iSOIL - Interactions between soil related sciences ... · iSOIL-Interactions between soil related sciences – Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping is a Collaborative

iSOIL - Interactions between soil related sciences – Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping

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FP7 Collaborative project- iSOIL

Call: ENV.2007.3.1.2.1: Development and improvement of technologies fordata collection in (digital) soil mapping

iSOIL Project:19 partners from 9 countries42 months (01/06/2008- 30/11/2011)

Aim: Providing techniques and recommendations for high resolution, economically feasible, and target oriented soil mapping under conditions realistic for end-users.

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Linking different scales in iSOIL

field catchment landscapepoint

sam

plin

g st

rate

gysoil sampling

ground based platform

airborne platform

Combination of the advantages of geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping to develop a fast and cost effective approach to create high-resolution soil property maps for large areas

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WPs in iSOIL

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iSOIL Approach

Sensing concept, Landscape segmention and transects

Geological data

Elevation data

Geophysical data

…

Geophysicalmeasurements such as EMI and gamma-ray measurements forstructural and physical information

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iSOIL ApproachVa

lidat

ion

(Sam

plin

g)

Site-specificrelations betweengeophysical and soil parameters

Map of soilparameters

Derivation of Soilthreats/functions

Determination of points for calibrationof geophysical data

Soil Sampling at discrete points

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Outputs considered suitable for standardisation

1. iSOIL approach

2. Geophysical methods

3. Geophysical Pedo-Transferfunktions

4. Sampling Protocol

5. Digital Soil Mapping Approaches

6. Guidelines for mapping soil threats, soil functions and soil properties

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1. iSOIL approach

- Expertise and tools in geophysics, soil science and digital soil mappingneeded

- Only some used tools are dailyroutine tools

- many uncertainties, site specific

Sensingconcept, Landscape segmention and transects

Geological dataElevation dataGeophysicaldata…

Geophysicalmeasurementssuch as EMI and gamma-raymeasurements forstructural and physicalinformation

Valid

atio

n (S

ampl

ing)

Site-specificrelations betweengeophysical and soil parameters

Map of soilparametersDerivation of Soilthreats/functions

Determination of points forcalibration of geophysical dataSoil Sampling at discrete points

Approach is too complex to standardized

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2. Geophysical methods

• Geophysical techniques are applied in numerous areas and by different users from various research disciplines.

• not all users are aware of the limitations and restrictions of specific methods, which can lead to misinterpretation occurring

• Data reproducibility for single geophysical methods is an important prerequisite enabling common interpretation of results obtained using different methods

• Apart from ASTM standard for application of geophysical methods no standards available

High potential for standardisation

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3. Geophysical Pedo-Transferfunktions (GPFT)

Site-specific relationsship – no potential forstandardisation

GeophysicalParameters (indirect)

Soil ParametersRelationship?

GPTF

One goal of iSOIL is to develop an approach for identifying site-specific or regional one-to-one links between a combination of measured geophysical quantities and soil properties.

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4. Sampling Protocol

Too complex - difficult to negotiate

important to set out a sampling protocol which defines where and how to take samples – the sampling design.

Sampling design: number as well as the location of soil sampling sitesfor calibration and validation should be selected based on initialgeophysical surveys such as electromagnetic induction (EMI) and/or gammaspectroscopic measurements and the size of the field

at the landscape scale need of sampling schemes indicating where to operate the geophysical instruments

Sampling design depends not only on the size of the study area, but also on the digital soil mapping approach used and on model requirements

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4. Digital Soil Mapping Approaches

Scientific application– difficult to standardise

Various techniques and approaches

Scientific discussion is going on

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4. Guidelines for mapping soil threats, soil functions and soil properties

Guidelines shouldbe introduced in handbook

Definition of reasons, aim, area

Analyse the available data and apply appropriate method

No measures necessary/

No relevant risk

YES

NO

Selection of appropriate model approachbased on aim, required resolution, resources

Definition of further needed data

Acquisition further needed data

Run model

Define and apply remediation

Define and apply protection measures

Reasonable results?(quality, spatial

coverage)

NOYES

1

2

3

4

5

6

8

9

10

Map of riskSufficient information? Evaluation of risk and derivation of measures?

YES

Stakeholders

Stakeholders

7

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Standardization associations

Professional German Association for Water and Sanitation (DWA) & German Association for Gas and Water (DVGW): about 600 rules and standards in the water sector

DIN German Institute for Standardization: about 30.000 rules and standardsG

erm

any

Eur

ope

Inte

rnat

iona

l

European Committee for Standardization (CEN) responsible for European standards (ET) in various sectorsEuropean Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization(CENELEC)European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI)

International Organization for Standardization (ISO)International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) International Telecommunication Union (ITU)

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CEN Workshop Agreement

The CEN Workshop is a flexible working platform open to the participation of any company or organisation, inside or outside Europe, for rapid elaboration of consensus documents.

Flexible: Light procedures, Direct and voluntary participation of stakeholders, Work can start less than three months after the announcement, Participants decide on the Working arrangements

Open: Open to any interested party, No geographical restrictions, A public process, Registration open until the draft CWA is mature

Rapid: Reduced procedures, Few physical meetings, Working by electronicencouraged, Overall duration – from 5 to 18 months

CWA is developed by the participants in a CEN Workshop who are interested in developing the reference documents

CWA use is purely voluntary but can serve as a basis for the development of an EN or ISO Standard

CWAs are valid for 3 years and then choice to withdraw, prolongate, modify or propose standard

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CEN Workshop

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Electromagnetic induction measurement (EMI)

• non-invasive mapping method to characterize the subsurface

• various areas of application

• Electromagnetic induction measures the apparent electrical conductivity of the subsurface, which corresponds with different soil properties such as clay content, water content, and salinity

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Selection of EMI Application Areas

Geological Mapping Geotechnical Investigation

Agriculture

Groundwater Protection

Archeology

EMI Measurements

Raw material Prospecting

Environmental Monitoring

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Comparative measurements of different EM38DD

100 m

Partner 1 Partner 2

Partner 3

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Comparative measurements with different EM38DD

Vertical dipoledevice A: reproducible resultsdevice B: absolute values are lower, not reproducible, manufacturer says this is okay

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5mS/m to 50 mS/mEnvironmental monitoring

Monitoring

5mS/m to 10 mS/mAgriculture

5mS/m to 300 mS/mGeological mappingMapping

100 mS/mRaw material prospecting

10mS/m to 100 mS/mArchaeology

5mS/m to 1000mS/mGeotechnical investigation

Target mapping

Anomaly Application AreaObjective of surveyEach application is based on different conductivity differences

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Needs for standardization of EMI

Need of standardised procedures

Different EMI devices based on same physical principles providedifferent results

Different measurements with one device not always reproducable

Increase of EMI application from non-geophysicists

EM38DD EM31

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CEN Workshop for one geophysical method

CEN Workshop

Best Practice Approach for electromagnetic induction measurements of the near surface

The overall goal of the workshop is to develop a standardized approach for electromagnetic induction measurement to ensure that results can be evaluated and processed under uniform circumstances and can be comparable.

1.5m

1.5m

1.5m

10cm

N

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CEN WS 59

Kick-off meeting- June 3, 2010

Technical meeting- June 4, 2010

Registered members: 40

Manufacturers: Geonics,

Dualem, GSSI,

GF Instruments

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Participants of the CEN WS59

Man

ufac

ture

rs

iSO

ILPr

ojec

t

DIN Berlin

Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland

Railway Technical Institute – JP (CEN/TC)

Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe

Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research

Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague

Christian-Albrechts-Universität zu Kiel

Czech University of Life Sciences Prague

University of Bonn

Geophysical Survey Systems, Inc.

GF Instruments

Dualem.com

Geonics

Geosensors Inc.

Allsat GmbH network+services -D

Allied Associated Geophysical Ltd.-UK

Soil Company –NL

Eijkelkamp-NL

GGL Geophysik und Geotechnik -D

Medusa Explorations –NL

Res

earc

h In

stitu

tes/

Uni

vers

itiesSM

Es

Stak

ehol

ders

Forschungszentrum Juelich -D

Université catholique Louvain -B

Potsdam University -D

Universidade de Évora -Pt

Ohio State University- US

Aarhus University -DK

Lund University-SE

Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences –DK

University of Leicester –UK

Wageningen University -NLM

anuf

actu

rers

iSO

IL

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KO Meeting : 3th of June 2010 in Leipzig

First version of the Draft CWA to WS participants for comments

1st plenary : End of September 2010

2nd version of the draft CWA to WS participant for comments

2nd plenary : Early December 2010Examination of the comments on the second version of the Draft CWA

3rd version of the draft CWA to the WS participants

Public comment phase : 60 days (May/June 2011)

Final voting of WS participants

CWA sent to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre for publication

June 10

Aug 2010

Sep 2010

Nov 2010

Dec 2010

Feb 2011

May/

June 2011

July 2011

Oct 2011

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Content of CWA document

1 Scope2 Terms and definitions3 Symbols and abbreviations4 Review of existing standards and standards related activities and documents5 Electromagnetic induction methods for the near surface6 Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements7 Calibration8 Stability and sensitivity evaluation of EMI devices9 Surveying approaches10 Best practice measurement at field site11 Data Processing and Evaluation12 Quality Assurance13 Qualitative and Quantitative use of EMI data

Annex A (informative) Field Protocol for EMI measurementsAnnex B (informative)

Important Hints for Field worksImportant practical aspectsPossible Errors

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Definition of 72 EMI related terms

CWA: 2. Terms and definitions

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• Weight• Depth of Exploration (DOE)• Inductive Coupling• Effort• LIN assumption• Lower environmental noise for LIN EMI devices• Extended conductivity concept

• Environmental Noise• Sensitivity of EMI devices (Metallic objects and anomalies; Array length; Positioning)• Instrument related problems (Nonlinerarity, Fixed coil spacing, Accuracy; Dependency of field calibration; Zero-level drift)• Interpretation related problems• Qualitative-qualitative-translation into soil properties

Advantages Limitations

CWA: Advantages and limitation of electromagnetic induction measurements

Provides a good overview

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Best practice approach for EMI measurements at field site

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Flow chart for EMI data processing in mapping application

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Outcome of the CEN-WS 59

CWA will be published within the next month

How do iSOIL benefit from this CWA?

•CWA can be included in further standardizationprocesses at CEN or DIN

•Establishment of cooperations with different WS members and DIN Berlin

www.treatmentsaver.com

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For further information seewww.isoil.infoor contact [email protected]

iSOIL-Interactions between soil related sciences – Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping is a Collaborative Project (Grant Agreement number 211386) co-funded by the Research DG of the European Commission within the RTD activities of the FP7 Thematic Priority Environment.

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iSOIL - Interactions between soil related sciences ... · iSOIL-Interactions between soil related sciences – Linking geophysics, soil science and digital soil mapping is a Collaborative