Isolation & Exploration

Encouraging Exploration

Renaissance encouraged adventure & curiosity

Europeans seek greater wealth

Looked for spices & luxury goods

Nutmeg

Cinnamon

Ginger

Pepper

Add spices to bland food

Charged merchants high prices

Encouraging Exploration

Spread of Christianity

Crusades (1096-1270) left hostility between Christians & Muslims

Christians wanted to continue the fight to convert non-Christians

Bartolomeu Dias

Portuguese explorer

“Serve God, His Majesty, to give light to those who were in darkness…and to grow rich”

Technological Advances

Newly designed ships for longer voyages

Caravel

Triangular sails

Worked against the wind

Astrolabe – invented by Muslims

Brass ring with marked degrees

Use the ring & stars to mark distances from the equator

Magnetic compass

Invented by the Chinese

Label the Map

On the Blank Map provided you must Label the following explorers routes:

Dias

DaGama

Magellan

Columbus

Cabot

Hudson

Cabral

Get out a Blank – Half Sheet of Paper

Put Your Name on it, date, period

Number it like so……

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

After the Quiz, we will take notes –again!

1. What did Christopher Columbus’ brother do for a living?

2. Where was Columbus born?

3. What country did Columbus swim to when his ship was ambushed by pirates?

4. What country funded his voyage to the new world?

5. What were the 3 ships he travelled with?

Get out your maps from yesterday, and your notebooks too…

Label the Map – Part II

Make a CHART LIKE THIS:

? !

As you watch the Video… on a New Page in your Notebook…? And ! You will do 3 of each… 6 total. When you put a ! You are making an AHA!

Connection, as if to say – “I didn’t know that Columbus listened to Justin Beaver’s Christmas!”

When you put a ? – You are asking a question to the videographer, as if to say – “What did you mean when you said that Columbus was good for the people, but bad for mankind?”

Competition for Trade

Portugal Leads the Way

Prince Henry supported trade Helped conquer north African cities Saw the wealth that lay beyond Europe

Portugal had trade ports in West Africa Traded goods for gold and ivory

Portuguese sailors reach Asia (India) Captain Bartolomeu Dias (1487) sailed to the tip of

Africa Storms blew the ships around the tip

Tried to reach India but supplies were low

1498 Vasco da Gama reached the port of Calicut (India) 27,000 Miles

Spain Competes with Portugal

Spanish were jealous of Portuguese

Christopher Columbus

Believed he could reach India faster by sailing west

Reached the Caribbean islands in October, 1492

Spain believed they reached India first

Upset Portugal and created competition

Treaty of Tordesillas

Spain & Portugal prepared for war as competition grew Pope Alexander VI

Met with both nations to calm behaviors

Developed a Line of Demarcation A line directly down the center of the Atlantic Ocean

All lands west of the line belonged to Spain

All land east of the line belonged to Portugal

The treaty showed agreement to obey the line

New Trading Empires

Trading in the Indian Ocean

Da Gama’s voyage opens sea trading with Asia

Violence erupts

Countries battle for possession of Asian ports

Asian people battle new explorers

Portugal’s Trading Empire

Established circa 1500

Built relationships throughout the Indian Ocean area

Took control of spices from Muslim merchants

Defeated Muslim & Italian stronghold on Asian trade

Gained control of Spice Islands

Spice-rich lands outside the East Indies

Portugal Trading

Reached Japan in 1543 Shipwrecked sailors washed ashore Portuguese merchants soon followed

Asians were curious of newcomers Goods impact cultures

Clocks Eyeglasses Tobacco Firearms

Japanese change from using swords to muskets & cannons Allowed for the building of forts Small towns built outside of forts

Dutch Trading & Cultural Impact

Dutch Take Over

Portuguese driven out of East Indies Dutch trading takes over

People of the Netherlands Became sea trading power by 1600

20,000 Ships for trading Dutch East India Trading Company

Established in Asia Mint Money Make trade treaties Protected by their own army

Dominated England & Portugal trading

Dutch Grow Trade

Capture Spice Islands in 1619

Amsterdam becomes a leading commercial center by 1600s

Dutch controlled much of Asia & Cape of Good Hope

Located in South Africa

Impact on Asian Culture

Effects of European trade was limited Asians worked to limit influence of new trade

China & Japan tried to maintain their culture

Christian Missionaries 1549 Christian missionaries arrive in Japan

Japanese associate missionaries with muskets & other goods they wanted

300,000 Japanese converted to Christianity by 1600

Japan worked for almost 40 years to rid Japan of Christians

Impact (Cont)

Closed country policy

Persecution of Christians led to closed door policy

Did not agree with European ideas

Did like their technology

Shoguns sealed the country by 1639

Closed country policy