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Is West Nile Virus becoming World Wide Epidemic?. Stephen Pereira PH.D Candidate Walden University PUBH 6165-1 Environmental Health Dr. Saran Tucker-Wilkins Summer 2013. Stakeholders. City and County Government State Government Federal Government Contractors Medical Personnel Private Firms - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Is West Nile Virus becoming World Wide Epidemic?
Stephen Pereira PH.D CandidateWalden University
PUBH 6165-1 Environmental HealthDr. Saran Tucker-Wilkins
Summer 2013
Stakeholders• City and County
Government• State Government• Federal Government• Contractors• Medical Personnel• Private Firms• Public and Private
Schools• Colleges and Universities
Resource Articles.(2013). Stakeholder Strategy. Retrieved from http://www.modernanalyst.com/Resources/Articles/tabid/115/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/1381/Stakeholder-Strategy-101.aspx
Overview• What is West Nile
Virus? • How is the disease
transmitted?• Are human and
animals at risk to get the disease?
• What are the health disparities that people face from exposure to this disease?
Health New York Times.(2013).Health Guide. Retrieved from http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/west-nile-virus
Word Press.(2012).West Nile Outbreak in the US. Retrieved from http://emedtravel.wordpress.com/2012/08/23/west-nile-virus-outbreak-in-the-us/
History of West Nile Virus• When was it discovered?• Where was it discovered?• When was the first cases
discovered in the United States (US)?
• Where was the first cases discovered in the United States (US)
• Reports on findings?
University of Texas Medical Branch.(2011).Discovering Dengue Drugs Together Project. Retrieved from http://www.utmb.edu/discoveringdenguedrugs-together/Project%20Status.htm
Health NY Times(2013).Health Guide. Retrieved from http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/west-nile-virus
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Transmission Index. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/transmission/index.html
Wikipedia.(2013).West Nile Virus.Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Nile_virus
West Nile Transmission Cycle
• Blood transfusions
• Organ transplants
• Exposure in a laboratory setting
• From mother to baby
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Transmission Index. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/transmission/index.html
Women’s Web MD.com(2013).Slideshow Anemia Overview. Retrieved from http://women.webmd.com/ss/slideshow-anemia-overview
Other routes of exposure from West Nile
West Nile Virus and the Human Body
•
• How dose West Nile Virus effect the blood when a person has been effected?
• How dose West Nile Virus effect the liver when a person has become infected?
Good Health Hub.(2013).Blood Cells. Retrieved from http://goodhealthhub.com/blood-cells/
KATC News.(2010).West Nile Virus Spreads. Retrieved from http://www.katc.com/news/west-nile-virus-spreads/
National Institutes of Health.(2013).The New Genetics Chapter 3.Retrieved fromhttp://publications.nigms.nih.gov/thenewgenetics/chapter3.html
• What happens to 70-80% of victims that are exposed to West Nile Virus?
• What happens to 20-30% of victims that are exposed to West Nile Virus ?
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Symptoms. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/symptoms/index.html
CNN.com.(2012).Health West Nile Virus Articles. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/19/health/west-nile-virus
Organic Liaison.com(2013). Articles Health. Retrieved from http://www.organicliaison.com/articles/Health/why-your-body-needs-vitamin-d
Percentage Levels of Risk of Exposure
• Headache• High fever• Neck stiffness• Stupor• Disorientation• Coma • Tremors• Convulsions• Muscle weakness
paralysis• Permanent neurological
effects
West Nile Prevention.com.(2013).West Nile Symptoms. Retrieved from http://www.west-nile-virus-prevention.com/west-nile-virus-symptoms.html
Symptoms
• Geriatric patients• People with compromised
immune systems• People that suffer from cancer• People that suffer from
diabetes• People that suffer from
hypertension• People that suffer from kidney
disease• People who receive organ
transplants
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2011). West Nile Symptoms. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/symptoms/index.html
Disease and conditions blogspot.com.(2011).as smile to sick person. Retrieved from http://diseaseandconditions.blogspot.com/2011/05/as-smile-to-sick-person.htm
People who are at risk for the most severe cases of West Nile Virus
Symptoms Treatment.org.(2012). West Nile Virus Symptoms in Adults. Retrieved from http://symptomstreatment.org/west-nile-virus-symptoms-in-adults/
West Nile Neuroinvasive Disease (WNND)
Diagnostic Testing• Laboratory tests of
blood samples
• Laboratory tests of
spinal fluid.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/faq/genQuestions.html
Dreamstime.com.(2013). Blood Test Image. Retrieved from http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-image-blood-test-image7943831
Treatment for West Nile Virus• Are there any vaccines or
antiviral treatment available? • Is there any over-the-counter
medicines that are available? • How often are patients
hospitalized from West Nile Virus exposure?
Women’s Web MD.com(2013).Slideshow Anemia Overview. Retrieved from http://women.webmd.com/ss/slideshow-anemia-overview
Protective Measures• Bug spray
• Protective clothing
• Dead birds
• Outdoor home inspection
American Down Under.com.(2011).Japan On Alert After Finding Dead Birds Retrieved from http://www.americandownunder.com /phantom/aann/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=46:japan-on- alert-after-finding-dead-birds&Itemid=58
CA gov.(2013). West Nile Virus Prevention. Retrieved from http://westnile.ca.gov/prevention.htm
Commissary deals.(2012).Off Repellant Coupon.Retrieved from http://commissarydeals.com/off-repellant-coupons/
Fairfax County.(2013). West Nile Virus Eliminate. Retrieved from http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/westnile/wnveliminate.htm
Control Measures• Public health
officials
• Protective measures
• Spraying pesticides
• Alerting the media
CNN.com.(2012).Health West Nile Virus Articles. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/19/health/west-nile-virus
Average annual incidence of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease reported to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by age group,1999-2012
Source: ArboNET, Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2012). West Nile Statistics Maps Cumulative Maps Data Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsMaps/cumMapsData.html
Source: ArboNET, Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Average annual incidence of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease reported to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by age group,1999-2012
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2012). West Nile Statistics Maps Cumulative Maps Data Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsMaps/cumMapsData.html
Source: ArboNET, Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Average annual incidence of West Nile virus neuroinvasive disease reported to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by age group,1999-2012
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2012). West Nile Statistics Maps Cumulative Maps Data Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsMaps/cumMapsData.html
West Nile virus disease cases reported to the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by week of illness onset, 1999-2012
Source: ArboNET, Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
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Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2012). West Nile Statistics Maps Cumulative Maps Data Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsMaps/cumMapsData.html
Center of Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Monitoring of West Nile Virus Activity by State – United States, 2013 (as of July 9, 2013)
Source: ArboNET, Arboviral Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2012).West Nile Statistics Maps Preliminary Maps Data. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsMaps/preliminaryMapsData/activitystatedate.html
Additional Sources for Reading
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Index. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/index.html
• Environmental Protection Agency.(2013).Peticides facts sheets on West Nile Virus. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/westnile.htm
• Food and Drug Adminstration.(2009).New Events Testimony. Retrieved from http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Testimony/ucm115166.htm
• National Institutes of Health.(2013).Medical Plus Encyclopedia Article. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007186.htm
• United States Department of Agriculture.(2013).National Pest Alert West Nile Virus In North America. Retrieved from http://www.csrees.usda.gov/nea/pest/pdfs/west_nile_virus_alert.pdf
Conclusion• West Nile Virus is considered
a world wide epidemic.• Evidence of becoming a world
wide epidemic• The importance of education
and awareness.• Local findings in the state of
Texas• Research and Development • Closing
Global News. CA.(2013).University of British Columbia Scientists Develop West Nile Virus Vaccine for Birds. Retrieved from http://globalnews.ca/news/710862/ubc-scientists-develop-west-nile-virus-vaccine-for-birds/
West Nile.com.(2013). West Nile Virus Texas Researchers. Retrieved from http://www.westnile.com/health/diseases-conditions/west-nile-virus/texas-researchers-finds-possible-west-nile-cure
QuestionsQuestions
Get Free Image.com .(2013).Businessman and Question Mark. Retrieved from http://www.getfreeimage.com/image/57/businessman-and-question-mark
References• Moeller, D.W .(2011). Environmental Health (4thed.).Cambridge, A:• Harvard University Press ISBN: 978-0674047402
• CA gov.(2013). West Nile Virus Prevention. Retrieved from http://westnile.ca.gov/prevention.htm
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Frequently Asked Questions. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/faq/genQuestions.html
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Index. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/index.html
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2012). West Nile Statistics Maps Cumulative Maps Data Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsMaps/cumMapsData.html
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2012).West Nile Statistics Maps Preliminary Maps Data. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/statsMaps/preliminaryMapsData/activitystatedate.html
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Symptoms. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/symptoms/index.html
• Center for Disease Control and Prevention.(2013).West Nile Transmission Index. Retrieved from http://www.cdc.gov/westnile/transmission/index.html
• CNN.com.(2012).Health West Nile Virus Articles. Retrieved from http://www.cnn.com/2012/08/19/health/west-nile-virus
• Disease and conditions blogspot.com.(2011).as smile to sick person. Retrieved from http
://diseaseandconditions.blogspot.com/2011/05/as-smile-to-sick-person.htm
References
References• Dreamstime.com.(2013). Blood Test Image. Retrieved from http://www.dreamstime.com/stock-image-blood-test-image7943831
• Environmental Protection Agency.(2013).Peticides facts sheets on West Nile Virus. Retrieved from http://www.epa.gov/pesticides/factsheets/westnile.htm
• Fairfax County.(2013). West Nile Virus Eliminate. Retrieved from http://www.fairfaxcounty.gov/hd/westnile/wnveliminate.htm
• Food and Drug Adminstration.(2009).New Events Testimony. Retrieved from http://www.fda.gov/NewsEvents/Testimony/ucm115166.htm
• Get Free Image.com .(2013).Businessman and Question Mark. Retrieved from http://www.getfreeimage.com/image/57/businessman-and-question-mark
• Global News. CA.(2013).University of British Columbia Scientists Develop West Nile Virus Vaccine for Birds. Retrieved from http://globalnews.ca/news/710862/ubc-scientists-develop-west-nile-virus-vaccine-for-birds/
• Good Health Hub.(2013).Blood Cells. Retrieved from http://goodhealthhub.com/blood-cells/
• Health New York Times.(2013).Health Guide. Retrieved from http://health.nytimes.com/health/guides/disease/west-nile-virus• KATC News.(2010).West Nile Virus Spreads. Retrieved from http://www.katc.com/news/west-
nile-virus-spreads/
• National Institutes of Health.(2013).Medical Plus Encyclopedia Article. Retrieved from http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/007186.htm
• National Institutes of Health.(2013).The New Genetics Chapter 3.Retrieved fromhttp://publications.nigms.nih.gov/thenewgenetics/chapter3.html
• Organic Liaison.com(2013). Articles Health. Retrieved from http://www.organicliaison.com/articles/Health/why-your-body-needs-vitamin-d/
References• Resource Articles.(2013). Stakeholder Strategy. Retrieved from
http://www.modernanalyst.com/Resources/Articles/tabid/115/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/1381/Stakeholder-Strategy-101.aspx
• United States Department of Agriculture.(2013).National Pest Alert West Nile Virus In North America. Retrieved from http://www.csrees.usda.gov/nea/pest/pdfs/west_nile_virus_alert.pdf
• University of Texas Medical Branch.(2011). Discovering Dengue Drugs Together Project. Retrieved from http://www.utmb.edu/discoveringdenguedrugs-together/Project%20Status.htm West Nile.com.(2013). West Nile Virus Texas Researchers. Retrieved from http://www.westnile.com/health/diseases-conditions/west-nile-virus/texas-researchers-finds-possible-west-nile-cure/
• Wikipedia.(2013).West Nile.Virus.Retrieved from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Nile_virus
• Women’s Web MD.com(2013).Slideshow Anemia Overview. Retrieved from http://women.webmd.com/ss/slideshow-anemia-overview
• /phantom/aann/index.php?option=com_k2&view=item&id=46:japan-on- alert-after-finding-dead-birds&Itemid=58
• Word Press.(2012).West Nile Outbreak in the US. Retrieved from http://emedtravel.wordpress.com/2012/08/23/west-nile-virus-outbreak-in-the-us