Istituto ComprensivoIstituto Comprensivo Gioiosa MaresaGioiosa Maresa

Anno scolastico 2006/2007

Index

Table of contentsTable of contents Drugs Drugs Why young people go on drugs Why young people go on drugs Legal drugs Legal drugs Types of drugs Types of drugs Narcotic drugs Opium Narcotic drugs Opium Stimulating Stimulating Sedatives or hypnotics Sedatives or hypnotics Stirrings Marijuana and hashish cannabis products Stirrings Marijuana and hashish cannabis products Hallucinogens Hallucinogens The drug The drug Therapeutic Associations operating in Italy Therapeutic Associations operating in Italy Drug Laws Drug Laws Doping Doping Doped athletes Doped athletes

Index

DrugsDrugs

Drug is any substance with a stupefying effect which if injected or inhaled in a living organism, can modify one or more functions and induce psychic alterations on the whole.

Index

Why young people go Why young people go on drugson drugs

Because of curiosity; Under pressure from a group of friends; A taste for transgression or simply a feel for

pleasure; Fragility and insecurity; Uneasiness and family vicissitudes; Lack of ideals; Unemployment Hurdles; Unbridled ambition; Easy way to get it as an offer

Index

Legal drugsLegal drugs

Alcool Tea Coffé Tabacco

Index

Types of drugs:Types of drugs:

Drugs are classified according to their effects on the central nervous system

Narcotic drugs such as opium and its derivatives;

Stimulating drugs such as cocaine and crack Sedative or hypnotic drugs such as

amphetamine Stirring Drugs such as marijuana and hashish Hallucinating drugs such as ecstasy and LSD

Index

Narcotic drugs Opium. Narcotic drugs Opium. Morphine and heroinMorphine and heroin

They are derivatives from poppies containing about 20 types of alkaloid such as morphine from which heroin is dried out..

Index

Morphine = Opium Morphine = Opium Alkaloid Alkaloid

It is used to bring relief from shooting pain or as a treatment in case of cancer.

Outcomes: The same as Heroin’s .

Index

Heroin :Heroin :

Heroin whenever is mixed with other substances such as strychnine may be pretty dangerous if not lethal.

It’s a white dust but grey or brown is possible too. It can be sniffed, smoked, mingled with water or injected by intravenous injection.Temporary effects: drop or relief from pain; slack state of consciousness and euphoriaOutcomes: slow breathing, state of anxiety, palpable loss of weight, state of sleepiness, heart and pulmonary infections.

Index

StimulatingStimulatingCocaine and crackCocaine and crack

Cocaine :alkaloid derived from coca leaves . It’s a white powder usually sniffed, diluted or injected by intravenous injection. Coca leaves can also be dried out and smoked.Temporary effects: euphoria, a rise on perception, attention and physical endurance levels; hungry and sleep resistance; Outcomes:anxiety and depression, convulsion,psychosis,cerebral and cardiovascular diseases;

Index

Crack :Crack :

cocaine product in guise of white crystals which get inhaled as steam Outcomes: nervous agitation, a rise on bodily temperature , hallucinations, convulsions and tremors

Index

Sedatives or Sedatives or hypnotics.hypnotics.

Amphetamines are ephedrine products and can be absorbed by intravenous injection or inhaled over smoking

Temporary effects; easier physical performances, euphoria, no toil, sleepless and inappetence

Outcomes: cardio circulator collapses psychomotor agitation, sleeplessness, loss of weight Index

Stirrings Marijuana and Stirrings Marijuana and hashish cannabis hashish cannabis

productsproducts

Marijuana = mixture of leaves, flowers and stems which is usually smoked as a joint or even eaten.

Index

sort of resin extracted from pollen

Temporary effects: They produce a sense of alienation or wealthy sensations, euphoria and sleepiness

Outcomes: anxiety, altered sense of direction and sight affection , hallucinations, poor concentration, illusions, slackness in movements

Hashish =

Index

HallucinogensHallucinogens

Ecstasy and LSD are synthetic drugs in guise of coloured pills known as “disco drugs” of late

Temporary effects: they kill hunger and sleep and have a socializing effect

Outcomes: Memory and learning disturbances, de-motivation, apathy, general careless for anything, tachycardia, blooded eyes, respiratory affections Index

The drug trafficThe drug traffic

The cultivations of tobacco, coca and Indian hemp stand for the main economic resource of many underdeveloped countries, think of Bolivia where coca production involves some thousands of peasants. Drugs routes, though, are as a rule run by powerful criminal organizations checking banks and influencing governments thanks to their huge connections everywhere in the world.

Index

Therapeutic Therapeutic Associations operating Associations operating

in Italyin Italy

Index

established in Turin in 1976 by Don Ciotti . It’s present in all regions with about eight centres. This community aims to tackle drug addict problems by involving directly institutions, local bodies and families;

Abel Group,Abel Group,

Index

CEISCEIS

was set up in Rome in 1971 by Don Picchi. It includes 40 branches throughout Italy. It is based on “Man Project” a therapeutic program calling addicts and families for a more responsible and active participation for recovery. Index

Coop. San PatrignanoCoop. San Patrignano

established at the end of the sixties by Muccioli. It’s the biggest residential community in Italy and is based mainly on work .The community, in fact is run like a business where the outgoing young crack-heads learn a job in their way to social integration.

Index

Community MeetingCommunity Meeting

It was set up in the sixties at Amelia by Don Pierino Gelmini. Its target is recovery through work. It reckons about 155 residential branches throughout Italy.

Index

Le PatriarcheLe Patriarche

arose in France in 1972 by a psychologist Lucien Engelmayer. It has been operating even in Italy since 1984 with its centres in Milan, Rome, Naples and Palermo. These centres are run up by outgoing crack-heads Index

Drug LawsDrug Laws

Index

The 1975 LawThe 1975 Law

cracked down only on producers while was tolerant with those addicts who were found with a low quantity of drug for personal use.

Index

The 1990 n° 162 LawThe 1990 n° 162 Law

exacerbated punishments against drug dealers and pushers introducing more severe rules so as to support fight against some international organizations. This law has predicted administrative sanctions as a start against all drug consumers and more severe punishments like imprisonment whenever the addict refused to undergo or withdraw from a rehabilitation program or treatment

Index

The 1993 The 1993 ReferendumReferendum

The Italian people voted for the abrogation of the rules concerning with crack-heads punishments even if they are still amenable to administrative sanctions and are entitled to get the necessary cures and treatments offered by public structures and therapeutic communities.

Index

The 1999 LawThe 1999 Law

has ratified back again consumer’s unpunishability and a careful and thorough management of the funds both for public bodies or administrations – Regions - and the private ones – communities –

Index

The 2006 n°49 Fini-The 2006 n°49 Fini-Giovanardi LawGiovanardi Law

has exacerbated punishments against consumers by erasing any distinction between heavy and light drug. It has confirmed administrative sanctions (suspension of passport, driving licence and firearm certificate). These sanctions are valid one month at the very least and one year at the very latest.

Index

The 2006 Livia Turco The 2006 Livia Turco Ministerial DecreeMinisterial Decree

has increased the maximum cannabis quantity for personal usage from 500 up to 1000 milligrams.

Index

Doping =Doping =

English term meaning any voluntary or imposed taking of illegal toxic substances by athletes in order to improve their agonistic performances.

Index

Doped athletesDoped athletes

Index

Ben Johnson: Ben Johnson:

He was disqualified at Seul Olympic Games in 1988 after winning the 100 meter race. Therefore, his record has been judged null and void.

Index

Marco PantaniMarco Pantani

He was excluded from the Tour of Italy in 1999 just as he was the header of the tour at the eve of the second-last lap.

Index

Diego Armando Diego Armando MaradonaMaradona

He was a player for the Naples football-team at the time when he took to drugs a bad habit that to this day is still spoiling his health.

Index

Index