ISO character entities and their LaTeX equivalents - … · It is also a handy reference to the ISO ... 2.4 Added Math Symbols: Ordinary ... ISO character entities and their LATEX

ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents

Vidar Bronken Gundersen, Rune Mathisen

Revision: 4.03, Date: 2001-01-14

Abstract

This is an attempt to make an overview of SGML/XML character entities inISO 8879:1986 and their LATEX equivalents. It is also a handy reference to the ISOcharacter entities for non-LATEX users as it shows the visual appearance of thecharacter entities.

The latest version of this documentation and the source material resides athttp://www.bitjungle.com/~isoent/.

If you find errors or have comments/suggestions of any kind, please email [email protected].

Permissions to use, copy, modify and distribute this document for any purpose andwithout fee is hereby granted in perpetuity that the copyright notice below and thisparagraph appear in all copies. It is provided as is without expressed or impliedwarranty.

c2000 Vidar Bronken Gundersen, Rune Mathisenhttp://www.bitjungle.com/~isoent/

http://www.bitjungle.com/~isoent/mailto:[email protected]://www.bitjungle.com/~isoent/


Contents

1 General and publishing symbols 31.1 Publishing (pub) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31.2 Numeric and special graphic (num) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51.3 Box and line drawing (box) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

2 Mathematics and sciences 92.1 General technical (tech) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92.2 Greek symbols (grk3) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 112.3 Alternative greek symbols (grk4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122.4 Added Math Symbols: Ordinary (amso) . . . . . . . . . . . 132.5 Added Math Symbols: Binary operators (amsb) . . . . . . . 142.6 Added Math Symbols: Relations (amsr) . . . . . . . . . . . 152.7 Added Math Symbols: Negated relations (amsn) . . . . . . 182.8 Added Math Symbols: Arrow Relations (amsa) . . . . . . . 202.9 Added Math Symbols: Delimiters (amsc) . . . . . . . . . . 21

3 Latin based alphabets 223.1 Added Latin 1 (lat1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223.2 Added Latin 2 (lat2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 243.3 Diacritical marks (dia) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

4 Non-Latin based alphabets 284.1 Russian Cyrillic (cyr1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 284.2 Non-Russian Cyrillic (cyr2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304.3 Greek letters (grk1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 304.4 Monotoniko Greek (grk2) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32

5 Notes 335.1 Mapping data (ent.xml) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335.2 The Description column . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335.3 Required LATEX packages and fonts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 335.4 Characters unavailable to normal PDF output . . . . . . . . 345.5 Displaying Cyrillic characters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345.6 Latin 1 encoding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 345.7 Numeric and publishing symbols . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

6 References 35


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http://www.bitjungle.com/~isoent/

Publishing (iso-pub) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents

1 General and publishing symbols

1.1 Publishing (pub)

ISO entity LATEX equivalent Glyph LATEX requirements Description

emsp \hspace{1em} =em spaceensp \hspace{0.5em} =en space (1/2-em)emsp13 \hspace{0.33em} =1/3-em spaceemsp14 \hspace{0.25em} =1/4-em spacenumsp \hphantom{0} =digit space (width of a number)puncsp \hphantom{,} =punctuation space (width of comma)thinsp \hspace{0.167em} =thin space (1/6-em)hairsp \hspace{1pt} =hair spacemdash --- =em dashndash -- =en dashdash - - =hyphen (true graphic)blank \textvisiblespace =significant blank symbolhellip \ldots . . . =ellipsis (horizontal)nldr \nldr .. local =double baseline dot (en leader)frac13 \sfrac{1}{3} 1/3 (math) local =fraction one-thirdfrac23 \sfrac{2}{3} 2/3 (math) local =fraction two-thirdsfrac15 \sfrac{1}{5} 1/5 (math) local =fraction one-fifthfrac25 \sfrac{2}{5} 2/5 (math) local =fraction two-fifthsfrac35 \sfrac{3}{5} 3/5 (math) local =fraction three-fifthsfrac45 \sfrac{4}{5} 4/5 (math) local =fraction four-fifthsfrac16 \sfrac{1}{6} 1/6 (math) local =fraction one-sixthfrac56 \sfrac{5}{6} 5/6 (math) local =fraction five-sixthsincare {^c\!/\!_o} c/o (math) =in-care-of symbolblock \block local =full blockuhblk \uhblk local =upper half blocklhblk \lhblk local =lower half blockblk14 \textcolor[gray]{.75}{\block} color,local =25% shaded blockblk12 \textcolor[gray]{.5}{\block} color,local =50% shaded blockblk34 \textcolor[gray]{.25}{\block} color,local =75% shaded blockmarker \marker local =histogram markercir \circ (math) /circ B: =circle, opensqu \square (math) amssymb =square, open

continued on next page. . .


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Publishing (iso-pub) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


rect \fbox{~~} =rectangle, openutri \vartriangle M (math) amssymb /triangle =up triangle, opendtri \triangledown O (math) amssymb /triangledown =down triangle, openstar \ding{73} pifont =star, openbull \textbullet /bullet B: =round bullet, filledsquf \blacksquare (math) amssymb /blacksquare =sq bullet, filledutrif \blacktriangle N (math) amssymb /blacktriangle =up tri, filleddtrif \blacktriangledown H (math) amssymb /blacktriangledown =dn tri, filledltrif \blacktriangleleft J (math) amssymb /blacktriangleleft R: =l tri, filledrtrif \blacktriangleright I (math) amssymb /blacktriangleright R: =r tri, filledclubs \ding{168} pifont /clubsuit =club suit symboldiams \ding{169} pifont /diamondsuit =diamond suit symbolhearts \ding{170} pifont /heartsuit =heart suit symbolspades \ding{171} pifont /spadesuit =spades suit symbolmalt \maltese z amsfonts /maltese =maltese crossdagger \dag /dagger B: =daggerDagger \ddag /ddagger B: =double daggercheck \checkmark X amsfonts /checkmark =tick, check markcross \ding{55} pifont =ballot crosssharp \sharp ] (math) /sharp =musical sharpflat \flat [ (math) /flat =musical flatmale \male wasysym =male symbolfemale \female wasysym =female symbolphone \phone wasysym =telephone symboltelrec \recorder wasysym =telephone recorder symbolcopysr \textcircledP textcomp =sound recording copyright signcaret \mathchar"1356

(math) =caret (insertion mark)

lsquor , , =rising single quote, left (low)ldquor ,, ,, =rising dbl quote, left (low)fflig ff ff small ff ligaturefilig fi fi small fi ligaturefjlig fj fj small fj ligatureffilig ffi ffi small ffi ligatureffllig ffl ffl small ffl ligaturefllig fl fl small fl ligaturemldr \mldr ... local em leaderrdquor rising dbl quote, right (high)



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Numeric and special graphic (iso-num) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


rsquor rising single quote, right (high)

vellip \vdots... (math) vertical ellipsis

hybull \hybull local rectangle, filled (hyphen bullet)loz \lozenge (math) amssymb /lozenge - lozenge or total marklozf \blacklozenge (math) amssymb /blacklozenge - lozenge, filledltri \triangleleft / (math) /triangleleft B: l triangle, openrtri \triangleright . (math) /triangleright B: r triangle, openstarf \bigstar F (math) amssymb /bigstar - star, fillednatur \natural \ (math) /natural - music naturalrx \textrecipe textcomp pharmaceutical prescription (Rx)sext \ding{86} pifont sextile (6-pointed star)target \mathchar"2208 (math) register mark or targetdlcrop \dlcrop local downward left crop mark

drcrop \drcrop local downward right crop mark

ulcrop \ulcrop local upward left crop mark

urcrop \urcrop local upward right crop mark

1.2 Numeric and special graphic (num)


half \sfrac{1}{2} 1/2 (math) local =fraction one-halffrac12 \sfrac{1}{2} 1/2 (math) local =fraction one-halffrac14 \sfrac{1}{4} 1/4 (math) local =fraction one-quarterfrac34 \sfrac{3}{4} 3/4 (math) local =fraction three-quartersfrac18 \sfrac{1}{8} 1/8 (math) local =fraction one-eighthfrac38 \sfrac{3}{8} 3/8 (math) local =fraction three-eighthsfrac58 \sfrac{5}{8} 5/8 (math) local =fraction five-eighthsfrac78 \sfrac{7}{8} 7/8 (math) local =fraction seven-eighthssup1 ^1 1 (math) =superscript onesup2 ^2 2 (math) =superscript twosup3 ^3 3 (math) =superscript threeplus + + (math) =plus signplusmn \pm (math) /pm B: =plus-or-minus sign



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Numeric and special graphic (iso-num) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


lt \textless < =less-than sign R:equals = = (math) =equals sign R:gt \textgreater > =greater-than sign R:divide \div (math) /div B: =divide signtimes \times (math) /times B: =multiply signcurren \textcurrency textcomp =general currency signpound \pounds =pound signdollar \$ $ =dollar signcent \textcent textcomp =cent signyen \textyen textcomp /yen =yen signnum \# # =number signpercnt \% % =percent signamp \& & =ampersandast \ast (math) /ast B: =asteriskcommat @ @ =commercial atlsqb [ [ /lbrack O: =left square bracketbsol \textbackslash \ /backslash =reverse solidusrsqb ] ] /rbrack C: =right square bracketlcub \{ { /lbrace O: =left curly brackethorbar --- =horizontal barverbar \vert | (math) /vert =vertical barrcub \} } /rbrace C: =right curly bracketmicro \textmu textcomp =micro signohm \textohm W textcomp =ohm signdeg \textdegree =degree signordm \textordmasculine =ordinal indicator, masculineordf \textordfeminine =ordinal indicator, femininesect \S =section signpara \P =pilcrow (paragraph sign)middot \textperiodcentered /centerdot B: =middle dotlarr \leftarrow (math) /leftarrow /gets A: =leftward arrowrarr \rightarrow (math) /rightarrow /to A: =rightward arrowuarr \uparrow (math) /uparrow A: =upward arrowdarr \downarrow (math) /downarrow A: =downward arrowcopy \copyright c =copyright signreg \textregistered r /circledR =registered signtrade \texttrademark TM =trade mark sign



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Box and line drawing (iso-box) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


brvbar \textbrokenbar textcomp =broken (vertical) barnot \lnot (math) /neg /lnot =not signsung \textmusicalnote n textcomp =music note (sung text sign)excl ! ! =exclamation markiexcl ! =inverted exclamation markquot " =quotation markapos =apostrophelpar ( ( O: =left parenthesisrpar ) ) C: =right parenthesiscomma , , P: =commalowbar \underline{\space\space} =low linehyphen - - =hyphenperiod . . =full stop, periodsol / / =soliduscolon : : /colon P:semi ; ; =semicolon P:quest ? ? =question markiquest ? =inverted question marklaquo \guillemotleft fontenc:T1 =angle quotation mark, leftraquo \guillemotright fontenc:T1 =angle quotation mark, rightlsquo =single quotation mark, leftrsquo =single quotation mark, rightldquo =double quotation mark, leftrdquo =double quotation mark, rightnbsp ~ =no break (required) spaceshy \- =soft hyphen

1.3 Box and line drawing (box)


boxh \boxh local horizontal line

boxv \boxv local vertical lineboxur \boxur local upper right quadrantboxul \boxul local upper left quadrantboxdl \boxdl local lower left quadrant



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Box and line drawing (iso-box) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


boxdr \boxdr local lower right quadrant

boxvr \boxvr local upper and lower right quadrantsboxhu \boxhu local upper left and right quadrants

boxvl \boxvl local upper and lower left quadrantsboxhd \boxhd local lower left and right quadrants

boxvh \boxvh local all four quadrants

boxvR \boxvR local upper and lower right quadrantsboxhU \boxhU local upper left and right quadrants

boxvL \boxvL local upper and lower left quadrantsboxhD \boxhD local lower left and right quadrants

boxvH \boxvH local all four quadrantsboxH \boxH local horizontal line

boxV \boxV local vertical lineboxUR \boxUR local upper right quadrantboxUL \boxUL local upper left quadrantboxDL \boxDL local lower left quadrantboxDR \boxDR local lower right quadrant

boxVR \boxVR local upper and lower right quadrantsboxHU \boxHU local upper left and right quadrants

boxVL \boxVL local upper and lower left quadrantsboxHD \boxHD local lower left and right quadrants

boxVH \boxVH local all four quadrants

boxVr \boxVr local upper and lower right quadrantsboxHu \boxHu local upper left and right quadrants

boxVl \boxVl local upper and lower left quadrantsboxHd \boxHd local lower left and right quadrants

boxVh \boxVh local all four quadrantsboxuR \boxuR local upper right quadrantboxUl \boxUl local upper left quadrantboxdL \boxdL local lower left quadrant



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General technical (iso-tech) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


boxDr \boxDr local lower right quadrantboxUr \boxUr local upper right quadrantboxuL \boxuL local upper left quadrantboxDl \boxDl local lower left quadrantboxdR \boxdR local lower right quadrant

2 Mathematics and sciences

2.1 General technical (tech)


Dot \ddot{} (math) =dieresis or umlaut markfnof f f (math) =function of (italic small f)Verbar \Vert (math) /Vert =dbl vertical barpermil \textperthousand textcomp =per thousandprime ^\prime (math) /prime =prime or minutePrime {} (math) =double prime or secondtprime {} (math) triple primetdot \ddot{}\kern 3pt\dot{ } (math) three dots aboveDotDot \ddot{}\kern4.5pt\ddot{ } (math) four dots abovehamilt H H (math) mathrsfs Hamiltonian (script capital H)lagran L L (math) mathrsfs Lagrangian (script capital L)angst \AA A Angstrom =capital A, ringbernou B B (math) mathrsfs Bernoulli function (script capital B)phmmat M M (math) mathrsfs physics M-matrix (script capital M)order \mathit{o} o (math) order of (script small o)aleph \aleph (math) /aleph =aleph, HebrewlArr \Leftarrow (math) /Leftarrow A: =is implied byrArr \Rightarrow (math) /Rightarrow A: =impliesiff \iff (math) /iff =if and only ifforall \forall (math) /forall =for allpart \partial (math) /partial =partial differentialexist \exists (math) /exists =at least one existsnabla \nabla (math) /nabla =del, Hamilton operatorisin \in (math) /in R: =set membership



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General technical (iso-tech) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


notin \not\in 6 (math) N: negated set membershipni \ni 3 (math) /ni /owns R: =containsminus - (math) B: =minus signmnplus \mp (math) /mp B: =minus-or-plus signlowast _\ast (math) low asteriskcompfn \circ (math) B: composite function (small circle)radic \surd

(math) /surd =radical

prop \propto (math) /propto R: =is proportional toinfin \infty (math) /infty =infinityang90 \sqangle (math) local =right (90 degree) angleangsph \sphericalangle ^ (math) amssymb /sphericalangle =angle-sphericalpar \parallel (math) /parallel R: =paralleland \wedge (math) /wedge /land B: =logical andor \vee (math) /vee /lor B: =logical orcap \cap (math) /cap B: =intersectioncup \cup (math) /cup B: =union or logical sumint \int

(math) /int L: =integral operator

conint \oint

(math) /oint L: =contour integral operatorthere4 \therefore (math) amssymb /therefore R: =thereforebecaus \because (math) amssymb /because R: =becausesim \sim (math) /sim R: =similarsime \simeq ' (math) /simeq R: =similar, equalscong \cong = (math) /cong R: =congruent withap \approx (math) /approx R: =approximatewedgeq \stackrel{\wedge}{=} = (math) R: corresponds to (wedge, equals)ne \not= 6= (math) /ne /neq R: =not equalequiv \equiv (math) /equiv R: =identical withle \leq (math) /leq /le R: =less-than-or-equalge \geq (math) /geq /ge R: =greater-than-or-equalsub \subset (math) /subset R: =subset or is implied bysup \supset (math) /supset R: =superset or impliessube \subseteq (math) /subseteq R: =subset, equalssupe \supseteq (math) /supseteq R: =superset, equalsbottom \bot (math) /bot B: =perpendicularperp \perp (math) /perp R: =perpendicularsquare \square (math) amssymb /square B: =square



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Greek symbols (iso-grk3) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


lang \langle (math) /langle O: =left angle bracketrang \rangle (math) /rangle C: =right angle bracket

2.2 Greek symbols (grk3)


alpha \alpha (math) =small alpha, Greekbeta \beta (math) =small beta, Greekgamma \gamma (math) =small gamma, GreekGamma \Gamma (math) =capital Gamma, Greekgammad \digamma z (math) amssymb /digammadelta \delta (math) =small delta, GreekDelta \Delta (math) =capital Delta, Greekepsi \epsilon (math) =small epsilon, Greekepsiv \varepsilon (math) /varepsilonepsis \epsilon (math) /straightepsilonzeta \zeta (math) =small zeta, Greeketa \eta (math) =small eta, Greekthetas \theta (math) straight thetaTheta \Theta (math) =capital Theta, Greekthetav \vartheta (math) /vartheta - curly or open thetaiota \iota (math) =small iota, Greekkappa \kappa (math) =small kappa, Greekkappav \varkappa (math) amssymb /varkappalambda \lambda (math) =small lambda, GreekLambda \Lambda (math) =capital Lambda, Greekmu \mu (math) =small mu, Greeknu \nu (math) =small nu, Greekxi \xi (math) =small xi, GreekXi \Xi (math) =capital Xi, Greekpi \pi (math) =small pi, Greekpiv \varpi $ (math) /varpiPi \Pi (math) =capital Pi, Greekrho \rho (math) =small rho, Greekrhov \varrho % (math) /varrho



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Alternative greek symbols (iso-grk4) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


sigma \sigma (math) =small sigma, GreekSigma \Sigma (math) =capital Sigma, Greeksigmav \varsigma (math) /varsigmatau \tau (math) =small tau, Greekupsi \upsilon (math) =small upsilon, GreekUpsi \Upsilon (math) =capital Upsilon, Greekphis \phi (math) /straightphi - straight phiPhi \Phi (math) =capital Phi, Greekphiv \varphi (math) /varphi - curly or open phichi \chi (math) =small chi, Greekpsi \psi (math) =small psi, GreekPsi \Psi (math) =capital Psi, Greekomega \omega (math) =small omega, GreekOmega \Omega (math) =capital Omega, Greek

2.3 Alternative greek symbols (grk4)


b.alpha \alpha (math) amsbsy =small alpha, Greekb.beta \beta (math) amsbsy =small beta, Greekb.gamma \gamma (math) amsbsy =small gamma, Greekb.Gamma \Gamma (math) amsbsy =capital Gamma, Greekb.gammad \digamma z (math) amsbsy,amssymb /digammab.delta \delta (math) amsbsy =small delta, Greekb.Delta \Delta (math) amsbsy =capital Delta, Greekb.epsi \epsilon (math) amsbsy =small epsilon, Greekb.epsiv \varepsilon (math) amsbsy /varepsilonb.epsis \epsilon (math) amsbsy /straightepsilonb.zeta \zeta (math) amsbsy =small zeta, Greekb.eta \eta (math) amsbsy =small eta, Greekb.thetas \theta (math) amsbsy straight thetab.Theta \Theta (math) amsbsy =capital Theta, Greekb.thetav \vartheta (math) amsbsy /vartheta - curly or open thetab.iota \iota (math) amsbsy =small iota, Greekb.kappa \kappa (math) amsbsy =small kappa, Greek



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Added Math Symbols: Ordinary (iso-amso) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


b.kappav \varkappa (math) amsbsy,amssymb /varkappab.lambda \lambda (math) amsbsy =small lambda, Greekb.Lambda \Lambda (math) amsbsy =capital Lambda, Greekb.mu \mu (math) amsbsy =small mu, Greekb.nu \nu (math) amsbsy =small nu, Greekb.xi \xi (math) amsbsy =small xi, Greekb.Xi \Xi (math) amsbsy =capital Xi, Greekb.pi \pi (math) amsbsy =small pi, Greekb.Pi \Pi (math) amsbsy =capital Pi, Greekb.piv \varpi $ (math) amsbsy /varpib.rho \rho (math) amsbsy =small rho, Greekb.rhov \varrho % (math) amsbsy /varrhob.sigma \sigma (math) amsbsy =small sigma, Greekb.Sigma \Sigma (math) amsbsy =capital Sigma, Greekb.sigmav \varsigma (math) amsbsy /varsigmab.tau \tau (math) amsbsy =small tau, Greekb.upsi \upsilon (math) amsbsy =small upsilon, Greekb.Upsi \Upsilon (math) amsbsy =capital Upsilon, Greekb.phis \phi (math) amsbsy /straightphi - straight phib.Phi \Phi (math) amsbsy =capital Phi, Greekb.phiv \varphi (math) amsbsy /varphi - curly or open phib.chi \chi (math) amsbsy =small chi, Greekb.psi \psi (math) amsbsy =small psi, Greekb.Psi \Psi (math) amsbsy =capital Psi, Greekb.omega \omega (math) amsbsy =small omega, Greekb.Omega \Omega (math) amsbsy =capital Omega, Greek

2.4 Added Math Symbols: Ordinary (amso)


ang \angle (math) /angle - angleangmsd \measuredangle ] (math) amssymb /measuredangle - angle-measuredbeth \beth i (math) amssymb /beth - beth, Hebrewbprime ^\backprime 8 (math) amssymb /backprime - reverse primecomp \complement { (math) amssymb /complement - complement sign



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Added Math Symbols: Binary operators (iso-amsb) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


daleth \daleth k (math) amssymb /daleth - daleth, Hebrewell \ell ` (math) /ell - cursive small lempty \emptyset (math) /emptyset /varnothing =small o, slashgimel \gimel (math) amssymb /gimel - gimel, Hebrewimage \Im = (math) /Im - imaginaryinodot \imath (math) /imath =small i, no dotjnodot \jmath (math) /jmath - small j, no dotnexist \nexists @ (math) amssymb /nexists - negated existsoS \circledS s (math) amssymb /circledS - capital S in circleplanck \hbar ~ (math) /hbar /hslash - Plancks over 2pireal \Re < (math) /Re - realsbsol \smallsetminus r (math) amssymb /sbs - short reverse solidusvprime {} (math) /varprime - prime, variantweierp \wp (math) /wp - Weierstrass p

2.5 Added Math Symbols: Binary operators (amsb)


amalg \amalg q (math) /amalg B: amalgamation or coproductBarwed \doublebarwedge [ (math) amssymb /doublebarwedge B: log and, dbl barbarwed \barwedge Z (math) amssymb /barwedge B: logical and, bar aboveCap \Cap e (math) amssymb /Cap /doublecap B: dbl intersectionCup \Cup d (math) amssymb /Cup /doublecup B: dbl unioncuvee \curlyvee g (math) amssymb /curlyvee B: curly logical orcuwed \curlywedge f (math) amssymb /curlywedge B: curly logical anddiam \diamond (math) /diamond B: open diamonddivonx \divideontimes > (math) amssymb /divideontimes B: division on timesintcal \intercal (math) amssymb /intercal B: intercallthree \leftthreetimes h (math) amssymb /leftthreetimes B:ltimes \ltimes n (math) amssymb /ltimes B: times sign, left closedminusb \boxminus (math) amssymb /boxminus B: minus sign in boxoast \circledast ~ (math) amssymb /circledast B: asterisk in circleocir \circledcirc } (math) amssymb /circledcirc B: open dot in circleodash \circleddash (math) amssymb /circleddash B: hyphen in circleodot \odot (math) /odot B: middle dot in circle



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Added Math Symbols: Relations (iso-amsr) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


ominus \ominus (math) /ominus B: minus sign in circleoplus \oplus (math) /oplus B: plus sign in circleosol \oslash (math) /oslash B: solidus in circleotimes \otimes (math) /otimes B: multiply sign in circleplusb \boxplus (math) amssymb /boxplus B: plus sign in boxplusdo \dotplus u (math) amssymb /dotplus B: plus sign, dot aboverthree \rightthreetimes i (math) amssymb /rightthreetimes B:rtimes \rtimes o (math) amssymb /rtimes B: times sign, right closedsdot \cdot (math) /cdot B: small middle dotsdotb \boxdot (math) amssymb /dotsquare /boxdot B: small dot in boxsetmn \setminus \ (math) /setminus B: reverse solidussqcap \sqcap u (math) /sqcap B: square intersectionsqcup \sqcup t (math) /sqcup B: square unionssetmn \smallsetminus r (math) amssymb /smallsetminus B: sm reverse solidussstarf \star ? (math) /star B: small star, filledtimesb \boxtimes (math) amssymb /boxtimes B: multiply sign in boxtop \top > (math) /top B: inverted perpendicularuplus \uplus ] (math) /uplus B: plus sign in unionwreath \wr o (math) /wr B: wreath productxcirc \bigcirc (math) /bigcirc B: large circlexdtri \bigtriangledown 5 (math) /bigtriangledown B: big dn tri, openxutri \bigtriangleup 4 (math) /bigtriangleup B: big up tri, opencoprod \coprod

(math) /coprod L: coproduct operator

prod \prod

(math) /prod L: product operatorsum \sum

(math) /sum L: summation operator

2.6 Added Math Symbols: Relations (amsr)


ape \approxeq u (math) amssymb /approxeq R: approximate, equalsasymp \asymp (math) /asymp R: asymptotically equal tobcong \backcong v= (math) amssymb,local /backcong R: reverse congruentbepsi \backepsilon (math) amssymb /backepsilon R: such thatbowtie \bowtie ./ (math) /bowtie R:bsim \backsim v (math) amssymb /backsim R: reverse similar



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bsime \backsimeq w (math) amssymb /backsimeq R: reverse similar, eqbump \Bumpeq m (math) amssymb /Bumpeq R: bumpy equalsbumpe \bumpeq l (math) amssymb /bumpeq R: bumpy equals, equalscire \circeq $ (math) amssymb /circeq R: circle, equalscolone := := (math) /coloneq R: colon, equalscuepr \curlyeqprec 2 (math) amssymb /curlyeqprec R: curly eq, precedescuesc \curlyeqsucc 3 (math) amssymb /curlyeqsucc R: curly eq, succeedscupre \preccurlyeq 4 (math) amssymb /curlypreceq R: curly precedes, eqdashv \dashv a (math) /dashv R: dash, verticalecir \eqcirc P (math) amssymb /eqcirc R: circle on equals signecolon =: =: (math) /eqcolon R: equals, coloneDot \doteqdot + (math) amssymb /doteqdot /Doteq R: eq, even dotsesdot \doteq .= (math) /doteq R: equals, single dot aboveefDot \fallingdotseq ; (math) amssymb /fallingdotseq R: eq, falling dotsegs \eqslantgtr 1 (math) amssymb /eqslantgtr R: equal-or-gtr, slantedels \eqslantless 0 (math) amssymb /eqslantless R: eq-or-less, slantederDot \risingdotseq : (math) amssymb /risingdotseq R: eq, rising dotsfork \pitchfork t (math) amssymb /pitchfork R: pitchforkfrown \frown _ (math) /frown R: down curvegap \gtrapprox ' (math) amssymb /gtrapprox R: greater, approximategsdot \gtrdot m (math) amssymb /gtrdot R: greater than, single dotgE \geqq = (math) amssymb /geqq R: greater, double equalsgel \gtreqless R (math) amssymb /gtreqless R: greater, equals, lessgEl \gtreqqless T (math) amssymb /gtreqqless R: gt, dbl equals, lessges \geqslant > (math) amssymb /geqslant R: gt-or-equal, slantedGg \ggg (math) amssymb /ggg /Gg /gggtr R: triple gtr-thangl \gtrless (math) amssymb /gtrless R: greater, lessgsim \gtrsim & (math) amssymb /gtrsim R: greater, similarGt \gg (math) /gg R: dbl greater-than signlap \lessapprox / (math) amssymb /lessapprox R: less, approximateldot \lessdot l (math) amssymb /lessdot R: less than, with dotlE \leqq 5 (math) amssymb /leqq R: less, double equalslEg \lesseqqgtr S (math) amssymb /lesseqqgtr R: less, dbl eq, greaterleg \lesseqgtr Q (math) amssymb /lesseqgtr R: less, eq, greaterles \leqslant 6 (math) amssymb /leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slantlg \lessgtr (math) amssymb /lessgtr R: less, greater



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Ll \lll (math) amssymb /Ll /lll /llless R: triple less-thanlsim \lesssim . (math) amssymb /lesssim R: less, similarLt \ll (math) /ll R: double less-than signltrie \trianglelefteq E (math) amssymb /trianglelefteq R: left triangle, eqmid \mid | (math) /mid R:models \models |= (math) /models R:pr \prec (math) /prec R: precedesprap \precapprox w (math) amssymb /precapprox R: precedes, approximatepre \preceq (math) /preceq R: precedes, equalsprsim \precsim - (math) amssymb /precsim R: precedes, similarrtrie \trianglerighteq D (math) amssymb /trianglerighteq R: right tri, eqsamalg \amalg q (math) /smallamalg R: small amalgsc \succ (math) /succ R: succeedsscap \succapprox v (math) amssymb /succapprox R: succeeds, approximatesccue \succcurlyeq < (math) amssymb /succcurlyeq R: succeeds, curly eqsce \succeq (math) /succeq R: succeeds, equalsscsim \succsim % (math) amssymb /succsim R: succeeds, similarsfrown \smallfrown a (math) amssymb /smallfrown R: small down curvesmid \shortmid p (math) amssymb /shortmid R:smile \smile ^ (math) /smile R: up curvespar \shortparallel q (math) amssymb /shortparallel R: short parallelsqsub \sqsubset < (math) amssymb /sqsubset R: square subsetsqsube \sqsubseteq v (math) /sqsubseteq R: square subset, equalssqsup \sqsupset = (math) amssymb /sqsupset R: square supersetsqsupe \sqsupseteq w (math) /sqsupseteq R: square superset, eqssmile \smallsmile ` (math) amssymb /smallsmile R: small up curveSub \Subset b (math) amssymb /Subset R: double subsetsubE \subseteqq j (math) amssymb /subseteqq R: subset, dbl equalsSup \Supset c (math) amssymb /Supset R: dbl supersetsupE \supseteqq k (math) amssymb /supseteqq R: superset, dbl equalsthkap \thickapprox (math) amssymb /thickapprox R: thick approximatethksim \thicksim (math) amssymb /thicksim R: thick similartrie \triangleq , (math) amssymb /triangleq R: triangle, equalstwixt \between G (math) amssymb /between R: betweenvdash \vdash ` (math) /vdash R: vertical, dashVdash \Vdash (math) amssymb /Vdash R: dbl vertical, dashvDash \vDash (math) amssymb /vDash R: vertical, dbl dash



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Added Math Symbols: Negated relations (iso-amsn) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


veebar \veebar Y (math) amssymb /veebar R: logical or, bar belowvltri \vartriangleleft C (math) amssymb /vartriangleleft R: l tri, open, varvprop \varpropto (math) amssymb /varpropto R: proportional, variantvrtri \vartriangleright B (math) amssymb /vartriangleright R: r tri, open, varVvdash \Vvdash (math) amssymb /Vvdash R: triple vertical, dash

2.7 Added Math Symbols: Negated relations (amsn)


gnap \gnapprox (math) amssymb /gnapprox N: greater, not approximategne \gneq (math) amssymb /gneq N: greater, not equalsgnE \gneqq (math) amssymb /gneqq N: greater, not dbl equalsgnsim \gnsim (math) amssymb /gnsim N: greater, not similargvnE \gvertneqq (math) amssymb /gvertneqq N: gt, vert, not dbl eqlnap \lnapprox (math) amssymb /lnapprox N: less, not approximatelnE \lneqq (math) amssymb /lneqq N: less, not double equalslne \lneq (math) amssymb /lneq N: less, not equalslnsim \lnsim (math) amssymb /lnsim N: less, not similarlvnE \lvertneqq (math) amssymb /lvertneqq N: less, vert, not dbl eqnap \not\approx 6 (math) /napprox N: not approximatencong \not\cong 6= (math) /ncong N: not congruent withnequiv \not\equiv 6 (math) /nequiv N: not identical withngE \ngeqq (math) amssymb /ngeqq N: not greater, dbl equalsnge \not\geq 6 (math) /ngeq N: not greater-than-or-equalnges \ngeqslant (math) amssymb /ngeqslant N: not gt-or-eq, slantedngt \not> 6> (math) /ngtr N: not greater-thannle \not\leq 6 (math) /nleq N: not less-than-or-equalnlE \nleqq (math) amssymb /nleqq N: not less, dbl equalsnles \nleqslant (math) amssymb /nleqslant N: not less-or-eq, slantnlt \not< 6< (math) /nless N: not less-thannltri \ntriangleleft 6 (math) amssymb /ntriangleleft N: not left trianglenltrie \ntrianglelefteq 5 (math) amssymb /ntrianglelefteq N: not l tri, eqnmid \nmid - (math) amssymb /nmidnpar \nparallel (math) amssymb /nparallel N: not parallelnpr \not\prec 6 (math) /nprec N: not precedes



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Added Math Symbols: Negated relations (iso-amsn) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


npre \not\preceq 6 (math) /npreceq N: not precedes, equalsnrtri \ntriangleright 7 (math) amssymb /ntriangleright N: not rt trianglenrtrie \ntrianglerighteq 4 (math) amssymb /ntrianglerighteq N: not r tri, eqnsc \not\succ 6 (math) /nsucc N: not succeedsnsce \not\succeq 6 (math) /nsucceq N: not succeeds, equalsnsim \not\sim 6 (math) /nsim N: not similarnsime \not\simeq 6' (math) /nsimeq N: not similar, equalsnsmid \nshortmid . (math) amssymb /nshortmidnspar \nshortparallel / (math) amssymb /nshortparallel N: not short parnsub \not\subset 6 (math) /nsubset N: not subsetnsube \not\subseteq 6 (math) /nsubseteq N: not subset, equalsnsubE \nsubseteqq " (math) amssymb /nsubseteqq N: not subset, dbl eqnsup \not\supset 6 (math) /nsupset N: not supersetnsupE \nsupseteqq # (math) amssymb /nsupseteqq N: not superset, dbl eqnsupe \not\supseteq 6 (math) /nsupseteq N: not superset, equalsnvdash \nvdash 0 (math) amssymb /nvdash N: not vertical, dashnvDash \nvDash 2 (math) amssymb /nvDash N: not vertical, dbl dashnVDash \nVDash 3 (math) amssymb /nVDash N: not dbl vert, dbl dashnVdash \nVdash 1 (math) amssymb /nVdash N: not dbl vertical, dashprnap \precnapprox (math) amssymb /precnapprox N: precedes, not approxprnE \precneqq (math) amssymb /precneqq N: precedes, not dbl eqprnsim \precnsim (math) amssymb /precnsim N: precedes, not similarscnap \succnapprox (math) amssymb /succnapprox N: succeeds, not approxscnE \succneqq (math) amssymb /succneqq N: succeeds, not dbl eqscnsim \succnsim (math) amssymb /succnsim N: succeeds, not similarsubne \subsetneq ( (math) amssymb /subsetneq N: subset, not equalssubnE \subsetneqq $ (math) amssymb /subsetneqq N: subset, not dbl eqsupne \supsetneq ) (math) amssymb /supsetneq N: superset, not equalssupnE \supsetneqq % (math) amssymb /supsetneqq N: superset, not dbl eqvsubnE \varsubsetneqq & (math) amssymb /subsetneqq N: subset not dbl eq, varvsubne \varsubsetneq (math) amssymb /subsetneq N: subset, not eq, varvsupne \varsupsetneq ! (math) amssymb /supsetneq N: superset, not eq, varvsupnE \varsupsetneqq ' (math) amssymb /supsetneqq N: super not dbl eq, var


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Added Math Symbols: Arrow Relations (iso-amsa) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents

2.8 Added Math Symbols: Arrow Relations (amsa)


cularr \curvearrowleft x (math) amssymb /curvearrowleft A: left curved arrowcurarr \curvearrowright y (math) amssymb /curvearrowright A: rt curved arrowdArr \Downarrow (math) /Downarrow A: down dbl arrowdarr2 \downdownarrows (math) amssymb /downdownarrows A: two down arrowsdharl \downharpoonleft (math) amssymb /downleftharpoon A: dn harpoon-leftdharr \downharpoonright (math) amssymb /downrightharpoon A: down harpoon-rtlAarr \Lleftarrow W (math) amssymb /Lleftarrow A: left triple arrowLarr \twoheadleftarrow (math) amssymb /twoheadleftarrow A:larr2 \leftleftarrows (math) amssymb /leftleftarrows A: two left arrowslarrhk \hookleftarrow (math) /hookleftarrow A: left arrow-hookedlarrlp \looparrowleft " (math) amssymb /looparrowleft A: left arrow-loopedlarrtl \leftarrowtail (math) amssymb /leftarrowtail A: left arrow-tailedlhard \leftharpoondown (math) /leftharpoondown A: l harpoon-downlharu \leftharpoonup (math) /leftharpoonup A: left harpoon-uphArr \Leftrightarrow (math) /Leftrightarrow A: l&r dbl arrowharr \leftrightarrow (math) /leftrightarrow A: l&r arrowlrarr2 \leftrightarrows (math) amssymb /leftrightarrows A: l arr over r arrrlarr2 \rightleftarrows (math) amssymb /rightleftarrows A: r arr over l arrharrw \leftrightsquigarrow ! (math) amssymb /leftrightsquigarrow A: l&r arr-wavyrlhar2 \rightleftharpoons (math) /rightleftharpoons A: r harp over llrhar2 \leftrightharpoons (math) amssymb /leftrightharpoons A: l harp over rlsh \Lsh (math) amssymb /Lsh A:map \mapsto 7 (math) /mapsto A:mumap \multimap ( (math) amssymb /multimap A:nearr \nearrow (math) /nearrow A: NE pointing arrownlArr \nLeftarrow : (math) amssymb /nLeftarrow A: not implied bynlarr \nleftarrow 8 (math) amssymb /nleftarrow A: not left arrownhArr \nLeftrightarrow < (math) amssymb /nLeftrightarrow A: not l&r dbl arrnharr \nleftrightarrow = (math) amssymb /nleftrightarrow A: not l&r arrownrarr \nrightarrow 9 (math) amssymb /nrightarrow A: not right arrownrArr \nRightarrow ; (math) amssymb /nRightarrow A: not impliesnwarr \nwarrow (math) /nwarrow A: NW pointing arrowolarr \circlearrowleft (math) amssymb /circlearrowleft A: l arr in circleorarr \circlearrowright (math) amssymb /circlearrowright A: r arr in circle



Revision: 4.02, Date: 2000-12-14 20


Added Math Symbols: Delimiters (iso-amsc) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


rAarr \Rrightarrow V (math) amssymb /Rrightarrow A: right triple arrowRarr \twoheadrightarrow (math) amssymb /twoheadrightarrow A:rarr2 \rightrightarrows (math) amssymb /rightrightarrows A: two rt arrowsrarrhk \hookrightarrow (math) /hookrightarrow A: rt arrow-hookedrarrlp \looparrowright # (math) amssymb /looparrowright A: rt arrow-loopedrarrtl \rightarrowtail (math) amssymb /rightarrowtail A: rt arrow-tailedrarrw \rightsquigarrow (math) amssymb /squigarrowright A: rt arrow-wavyrhard \rightharpoondown (math) /rightharpoondown A: rt harpoon-downrharu \rightharpoonup (math) /rightharpoonup A: rt harpoon-uprsh \Rsh (math) amssymb /Rsh A:drarr \searrow (math) /searrow A: downward rt arrowdlarr \swarrow (math) /swarrow A: downward l arrowuArr \Uparrow (math) /Uparrow A: up dbl arrowuarr2 \upuparrows (math) amssymb /upuparrows A: two up arrowsvArr \Updownarrow m (math) /Updownarrow A: up&down dbl arrowvarr \updownarrow l (math) /updownarrow A: up&down arrowuharl \upharpoonleft (math) amssymb /upleftharpoon A: up harpoon-leftuharr \upharpoonright (math) amssymb /uprightharpoon A: up harp-rxlArr \Longleftarrow = (math) /Longleftarrow A: long l dbl arrowxhArr \Longleftrightarrow (math) /Longleftrightarrow A: long l&r dbl arrxharr \longleftrightarrow (math) /longleftrightarrow A: long l&r arrxrArr \Longrightarrow = (math) /Longrightarrow A: long rt dbl arr

2.9 Added Math Symbols: Delimiters (amsc)


rceil \rceil e (math) /rceil C: right ceilingrfloor \rfloor c (math) /rfloor C: right floorrpargt \rlap{$>$}\,) >) (math) /rightparengtr C: right paren, gturcorn \urcorner q (math) amsfonts /urcorner C: upper right cornerdrcorn \lrcorner y (math) amsfonts /lrcorner C: downward right cornerlceil \lceil d (math) /lceil O: left ceilinglfloor \lfloor b (math) /lfloor O: left floorlpargt \rlap{$>$}\,( >( (math) /leftparengtr O: left parenthesis, gtulcorn \ulcorner p (math) amsfonts /ulcorner O: upper left cornerdlcorn \llcorner x (math) amsfonts /llcorner O: downward left corner


Revision: 4.02, Date: 2000-12-14 21


Added Latin 1 (iso-lat1) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents

3 Latin based alphabets

3.1 Added Latin 1 (lat1)


aacute \{a} a =small a, acute accentAacute \{A} A =capital A, acute accentacirc \^{a} a =small a, circumflex accentAcirc \^{A} A =capital A, circumflex accentagrave \{a} a =small a, grave accentAgrave \{A} A =capital A, grave accentaring \aa a =small a, ringAring \AA A =capital A, ringatilde \~{a} a =small a, tildeAtilde \~{A} A =capital A, tildeauml \"{a} a =small a, dieresis or umlaut markAuml \"{A} A =capital A, dieresis or umlaut markaelig \ae =small ae diphthong (ligature)AElig \AE =capital AE diphthong (ligature)ccedil \c{c} c =small c, cedillaCcedil \c{C} C =capital C, cedillaeth \dh fontenc:T1 =small eth, IcelandicETH \DH fontenc:T1 =capital Eth, Icelandiceacute \{e} e =small e, acute accentEacute \{E} E =capital E, acute accentecirc \^{e} e =small e, circumflex accentEcirc \^{E} E =capital E, circumflex accentegrave \{e} e =small e, grave accentEgrave \{E} E =capital E, grave accenteuml \"{e} e =small e, dieresis or umlaut markEuml \"{E} E =capital E, dieresis or umlaut markiacute \{\i} =small i, acute accentIacute \{I} I =capital I, acute accenticirc \^{\i} =small i, circumflex accentIcirc \^{I} I =capital I, circumflex accentigrave \{\i} =small i, grave accent



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Igrave \{I} I =capital I, grave accentiuml \"{\i} =small i, dieresis or umlaut markIuml \"{I} I =capital I, dieresis or umlaut markntilde \~{n} n =small n, tildeNtilde \~{N} N =capital N, tildeoacute \{o} o =small o, acute accentOacute \{O} O =capital O, acute accentocirc \^{o} o =small o, circumflex accentOcirc \^{O} O =capital O, circumflex accentograve \{o} o =small o, grave accentOgrave \{O} O =capital O, grave accentoslash \o =small o, slashOslash \O =capital O, slashotilde \~{o} o =small o, tildeOtilde \~{O} O =capital O, tildeouml \"{o} o =small o, dieresis or umlaut markOuml \"{O} O =capital O, dieresis or umlaut markszlig \ss =small sharp s, German (sz ligature)thorn \th fontenc:T1 =small thorn, IcelandicTHORN \TH fontenc:T1 =capital THORN, Icelandicuacute \{u} u =small u, acute accentUacute \{U} U =capital U, acute accentucirc \^{u} u =small u, circumflex accentUcirc \^{U} U =capital U, circumflex accentugrave \{u} u =small u, grave accentUgrave \{U} U =capital U, grave accentuuml \"{u} u =small u, dieresis or umlaut markUuml \"{U} U =capital U, dieresis or umlaut markyacute \{y} y =small y, acute accentYacute \{Y} Y =capital Y, acute accentyuml \"{y} y =small y, dieresis or umlaut mark


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3.2 Added Latin 2 (lat2)


abreve \u{a} a =small a, breveAbreve \u{A} A =capital A, breveamacr \={a} a =small a, macronAmacr \={A} A =capital A, macronaogon \k{a} fontenc:T1 =small a, ogonekAogon \k{A} fontenc:T1 =capital A, ogonekcacute \{c} c =small c, acute accentCacute \{C} C =capital C, acute accentccaron \v{c} c =small c, caronCcaron \v{C} C =capital C, caronccirc \^{c} c =small c, circumflex accentCcirc \^{C} C =capital C, circumflex accentcdot \.{c} c =small c, dot aboveCdot \.{C} C =capital C, dot abovedcaron \v{d} d =small d, caronDcaron \v{D} D =capital D, carondstrok \dj fontenc:T1 =small d, strokeDstrok \DJ fontenc:T1 =capital D, strokeecaron \v{e} e =small e, caronEcaron \v{E} E =capital E, caronedot \.{e} e =small e, dot aboveEdot \.{E} E =capital E, dot aboveemacr \={e} e =small e, macronEmacr \={E} E =capital E, macroneogon \k{e} fontenc:T1 =small e, ogonekEogon \k{E} fontenc:T1 =capital E, ogonekgacute \{g} g =small g, acute accentgbreve \u{g} g =small g, breveGbreve \u{G} G =capital G, breveGcedil \c{G} G =capital G, cedillagcirc \^{g} g =small g, circumflex accentGcirc \^{G} G =capital G, circumflex accentgdot \.{g} g =small g, dot above



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Gdot \.{G} G =capital G, dot abovehcirc \^{h} h =small h, circumflex accentHcirc \^{H} H =capital H, circumflex accenthstrok \hstrok -h local =small h, strokeHstrok \Hstrok H local =capital H, strokeIdot \.{I} I =capital I, dot aboveImacr \={I} I =capital I, macronimacr \={\i} =small i, macronijlig i\kern -.15em j ij =small ij ligatureIJlig I\kern -.15em J IJ =capital IJ ligatureinodot \i =small i without dotiogon \k{i} i fontenc:T1 =small i, ogonekIogon \k{I} I fontenc:T1 =capital I, ogonekitilde \~{\i} =small i, tildeItilde \~{I} I =capital I, tildejcirc \^{\j} =small j, circumflex accentJcirc \^{J} J =capital J, circumflex accentkcedil \c{k} k =small k, cedillaKcedil \c{K} K =capital K, cedillakgreen \textsc{k} k =small k, Greenlandiclacute \{l} l =small l, acute accentLacute \{L} L =capital L, acute accentlcaron \v{l} l =small l, caronLcaron \v{L} L =capital L, caronlcedil \c{l} l =small l, cedillaLcedil \c{L} L =capital L, cedillalmidot \lmidot .l local =small l, middle dotLmidot \Lmidot .L local =capital L, middle dotlstrok \l l =small l, strokeLstrok \L L =capital L, strokenacute \{n} n =small n, acute accentNacute \{N} N =capital N, acute accenteng \ng fontenc:T1 =small eng, LappENG \NG fontenc:T1 =capital ENG, Lappnapos n\kern-.2em\textsf{} n =small n, apostrophe



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ncaron \v{n} n =small n, caronNcaron \v{N} N =capital N, caronncedil \c{n} n =small n, cedillaNcedil \c{N} N =capital N, cedillaodblac \H{o} o =small o, double acute accentOdblac \H{O} O =capital O, double acute accentOmacr \={O} O =capital O, macronomacr \={o} o =small o, macronoelig \oe =small oe ligatureOElig \OE =capital OE ligatureracute \{r} r =small r, acute accentRacute \{R} R =capital R, acute accentrcaron \v{r} r =small r, caronRcaron \v{R} R =capital R, caronrcedil \c{r} r =small r, cedillaRcedil \c{R} R =capital R, cedillasacute \{s} s =small s, acute accentSacute \{S} S =capital S, acute accentscaron \v{s} s =small s, caronScaron \v{S} S =capital S, caronscedil \c{s} s =small s, cedillaScedil \c{S} S =capital S, cedillascirc \^{s} s =small s, circumflex accentScirc \^{S} S =capital S, circumflex accenttcaron \v{t} t =small t, caronTcaron \v{T} T =capital T, carontcedil \c{t} t =small t, cedillaTcedil \c{T} T =capital T, cedillatstrok \tstrok -t local =small t, strokeTstrok \Tstrok T local =capital T, strokeubreve \u{u} u =small u, breveUbreve \u{U} U =capital U, breveudblac \H{u} u =small u, double acute accentUdblac \H{U} U =capital U, double acute accentumacr \={u} u =small u, macronUmacr \={U} U =capital U, macron



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Diacritical marks (iso-dia) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


uogon \k{u} u fontenc:T1 =small u, ogonekUogon \k{U} U fontenc:T1 =capital U, ogonekuring \r{u} u =small u, ringUring \r{U} U =capital U, ringutilde \~{u} u =small u, tildeUtilde \~{U} U =capital U, tildewcirc \^{w} w =small w, circumflex accentWcirc \^{W} W =capital W, circumflex accentycirc \^{y} y =small y, circumflex accentYcirc \^{Y} Y =capital Y, circumflex accentYuml \"{Y} Y =capital Y, dieresis or umlaut markzacute \{z} z =small z, acute accentZacute \{Z} Z =capital Z, acute accentzcaron \v{z} z =small z, caronZcaron \v{Z} Z =capital Z, caronzdot \.{z} z =small z, dot aboveZdot \.{Z} Z =capital Z, dot above

3.3 Diacritical marks (dia)


acute \{} =acute accentbreve \u{} =brevecaron \v{} =caroncedil \c{} =cedillacirc \^{} =circumflex accentdblac \H{} =double acute accentdie \"{} =dieresisuml \"{} =umlaut markdot \.{} =dot abovegrave \{} ` =grave accentmacr \={} =macronogon \k{} fontenc:T1 =ogonekring \r{} =ringtilde \~{} =tilde


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Russian Cyrillic (iso-cyr1) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents

4 Non-Latin based alphabets

4.1 Russian Cyrillic (cyr1)


acy a a cyracc,amsfonts =small a, CyrillicAcy A A cyracc,amsfonts =capital A, Cyrillicbcy b b cyracc,amsfonts =small be, CyrillicBcy B B cyracc,amsfonts =capital BE, Cyrillicvcy v v cyracc,amsfonts =small ve, CyrillicVcy V V cyracc,amsfonts =capital VE, Cyrillicgcy g g cyracc,amsfonts =small ghe, CyrillicGcy G G cyracc,amsfonts =capital GHE, Cyrillicdcy d d cyracc,amsfonts =small de, CyrillicDcy D D cyracc,amsfonts =capital DE, Cyrilliciecy e e cyracc,amsfonts =small ie, CyrillicIEcy E E cyracc,amsfonts =capital IE, Cyrilliciocy \"{e} e cyracc,amsfonts =small io, RussianIOcy \"{E} E cyracc,amsfonts =capital IO, Russianzhcy zh cyracc,amsfonts =small zhe, CyrillicZHcy Zh cyracc,amsfonts =capital ZHE, Cyrilliczcy z z cyracc,amsfonts =small ze, CyrillicZcy Z Z cyracc,amsfonts =capital ZE, Cyrillicicy i i cyracc,amsfonts =small i, CyrillicIcy I I cyracc,amsfonts =capital I, Cyrillicjcy \u{i} $i cyracc,amsfonts =small short i, CyrillicJcy \u{I} $I cyracc,amsfonts =capital short I, Cyrillickcy k k cyracc,amsfonts =small ka, CyrillicKcy K K cyracc,amsfonts =capital KA, Cyrilliclcy l l cyracc,amsfonts =small el, CyrillicLcy L L cyracc,amsfonts =capital EL, Cyrillicmcy m m cyracc,amsfonts =small em, CyrillicMcy M M cyracc,amsfonts =capital EM, Cyrillicncy n n cyracc,amsfonts =small en, CyrillicNcy N N cyracc,amsfonts =capital EN, Cyrillicocy o o cyracc,amsfonts =small o, CyrillicOcy O O cyracc,amsfonts =capital O, Cyrillic



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Russian Cyrillic (iso-cyr1) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


pcy p p cyracc,amsfonts =small pe, CyrillicPcy P P cyracc,amsfonts =capital PE, Cyrillicrcy r r cyracc,amsfonts =small er, CyrillicRcy R R cyracc,amsfonts =capital ER, Cyrillicscy s s cyracc,amsfonts =small es, CyrillicScy S S cyracc,amsfonts =capital ES, Cyrillictcy t t cyracc,amsfonts =small te, CyrillicTcy T T cyracc,amsfonts =capital TE, Cyrillicucy u u cyracc,amsfonts =small u, CyrillicUcy U U cyracc,amsfonts =capital U, Cyrillicfcy f f cyracc,amsfonts =small ef, CyrillicFcy F F cyracc,amsfonts =capital EF, Cyrillickhcy kh h cyracc,amsfonts =small ha, CyrillicKHcy Kh H cyracc,amsfonts =capital HA, Cyrillictscy ts c cyracc,amsfonts =small tse, CyrillicTScy Ts C cyracc,amsfonts =capital TSE, Cyrillicchcy ch q cyracc,amsfonts =small che, CyrillicCHcy Ch Q cyracc,amsfonts =capital CHE, Cyrillicshcy sh x cyracc,amsfonts =small sha, CyrillicSHcy Sh X cyracc,amsfonts =capital SHA, Cyrillicshchcy shch w cyracc,amsfonts =small shcha, CyrillicSHCHcy Shch W cyracc,amsfonts =capital SHCHA, Cyrillichardcy \cdprime cyracc,amsfonts =small hard sign, CyrillicHARDcy \Cdprime _ cyracc,amsfonts =capital HARD sign, Cyrillicycy y y cyracc,amsfonts =small yeru, CyrillicYcy Y Y cyracc,amsfonts =capital YERU, Cyrillicsoftcy \cprime ~ cyracc,amsfonts =small soft sign, CyrillicSOFTcy \Cprime ^ cyracc,amsfonts =capital SOFT sign, Cyrillicecy \{e} cyracc,amsfonts =small e, CyrillicEcy \{E} cyracc,amsfonts =capital E, Cyrillicyucy yu cyracc,amsfonts =small yu, CyrillicYUcy Yu cyracc,amsfonts =capital YU, Cyrillicyacy ya cyracc,amsfonts =small ya, CyrillicYAcy Ya cyracc,amsfonts =capital YA, Cyrillicnumero N0 } cyracc,amsfonts =numero sign


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Greek letters (iso-grk1) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents

4.2 Non-Russian Cyrillic (cyr2)


djcy dj cyracc,amsfonts =small dje, SerbianDJcy Dj cyracc,amsfonts =capital DJE, Serbiangjcy \g g cyracc,amsfonts =small gje, MacedonianGJcy \G G cyracc,amsfonts =capital GJE Macedonianjukcy \=e cyracc,amsfonts =small je, UkrainianJukcy \=E cyracc,amsfonts =capital JE, Ukrainiandscy \dz cyracc,amsfonts =small dse, MacedonianDScy \Dz cyracc,amsfonts =capital DSE, Macedonianiukcy \=\i cyracc,amsfonts =small i, UkrainianIukcy \=I cyracc,amsfonts =capital I, Ukrainianyicy \"\i cyracc,amsfonts =small yi, UkrainianYIcy \"I cyracc,amsfonts =capital YI, Ukrainianjsercy j j cyracc,amsfonts =small je, SerbianJsercy J J cyracc,amsfonts =capital JE, Serbianljcy lj cyracc,amsfonts =small lje, SerbianLJcy Lj cyracc,amsfonts =capital LJE, Serbiannjcy nj cyracc,amsfonts =small nje, SerbianNJcy Nj cyracc,amsfonts =capital NJE, Serbiantshcy \c cyracc,amsfonts =small tshe, SerbianTSHcy \C cyracc,amsfonts =capital TSHE, Serbiankjcy \k k cyracc,amsfonts =small kje MacedonianKJcy \K K cyracc,amsfonts =capital KJE, Macedonianubrcy \u{u} $u cyracc,amsfonts =small u, ByelorussianUbrcy \u{U} $U cyracc,amsfonts =capital U, Byelorussiandzcy \dzh cyracc,amsfonts =small dze, SerbianDZcy \Dzh cyracc,amsfonts =capital dze, Serbian

4.3 Greek letters (grk1)


agr a a rgr =small alpha, GreekAgr A A =capital Alpha, Greek



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Greek letters (iso-grk1) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


bgr b b rgr =small beta, GreekBgr B B =capital Beta, Greekggr g g rgr =small gamma, GreekGgr G G rgr =capital Gamma, Greekdgr d d rgr =small delta, GreekDgr D D rgr =capital Delta, Greekegr e e rgr =small epsilon, GreekEgr E E =capital Epsilon, Greekzgr z z rgr =small zeta, GreekZgr Z Z =capital Zeta, Greekeegr h h rgr =small eta, GreekEEgr H H =capital Eta, Greekthgr j j rgr =small theta, GreekTHgr J J rgr =capital Theta, Greekigr i i rgr =small iota, GreekIgr I I =capital Iota, Greekkgr k k rgr =small kappa, GreekKgr K K =capital Kappa, Greeklgr l l rgr =small lambda, GreekLgr L L rgr =capital Lambda, Greekmgr m m rgr =small mu, GreekMgr M M =capital Mu, Greekngr n n rgr =small nu, GreekNgr N N =capital Nu, Greekxgr x x rgr =small xi, GreekXgr X X rgr =capital Xi, Greekogr o o =small omicron, GreekOgr O O =capital Omicron, Greekpgr p p rgr =small pi, GreekPgr P P rgr =capital Pi, Greekrgr r r rgr =small rho, GreekRgr P P =capital Rho, Greeksgr s s rgr =small sigma, GreekSgr S S rgr =capital Sigma, Greeksfgr c c rgr =final small sigma, Greektgr t t rgr =small tau, GreekTgr T T =capital Tau, Greek



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Monotoniko Greek (iso-grk2) ISO character entities and their LATEX equivalents


ugr u u rgr =small upsilon, GreekUgr Y Y =capital Upsilon, Greekphgr f f rgr =small phi, GreekPHgr F F rgr =capital Phi, Greekkhgr q q rgr =small chi, GreekKHgr X X =capital Chi, Greekpsgr y y rgr =small psi, GreekPSgr Y Y rgr =capital Psi, Greekohgr w w rgr =small omega, GreekOHgr W W rgr =capital Omega, Greek

4.4 Monotoniko Greek (grk2)


aacgr a rgr =small alpha, accent, GreekAacgr A 'A rgr =capital Alpha, accent, Greekeacgr e $ rgr =small epsilon, accent, GreekEacgr E 'E rgr =capital Epsilon, accent, Greekeeacgr h rgr =small eta, accent, GreekEEacgr H 'H rgr =capital Eta, accent, Greekidigr "i rgr =small iota, dieresis, GreekIdigr "I rgr =capital Iota, dieresis, Greekiacgr i rgr =small iota, accent, GreekIacgr I 'I rgr =capital Iota, accent, Greekidiagr "i rgr =small iota, dieresis, accent, Greekoacgr o C rgr =small omicron, accent, GreekOacgr O 'O rgr =capital Omicron, accent, Greekudigr "u rgr =small upsilon, dieresis, GreekUdigr "U rgr =capital Upsilon, dieresis, Greekuacgr u rgr =small upsilon, accent, GreekUacgr U 'U rgr =capital Upsilon, accent, Greekudiagr "u rgr =small upsilon, dieresis, accent, Greekohacgr w rgr =small omega, accent, GreekOHacgr W 'W rgr =capital Omega, accent, Greek


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5 Notes

5.1 Mapping data (ent.xml)

The table is produced from a data file tagged with XML using XSLscripts. This approach makes it easy to do different queries.

The table compromises equivalent character encodings, positions, anddescriptive texts.

Character sets covered so far are: LATEX, known SGML/XML entity sets(ISO 8879, ISO 9573-13, HTML-4, MathML aliases/long names that areadapted from AMS and Mathematica from Wolfram Research), Unicode,and ISO 8859-1.

Multiply defined entities in ISO 8879: The inodot is defined both in amsoand lat2. The glyphs are different!

5.2 The Description column

The Description column may contain three information fields, e.g:

/nsimeq N: not similar, equals1 2 3

The first field (a name preceded by a slash) is an identifier of a visualdepiction of the character in MathSci, an expansion of mathfile, appendixD, 1/90, published by the American Mathematical Society.

The second field (a single uppercase letter, followed by a colon) indicatesthat the character belongs to a class whos glyphs are given specialtreatment in conventional mathematical typesetting. The classes are:

A relation (arrow)B binary operatorC closing delimiterL large operatorN relation (negate)O opening delimiterP punctuationR relation

5.3 Required LATEX packages and fonts

We have tried to use packages that come with common LATEXdistributions. Unfortunately, not all characters entities defined inISO 8879:1986 are covered by these. To produce these character entities,we have assembled some of the macros written by Taco Hoekwater,thereby avoiding long and nasty LATEX control sequences (marked local).

The comma separated entries in the LATEX requirement column refer tofont packages that provide the character. math indicates that the symbolonly are available in a math environment.

The following font packages are required:

Package Version Count Distr.1 PS-Type12

amssymb 1996-11-03 189 . .amsfonts3 1997-09-17 99 . .amsbsy 1996-10-28 43 . .pifont4 1999-03-29 7 . .color5 1995-12-01 3 . .textcomp 1999-06-12 10 . nofontenc:T1 1994-06-01 19 . nocyracc6 1995-01-04 93 no .wasysym 1997-11-01 4 no .mathrsfs 1996-01-01 4 no .rgr7 1990-05-30 54 no nostmaryrd8 1994-03-03 . no .

All packages and fonts can be found and downloaded from theComprehensive TEX Archive Network http://www.ctan.org/find.html.

Packages used for typesetting/preparing this document: hyperref,graphicx, inputenc, longtable, fancyhdr, geometry, and sectsty.

1Part of the standard LATEX distribution? (This is MikTeX 1.20e.)2Adobe PS-Type1 fonts available? (Needed for pretty PDF output.)3AMSFonts is loaded by AMS symbols.4pifont (ZapfDingbats) is part of the PSNFSS package.5Part of the graphics bundle6cyracc.def is included in the AMSFonts collection (plain TEX).7Modern Greek fonts by Yannis Haralambous.8St Marys Road symbol font is needed for ISO 9573-13 entities.


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http://www.ctan.org/find.htmlhttp://www.bitjungle.com/~isoent/


5.4 Characters unavailable to normal PDF output

These are produced or manipulated separately and inserted as graphics.

Box drawings Not displayed at all in a tabular environment.

T1 font encoding eth, ETH, thorn, THORN (lat1), dstrok, Dstrok, eng,ENG, aogon, Aogon, eogon, Eogon, iogon, Iogon, uogon, Uogon (lat2),ogon (dia), laquo, raquo (num).When loaded, the T1 encoding causes dcaron, lcaron, tcaron (lat2) to bedisplayed with an apostrophe instead of the caron above.Missing PS-Type1 font(s) for T1 encoding causes the document output(PDF) to use Type3 (bitmap) fonts.

rgr package idigr, Idigr, idiagr, udigr, Udigr, udiagr (grk2).The diacritical marks should be above the character. Font bug?

Lowercase script font order (tech) is displayed in italic because we areshort of a font with a small script character o.

5.5 Displaying Cyrillic characters

There are two possibilities for displaying Cyrillic characters:

Use the T2A font encoding part of the standard LATEX Cyrillic bundle.But there are no PS-Type1 fonts available. See cyrguide.dvi.

Or use the cyrillic alphabet (wncyr fonts) made available from theAMSFonts package using plain TEX, by defining a new environment calledcyr:

\input cyracc.def\font\tencyr=wncyr10\def\cyr{\tencyr\cyracc}

For details on using this cyrillic environment, see the AMSFonts UsersGuide (amsfndoc.dvi).

5.6 Latin 1 encoding

LATEX 2 has the capability of processing 8-bit characters. Put thefollowing line in the preamble of your LATEX file:

\usepackage[latin1]{inputenc}

and LATEX will accept the complete ISO 8859-1 (Latin 1) character set.This will make typing LATEX much easier (i.e you dont have to use thecodes shown in section 3).

The Icelandic characters also need the T1 font encoding.

5.7 Numeric and publishing symbols

The standard way of writing fractions in LATEX is $\frac{a}{b}$.However, this does not look good in running text. We have thereforedefined a slashed way of displaying fractions: $\sfrac{a}{b}$ (definedin isoent.sty). So, instead of ab , we prefer a/b. This is also consistentwith the character overview in Developing SGML DTDs by Eve Maler.

LATEX formats the ff, fi, fj, fl, ffi and ffl as ligature characters bydefault. \textcompwordmark is used to separate the characters.

Alternative glyphs for the suit symbols are:

\clubsuit club\diamondsuit diamond\heartsuit heart\spadesuit spades

They all require a math environment.


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6 References

Maler, Eve and Jeanne El Andaloussi. Developing SGML DTDs : fromtext to model to markup. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall, 1996.

Lamport, Leslie. LATEX users guide and reference manual.Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994.

Goossens, Mittelbach and Samarin. The LATEX Companion.Addison-Wesley Publishing Company, 1994.

Wilkins, David R. Getting Started with LATEX.http://www.maths.tcd.ie/~dwilkins/LaTeXprimer/

LATEX2 for authors. LATEX 3 Project Team, 1997, pp. 2022,27.

AMSFonts Users Guidehttp://www.ams.org/tex/

Relevant standards and specifications

ISO 8879:1986 (see Appendix D)Information processing Text and office systems StandardGeneralized Markup Language (SGML)

ISO/IEC 9573-13:1991Information processing SGML support facilities Techniques forusing SGML; Part 13: Public entity sets for mathematics and science

HTML 4.01 (see Chapter 24. Character entity references in HTML 4)http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/

MathML (see Chapter 6. Entities, Characters and Fonts)http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-MathML/

STIX projecthttp://www.ams.org/STIX/

Unicodehttp://www.unicode.org/

Acknowledgements

We would like to thank:

Eli Tofty-Andersen [email protected] and Steve [email protected] for proof-reading and suggestions.

Taco Hoekwater [email protected] for providing us with thesgmlent package.

Sebastian Rahtz [email protected] and Barbara [email protected] has provided us with mapping tables that we have used forproof reading.

Stefan Ulrich [email protected] for informing us about thersfs fonts.


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http://www.maths.tcd.ie/~dwilkins/LaTeXprimer/http://www.ams.org/tex/http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-MathML/http://www.ams.org/STIX/http://www.unicode.org/http://www.bitjungle.com/~isoent/

General and publishing symbolsPublishing (pub)Numeric and special graphic (num)Box and line drawing (box)

Mathematics and sciencesGeneral technical (tech)Greek symbols (grk3)Alternative greek symbols (grk4)Added Math Symbols: Ordinary (amso)Added Math Symbols: Binary operators (amsb)Added Math Symbols: Relations (amsr)Added Math Symbols: Negated relations (amsn)Added Math Symbols: Arrow Relations (amsa)Added Math Symbols: Delimiters (amsc)

Latin based alphabetsAdded Latin 1 (lat1)Added Latin 2 (lat2)Diacritical marks (dia)

Non-Latin based alphabetsRussian Cyrillic (cyr1)Non-Russian Cyrillic (cyr2)Greek letters (grk1)Monotoniko Greek (grk2)

NotesMapping data (ent.xml)The ``Description'' columnRequired LaTeX packages and fontsCharacters unavailable to normal PDF outputDisplaying Cyrillic charactersLatin 1 encodingNumeric and publishing symbols

References

Documents

ISO character entities and their LaTeX equivalents - … · It is also a handy reference to the ISO ... 2.4 Added Math Symbols: Ordinary ... ISO character entities and their LATEX