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Email: [email protected]://www.ist-optimist.org
IST Roadmap for Optical CommunicationsGenerated by the OPTIMIST Thematic
Networkpresented by Piet Demeester
Draft status dd Feb 2002
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communications• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communication• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Photonics enabling Ambient Intelligence
AmI putsPEOPLE in the CENTER Advanced
Photonic(Sub)Systems
Advanced Photonic
Networks
Advanced Photonic
Components PEOPLE
Making technology invisible, imbedded in natural surroundings, present whenever we need it and making interaction with technology simple effortless
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Intelligent Optical Network
Wireless Link to Ambient IntelligencePDA
Computing Resources
Computing Resources
Data Storage
Intelligent Optical
NetworkION
UoP: Universal Optical Plug
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Core network for Ambient Intelligence
Making IST services available to all people anywhere anytime in a natural and trustful way requires :
• ultra high capacity optical global network and WAN
• fast and flexible provisioning of optical network resources
• efficient and very reliable management of multi-vendor multi-operator optical networks
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Access Network (City)
UOP : Universal Optical PlugMain ring : flexible λ-OADMSecondary ring : fixed fiber OADM
Metro
100 wavelengths10 Gbit/s/λ<20 km
10 Gbit/s
N x 10 Gbit/s
0.1 … 1 Gbit/sper customerTDM/TDMA
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
MAN (Country / Region)
Fast Wavelength Switches (FWS) /Optical Burst Switches (OBS)+ Gateway to access network+ Content servers (e.g. streaming media)
1000 wavelengths10 Gbit/s/λwavelength conversion<200 km
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
MAN (Country / Region)
Fast Wavelength Switches (FWS) /Optical Burst Switches (OBS)+ Gateway to access network+ Content servers (e.g. streaming media)
1000 wavelengths10 Gbit/s/λfast wavelength conversionno optical buffers
opticalburst
formation
IPpackets
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Wide Area Network (WAN)
WAN : Up to 1000 wavelengthsup to 80 Gbit/s/λwavebands (> 10 λ)
GN links
OXC: Optical Wavelength/Waveband Cross ConnectOPR: High Throughput Optical Packet Routers
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Global Network (GN)
GN : Up to 128 wavelengthsup to 160 Gbit/s/λwavebands (> 10 λ)
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Global Network / WANs - key features
Key Features and Figures 2012
• GN: transparent transoceanic distances• GN: upto 160 Gb/s/λ , upto 128 channels• WAN: up to 3000 km transparent transmission • WAN: 2.5 to 80 Gb/s/λ , up to 1000 channels• Optical Cross-connects, Optical Packet Router• Optical communication techniques (O-CDMA)
S y s t e m s
C o m p o n e n t s
/ S u b s y s t e m s
• MEMS switch fabrics > 5000 x 5000, < 10ms, < 1dB• Space switches, 64 x 64, < 1ns• High speed λ-converters (<1 ns)• Optical buffers• Wideband optical amplifier (<200 nm)• Optical regenerators• Widely fast-tunable Rx/Tx• Application engineered fibres
N e t w o r k s • Mesh topology• Optical wavelength (waveband) switching / optical packet routing• End to End Intelligent Optical Networking (ION) (e.g. G-MPLS)• Ubiquitous network resilience• Transparent monitoring
Global Network (GN) / WANs
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Regional/Metro Networks - key features
Key Features and Figures 2012
• Distances: 20 - 200 km • 2.5 to 40 Gb/s/λ , 100 to 1000 channels• Low cost OADM / OXC• Intelligent burst mode transmitters / receivers
S y s t e m s
C o m p o n e n t s
/ S u b s y s t e m s
• Low cost planar based optical switches / MUX-DMUX• Supercontinuüm generation • Low cost wavelength converters• Tunable Rx / Tx• Wideband optical amplifiers (<300 nm)• Switches (µsec)
N e t w o r k s • Mesh and ring topology• Optical wavelength switching• Optical burst switching (buffer-less)• End to End ION (seamless interworking with GN/ WAN)• Optimised network resilience classes
Regional/Metro Networks
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Access Networks - key features
S y s t e m s• Distance: up to 20 km• Up to 10 Gb/s per electronics serial transmission channel• Up to 100 WDM channels• OLTs (PON)/MUXes: up to 1Tb/s up link capacity• ONTs (PON): 10 Gb/s up link capacity per wavelength• Burst mode transmission
C o m p o n e n t s
/ S u b s y s t e m s
• Plug and play retail components and terminal adapters• Low-cost 10 Gb/s transmitters/receivers for pt-to-pt transmission• Low-cost 10 Gb/s burst mode transmitters for PONs• Low cost (D)WDM components
Key Features and Figures 2012
N e t w o r k s• Hybrid technology: fiber + (wireless/cable/ copper)• Fiber to the business (star and ring) • PONs for residential and SOHO (FTTB/H) • Seamless integration with End to End ION• Network infrastructure and management optimized for AmI• Optimized for low cost OAM
Access Networks
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communications• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Flexibility / Granularity of the OTN
Packet
Burst
FLEXIBILITYGRANULARITy
t i m e
OXC: optical cross connects
OADM: optical add drop mux
OPR: optical packet router
OPADM: optical packet add drop mux
Circuit
circuit-switchedstatic
circuit-switcheddynamic
packet-switched
Static
X
Dynamic
X
X
X
burst-switched
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Circuit-switching: data-plane node functionality
WD
M-
(de)mux
Fiber
WD
M-
(de)
mux
OXCfabric
TributaryportsTransponder
λ-convertor
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Burst-switching: data-plane node functionality
OBS ControllerO/E/O
Switch Fabric
1
1
2
2 2
1
Controlwavelengths
Datawavelengths
Data bursts
Control packet
Control packet processing(setup/bandwidth reservation)
Time offset
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Packet-switching: data-plane node functionality
OPS Controller
Node Controller (e.g., MPLS)
OPS Fabric
Header Insertion
Buffering
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Network Evolution – IST projects
Packet
Burst
FLEXIBILITYGRANULARITy
Circuit
Static Dynamic
DAVID
STOLAS
LIONCAPRICORN
WINMANATRIUM
Access Metro Wide Area
HARMONICS
METEOR LION
ATRIUMSTOLAS
DAVID
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Layer interworking IP/OTN
WDM / OTN
SDH
ATM
IP
Pt to Pt WDM
FRAMING
IPMPLS
λ-networking
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST ATRIUM
“A testbed of terabit IP routers running MPLS over DWDM”
The creation of an international optical research network at 2.5 Gbps based on the Alcatel 7770 RCP terabit router.
Alcatel
7770
ULg7770
AS #2 : VTHD
Paris7770
7770
AS #x : Renater / Geant
AS #y : Belnet/DFN
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST WINMAN
“WDM & IP Network Management”offer an integrated network management solution which
is capable of providing end-to-end IP connectivity services derived from Service Level Agreements (SLAs)
TELECOMMUNICATIONS INFRASTRUCTURE
ServiceServiceManagementManagement
NetworkNetworkManagementManagement
TelecomTelecomInfrastructureInfrastructure
Order Mgt
MANAGEMENTSYSTEM
TECHNOLOGY A
Trouble Mgt
MANAGEMENTSYSTEM
TECHNOLOGY B
Billing Mgt
MANAGEMENTSYSTEM
TECHNOLOGY C
Customer Service
MANAGEMENTSYSTEM
TECHNOLOGY D
Single access point for Service Management simplifies
creation of servicesINTER-DOMAIN MANAGEMENT
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST LION
T-NovaNMS
OXC4
Tellium Domain
Siemens OXCswith NNI signaling Siemens OXCswith NNI signaling
Tellium OXC with UNI signaling Tellium OXC with UNI signaling
The current optical transport network will be enhanced by adding two Siemens and one Tellium OXCs
The five Cisco GSRs will be connected to the new optical transport infrastructure
All the equipment will be enhanced by adding innovative ASON capabilities
A second Network Management System realized by T-Nova will interwork with ci@oNet for the management of the complete network
ci@oNetNMS
Interdomain NMS interworking via a CORBA-based interfaceInterdomain NMS interworking via a CORBA-based interface
OXC1
OADM2OADM3
OADM1
TILABDomain
Cisco GSRs with UNI signaling Cisco GSRs with UNI signaling
TILAB UNI/NNI signalingG.709 interfacesTILAB UNI/NNI signalingG.709 interfaces
SiemensDomain OXC2
OXC3GSR5
GSR2
GSR1
GSR4
GSR3
UNI (data)
UNI (data & signaling)
NNI (data & signaling)
LION testbed
“Layers Interworking in Optical Networks”To design, implement and test an
Automatic Switched Optical Network (ASON)
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST HARMONICS
“Hybrid Access Reconfigurable Multi-Wavelength Optical Networks forIP-based Communication Services”
convergence of access networks, supporting IP with differentiated QoS.
OXC
OLT
λ1-N
λ1-N
ProtectionSwitch
Passive DualBus Coupler
ProtectionRing
ONU
ONU
ONUPassiveOpticalSplitter
λ1
λN
AW
Gλ-
Dem
ux
λ1
λN
ONU
ONU
ONU
λ1-N
ONUs share a wavelength channel
All wavelength channels accessible for the ONUs
Normaloperating
path
Protectionpath
Central Office
HARMONICSOptical Feeder Network
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST DAVID
“Data and Voice Integration over DWDM”an approach towards MPLS-based,
optical packet switching with QoS supportDAVID node configuration
Wavelengthmultiplexing
andpre-amplification
Spaceselection Wavelength
selection
Coupler + interconnection
shuffler
λ1
λm
λ1
λm
. . .
. . .
1:(m.n)1
n
1
n
N:M
λj
λk
λj
λk
λm
λ1
λm
λ1
: regen. : mux.
: EDFA
: SOAs module
: n:m star coupler: 1:(m.n) coupler
ControlElectronic
M
G
W
ControlElectronic
from/to memory loop
from/to Gateway
from/to otherWAN nodes
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communications• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
OTDM and WDM Transmission
Scheme of a OTDM Transmission System
DEM
UX
1
2
3
4
80 Gbit/s - 1.28 Tbit/s - …
t
1234Pulse Source
Modulators
1
2
3
4
ETDM
ETDM
ETDM
ETDM
Scheme of a WDM Transmission System
WD
M
80 Gbit/s - 10 Tbit/s - ....
λ
λ3
λ4
λ2
λ1
λ-Controlled Laser
WD
M
Modulators
ETDM
ETDM
ETDM
ETDM
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
TDM
WDM
20G x 5
10G x 2511G x 1610G x 16
10G x 8410G x 50
10G x 73
10G x 100
20G x 32 100G x 10
80G x 13200G x 7
640G
1280G
32G40G
80G100G
200G160G
400G
160G x 1940G x 82
40G x 16040G x 40 x 4 OCDM
20G x 132
20G x 16011.6Gx300
42.7Gx25640Gx273
20G x 55
100G x 4
40G x 30
20G x 50
20G x 17
40G x 420G x 11
1 Tbit/s
Up to 1999OFC’ 2000ECOC’2000
ECOC’2001OFC’2001
10002000
50001000020000
Tota
lBit
Rate
[ Gbi
t /s]
Evolution of Transmission Bitrate
500
20010050
2010
200 500 1000 200010 20 50 100Single Channel Bit Rate [Gbit/s]
Source: LEOS Newsletter 10/99, OFC‘2000, ECOC‘2000, OFC‘2001, ECOC‘2001
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Spectral efficiency achievements
.5 1 2 5 10 20
.4
.8
1.2
1.6Sp
ectr
al E
ffici
ency
[(bi
t/s)/H
z]
Capacity-Length Product [Pbit/s * m]
OFC 2001ECOC 2001
ECOC 2000OFC 2000
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST ATLAS
“All-optical Terabit per second LAmbda Shifted transmission”Nx40 and Nx80 Gbit/s transmission in networks encompassing all-optical
wavelength converters.
Successful demonstration of 4 x 40 Gb/s transmission over 500 km G.655Residual dispersion slope effect:
Eye diagrams after 500 km (DM with prechirp map, ch 2 optimized):
1550.92 nm 1552.52 nm 1554.13 nm 1555.73 nm
Eye diagrams after per channel dedicated postcompensation :
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST METEOR
“Metropolitan Terabit Optical Ring”design, develop and demonstrate a terabit
optical metropolitan area network.
High speed (40Gbit/s per channel)
WDM (up to 40 channels)
Networking (nodes with add-drop functionality)
Mask layout active OADM
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communications• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Component IST projects
DOTCOMGSQ
GIFT
IO
QD + new material
POWERPACKWILD
ULTRABRIGHT AGETHA
Polymer and POF
Tunable sources
High power sources
TUNVIC
NEWTON
APPTECH
NAIS
HOMEPLANET
ATLASDOALLROSAPIANO
AmplifiersLOBSTERSYNERGIA
High speed sources
and receivers
Optical Signal Processing for OTDM or WDM
TOPRATEFASHIONMETEORSTOLAS
ANLM-OTDM
Photonic Bandgap
PCICPICCOPHOBOS
Cost ReductionObjectives
Poling in glass
GLAMOROUS
VCSEL
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Critical components and subsystems
2005Time
2000 2010
Sour
ces
Short pulse
Tunable
Low cost
1ps 100fs
100nm 300nm
VCSELs Polymer lasers
Switc
hes OXC/OADM
OTDM Demux
Space switch
SiO2onSi/SOA gates
MZ/EA/FWM
MOEMS
Tran
smis
sion Amplifiers
Dispersion management
Regeneration
Photonic crystals
Bio-photonics
Optical
dense
integration
technology
100nm 300nm
40Gb/s 160Gb/s
2R 3R(40Gb/s) 3R(160Gb/s)
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Optical Amplifiers, Spectral Range
λ
Rayleigh
CurvatureFIBRE
AMPLIFIERS
XS band S+ band S band C band L band L+ band
EDF(F)A
EDFA + gain equalizing filter
EDF(F)A + gain equalizing filter + Raman amplification
Telluride EDFA
RAMAN
30nm 40nm
47nm52nm
75nm
76nm
80nm
SOAs achievable range
Multi-pump Raman achievable range
P(praseodymium)DFA
36nm38nmTm(thullium)DFA Multi-pump RAMAN
22nm 36nm
1390 nm
-OH
1250 1350 1450 1490 1530 1570 1610 1650
EDFA
}}
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST LOBSTER
“Large Optical Bandwidth by Amplifier Systems Based on Tellurite FibresDoped with Rare Earths”
Ultra large T-OFAs for S, C, and L -bands (1.42-1.50 µm; 1.53-1.62 µm)
λ > 1.5
λ < 1.5
PumpMechanical angled jointSplice with high NA fibre
Erbium doped Te fibre
Thulium doped Te fibre
Possible configuration of ultra-large bandwidth amplifier
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST TUNVIC
“Micromechanical Widely Tunable VCSEL for WDM Telecommunication Systems”Introduction of micro-mechanical actuator in vertical micro-cavities in order to
obtain wavelength tunability.
1530 1540 1550 1560 1570-50
-40
-30
-20
-10
0
Actuation Power[mW]
0 0.4 1.1 1.6 2.1 2.8
Tuning
Wavelength [nm]
Filte
rtran
smis
sion
/ dB
FWHM = 0.13 nm
Transmission Loss = 1.4 dB
Tuning range = 42 nm
Sensitivity = 12 nm / mW)
Filter
AlGaAs micromachined DBR
Hybrid integrated long wavelength
VCSEL
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communications• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Potentially disruptive technologies
Emerging component technologies
• Polymer optoelectronics• Bio-photonics
Micro-optics andNanoelectronics
Molecular photonics
Quantum Communication• MOEMS
• Photonic bandgap devices• Quantum dot devices• Carbon nanotubes
• Cryptography• Computing• Teleportation
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST PICCO
“Photonic Integrated Circuits using photonic Crystal Optics”demonstrate the fundamental principles of photonic crystal microcircuits and
refine the computational and technological tools that are required to design, fabricate and cost-effectively mass-produce them.
GaAs based waveguide
260 nm
170 nmΓΜ
ΓΚ
Measured propagation loss 20 dB/mm via “cutback method”.Limited bandwidth due to “mini-stopband”
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communications• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
EU challenges and future issues
• Ambient Intelligence:Making services available to all people anywhere anytime in a natural and trustful wayA mix of ‘last mile’ technologies will be required –broadband – wireless – mobile
“Get all communications into fibre as quickly as possible and keep them there as far as possible”(David Kennedy – EURESCOM – IST 2001 event)
• Creation of the Intelligent Optical Networkis a pre-requisite
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
EU challenges / issues for further research
• Research towards the Intelligent Optical Network :
End-to-end intelligent optical networking (optical control plane)Provide higher bitrate – smaller granularity –higher flexibility in the optical networkGet fibre closer to the customer in a cost-effective waySeamless convergence of optical networking technologies and access networking (broadband –wireless – mobile)Bridge between NREN’s and advanced photonicnetworking
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Main Access Technologies
Twisted PairLegacy
BroadcastLegacy
POTSISDN
xDSL
Cable
SatelliteHybrid Fiber Coax
Fiber To X
GSM-UMTSWireless LAN
NewTechnologies
Broadband
Interactivity
Mobility
AmI
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
Outline
• Roadmap for Optical Communications• Network evolution• System evolution• Component evolution• Future and Emerging Technologies• EU challenges and future issues• IST OPTIMIST approach
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
IST OPTIMIST roadmap exercise
• Define Technology Trends in the technical area’s under study
• Interaction / discussions at workshops –meetings with key actors
• Dissemination at large of concepts / views(CD-rom, website, newsletter, presentations)
• Interaction with other organisations (OITDA, OIDA, PIF, EURESCOM, COST)
• Generate an ‘ IST roadmap view’ on optical communication (ongoing process)
IST- OPTIMIST http://www.ist-optimist.org
www.ist-optimist.org
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