A s s e s s m e n t . 1 9 9 0 . « O r b i t i n g D e b r i s : A S p a c e E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o b l e m » . O T A - B P - I S C - 7 2 . 5 7

p .

2 5 . K l i n k r a d , H e i n e r . 2 0 1 3 . « S p a c e D e b r i s A c t i v i t i e s a t E S A i n 2 0 1 2 » . 5 0 t h U N C O P U O U S S T S C . 1 3 p .

2 6 . I n t e r n a l S p a c e U n i v e r s i t y . 2 0 0 7 . « D O C T O R : D e v e l o p i n g O n - O r b i t S e r v i c i n g C o n c e p t s , T e c h n o l o g y O p t i o n s , a n d R o a d m a p » .

S u m m e r S e s s i o n P r o g r a m ( S S P 2 0 0 7 ) : T e a m P r o j e c t R e p o r t . 9 4 p .

2 7 . S h i n - I c h i r o N i s h i d a , S a t o m i K a w a m o t o , Y a s h u s h i O k a w a , F u y u t o T e r u i , S h o j i K i t a m u r a . 2 0 0 9 . « S p a c e d e b r i s r e m o v a l s y s t e m u s i n g

a s m a l l s a t e l l i t e » . J a p a n : I n s t i t u t o f A e r o s p a c e T e c h n o l o g y , J a p a n A e r o s p a c e E x p l o r a t i o n A g e n c y ( J A X A ) . 8 p .

2 8 . Y u r i M a k a r o v a n d D m i t r i y G o r o b e t s . 2 0 0 9 . « S p a c e D e b r i s a n d C h a l l e n g e s t o S a f e t y o f S p a c e A c t i v i t y » . F e d e r a l S p a c e A g e n c y o f

R u s s i a . M o n t r e a l : t h e I n t e r n a t i o n a l n t e r d i s c i p l i n a r y C o n g r e s s o n s p a c e D e b r i s . 2 8 p .

2 9 . B e n j a m i n J a c o b s . 2 0 1 1 . « D e b r i s M i t i g a t i o n C e r t i f i c a t i o n a n d t h e C o m m e r c i a l S p a c e I n d u s t r y : A N e w W e a p o n i n t h e F i g h t A g a i n s t

S p a c e P o l l u t i o n » . 7 p .

3 0 . G o k s e l G u r g e n b u r a n . 2 0 1 1 . « A M e t h o d o l o g y t o R e p a i r o r D e o r b i t L E O S a t e l l i t e C o n s t e l l a t i o n s » . T u r k i s h A i r F o r c e A c a d e m y .

M a s t e r o f S c i e n c e A e r o s p a c e E n g i n e e r i n g . 1 1 8 p .

3 1 . A n s d e l l , M e g a n . 2 0 0 8 . « A c t i v e S p a c e D e b r i s R e m o v a l : N e e d s , I m p l i c a t i o n s , a n d R e c o m m e n d a t i o n s f o r T o d a y ' s G e o p o l i t i c a l

E n v i r o n m e n t » . 1 6 p .

3 2 . A i r F o r c e S p a c e C o m m a n d . 2 0 1 0 . « E n d - o f - L i f e d i s p o s a l o f S a t e l l i t e s i n L o w - E a r t h O r b i t » . S p a c e a n d M i s s i l e S y s t e m s C e n t e r

S t a n d a r d ( S M C - S - 0 2 2 ) . 4 7 p .



3 3 . R u s t i e L . H i b b a r d . 1 9 9 6 . « S a t e l l i t e O n - O r b i t R e f u e l l i n g : A C o s t E f f e c t i v e n e s s A n a l y s i s » . T h e s i s : N a v a l P o s t g r a d u a t e S c h o o l . 9 9

p .

3 4 . J o s h R e d d i n g a n d K e l l y J . H a y h u r s t . 2 0 1 3 . « G N S S & U n m a n n e d A e r i a l S y s t e m s : T h e R o a d A h e a d » . I n s i d e G N S S M a g a z i n e . 5 7 p .

3 5 . G u y R o u l e a u , I o a n n i s R e k l e i t i s a n d a l . X X X X . « A u t o n o m o u s C a p t u r e o f a T u m b l i n g S a t e l l i t e » . S p a c e T e c h n o l o g i e s , C a n a d i a n

S p a c e A g e n c y ( C S A ) . 8 p .

3 6 . G . H o r s h a m , G . S c h m i d t , a n d J . G i l l a n d . 2 0 1 1 . “ B u i l d i n g a R o b o t i c , L E O - t o - G E O S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c i n g I n f r a s t r u c t u r e a s a n E c o n o m i c

F o u n d a t i o n f o r 2 1 s t - C e n t u r y S p a c e E x p l o r a t i o n ” . N A S A G l e n n R e s e a r c h C e n t e r , O h i o A e r o s p a c e I n s t i t u t e , U S A . V o l . 1 , I s s u e 1 , 2 3

p a g e s .

3 7 . G . H o r s h a m , J . G i l l a n d . 2 0 1 0 . “ E s t a b l i s h i n g a R o b o t i c , L E O - t o - G E O S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c i n g I n f r a s t r u c t u r e a s a n E c o n o m i c F o u n d a t i o n

f o r E x p l o r a t i o n ” . N A S A G l e n n R e s e a r c h C e n t e r , O h i o A e r o s p a c e I n s t i t u t e , U S A . D O I : 1 0 . 2 5 1 4 / 6 . 2 0 1 0 - 8 8 9 7

3 8 . J o e r g K r e i s e l . 2 0 0 2 . « O n - O r b i t S e r v i c i n g o f S a t e l l i t e s ( O O S ) : i t s P o t e n t i a l M a r k e t & I m p a c t » . 7 t h E S A W o r k s h o p o n A d v a n c e d

S p a c e T e c h n o l o g i e s f o r R o b o t i c s a n d A u t o m a t i o n ( A S T R A ) , N o o r d w i j k , T h e N e t h e r l a n d s .

3 9 . A . L o n g , M . R i c h a r d s , a n d D . H a s t i n g s . 2 0 0 7 . “ O n - O r b i t S e r v i c i n g : A N e w V a l u e P r o p o s i t i o n f o r S a t e l l i t e D e s i g n a n d O p e r a t i o n " ,

J o u r n a l o f S p a c e c r a f t a n d R o c k e t s , V o l . 4 4 , N o . 4 , p p . 9 6 4 - 9 7 6 . d o i : 1 0 . 2 5 1 4 / 1 . 2 7 1 1 7

4 0 . B . S u l l i v a n . 2 0 0 5 . “ T e c h n i c a l a n d e c o n o m i c f e a s i b i l i t y o f t e l e - r o b o t i c o n - o r b i t s a t e l l i t e s e r v i c i n g ” . U n i v e r s i t y o f M a r y l a n d , C o l l e g e

P a r k , P u b l i c a t i o n N u m b e r : A A I 3 1 7 8 4 9 4 ; I S B N : 9 7 8 0 5 4 2 1 8 0 7 0 5 ; S o u r c e : D i s s e r t a t i o n A b s t r a c t s I n t e r n a t i o n a l , V o l u m e : 6 6 - 0 6 ,

S e c t i o n : B , p a g e : 3 2 5 3 . ; 3 0 8 p .

4 1 . B . S u l l i v a n . 2 0 1 2 . “ S a t e l l i t e S e r v i c i n g O p p o r t u n i t i e s I n G e o s y n c h r o n o u s O r b i t ” . S p a c e S y s t e m s I n t e g r a t i o n , U n i v e r s i t y o f

M a r y l a n d , C o l l e g e P a r k , D O I : 1 0 . 2 5 1 4 / 6 . 2 0 1 2 - 5 2 6 1

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