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Whereas the Parliament of India has set out to provide a practical regime of right to information for citizens to secure access to information under the control of public authorities, in order to promote transparency and accountability in the working of every public authority, and whereas the attached publication of the Bureau of Indian Standards is of particular interest to the public, particularly disadvantaged communities and those engaged in the pursuit of education and knowledge, the attached public safety standard is made available to promote the timely dissemination of this information in an accurate manner to the public.

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है”ह”ह

IS 15758-5 (2007): Textiles - Protective clothing, Part 5:Assessment of resistance of materials to molten metalsplash [TXD 32: Textiles Protective Clothing]

IS 15758 (Part 5) :2007ISO 9185:1990

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Indian Standard

TEXTILES — PROTECTIVE CLOTHINGPART 5 ASSESSMENT OF RESISTANCE OF MATERIALS TO MOLTEN METAL

SPLASH

Ics 13,340,10

August 2007

@ BIS 2007

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

Price Group 5

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Chemical Methods of Test Sectional Committee, TX 05

NATIONAL FOREWORD

This Indian Standard (Part 5) which is identical with ISO 9185 : 1990 ‘Protective clothing —Assessment of resistance of materials to molten metal splash’ issued by the InternationalOrganization for Standardization (ISO) was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards on therecommendation of the Chemical Methods of Test Sectional Committee and approval of the TextileDivision Council.

The conditioning temperature of 20 ~ 2°C as specified in International Standard is not suitable fortropical countries like India where the atmospheric temperature is normally much higher than 20°C. Itis almost impossible to maintain this temperature specially during summer when the atmospherictemperature rises even up to 50°C. In view of the above, IS 6359: 1971 ‘Method for conditioning oftextiles’ specifies a temperature of 27 ~ 2°C for conditioning of the test specimens for the tropicalcountries like India, This standard is being followed in testing of textiles and other products sincedecades.

The text of ISO Standard has been approved as suitable for publication as an Indian Standard withoutdeviations. Certain conventions are, however, not identical to those used in Indian Standards.Attention is particularly drawn to the following:

a) Wherever the words ‘International Standard’ or ‘European Standard’ appear referring tothis standard, they should be read as ‘Indian Standard’.

b) Comma (,) has been used as a decimal marker, while in Indian Standards, the currentpractice is to use a point (.) as the decimal marker.

In reporting the results of a test or analysis made in accordance with this standard, if the final value,observed or calculated, is to be rounded off, it shall be done in accordance with IS 2: 1960 ‘Rules forrounding off numerical values (revised)’,

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kIS 15758 (Part 5):2007ISO 9189:1990

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Indian Standard

TEXTILES — PROTECTIVE CLOTHINGPART 5 ASSESSMENT OF RESISTANCE OF MATERIALS TO MOLTEN METAL

SPLASH

1 Scope

This International Standard describes a method forassessing the resistance of materials used in pro-tective clothing to molten metal splash. It is impor-tant to note that good resistance of a material to apure molten metal does not guarantee a good per-formance against slag.

2 Definitions

For the purposes of this International Standard, thefollowing definitions apply.

2.1 pour height The vertical distance from the axisof rotation of the pouring ring to the centre of the pinframe.

2.2 molten metal splash index: A figure equal to theminimum mass of molten metal poured which justcauses damage of the skin simulant.

2,3 damage: Any smoothing, modification of theembossing or pin-holing on the surface of the skinsimulant extending in total for at least 5 mm acrossits width. Where the damage is in discrete spots, thewidths of each spot are added across any horizontalsection.

3 Principie

Materials are tested by pouring small quantities ofmolten metal on to the test specimen supported atan angle to the horizontal on a small pin frame.Damage is assessed by placing a PVC skin simulantdirectly behind the test specimen and noting dam-age to the skin simulant afler pouring. Any adher-ence of the metal to the test specimen surface isalso noted. Depending on the result, the test is re-peated using a greater or smaller mass of metal,

until the minimum quantity to cause damage to theskin simulant is observed.

4 Apparatus

4,1 Commercial grade metal, appropriate to theend use.

NOTE 1 It is recommended that coarse tilings or smallpieces cut from solid bar or sheet should be used, as finefilings have been found difficult to melt. A range of pour-ing temperatures appropriate to different metals is givenin annex A.

4.2 PVC skin simulant, comprising an embossedPvc sheet, of mass per unit area230 g/mz ~ 10 g/m2 which, when tested as de-scribed in annex B, shows no smoothing or modifi-cation of the embossing of the central area at ablock temperature of 166 “C * 2 ‘C, but showssmoothing or modification of the central area at ablock temperature of 183 “C ~ 2 ‘C.

4,3 Cruciblef), the approximate external dimen-sions being height 97 mm, top diameter 80 mm,bottom diameter 56 mm, and capacity (brim full)190 ml.

4.4 Detachable crucible holder, to enable thecrucible containing the molten metal to be quicklyand safely removed from the furnace to the test ap-paratus.

4.5 Furnace, capable of operating at a temperature100 “C above the pouring temperature specified inannex A. The furnace type rriay be either a mufflefurnace or an induction type furnace.

NOTE 2 Muffle furnaces are capable of holding at leastfour crucibles, i.e. internal furnace size is approximately135 mm x 190 mm x 780 mm, but take several hours tomelt metals such as steel, iron and copper. Induction fur-

1) For most molten metals, a graphite impregnated material (if an induction furnace is used) or a ceramic material (if amuffle furnace is used) has been found suitable for the crucible.

1

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IS 15758 (Part 5):2007ISO 9185:1990

naces melt a single crucible of these metals in less than30 min.

4.6 Temperature probe, either a smallthermocouple or an optical non-contact temperaturedevice, capable of measuring molten metal temper-atures up to 1650 ‘C.

Oirection of tip

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4.7 Pouring apparatus, pin frame and tray, shownin figure 1, consisting of a pouring device supportedon adjustable legs, a specimen holder and a sandtray.

The sand tray shall have minimum dimensions ofapproximately 250 mm wide x 350 mm long x50 mm deep and shall be filled with dry sand to adepth of 30 mm to 40 mm.

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IS 15758 (Part 5):2007ISO 9185:1990

Dimensions In mlllimetres

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Flgure 2 – Pouring device

The pouring device, consisting of crucible holderand drive shaft, shall be constructed in steel (seedesign in figure 2).

The pouring apparatus shown in figure 1 is fitted withan electric motor, An alternative version is shown infigure 3 with a circuit diagram for the motor driveshown in figure 4.

A metal bar is attached to the pouring device toserve as a stop to prevent the crucible rotating be-fore the molten metal is poured.

The drive shaft shall be firmly supported and be ad-justable in height so that the specified pour height(see annex A) can be achieved.

The specimen holder shall consist of a rectangularpin frame, 160 mm + 5 mm wide x 248 mm + 2 mmdeep made from 8 mm square steel. It shall havefour tenter pins, two on the top edge and two on thebottom edge, spaced 80 mm * 2 mm apart and40 mm * 2 mm from the respective corners. The pinframe shall be supported on a suitable frame whichenables the angle of the specimen to the horizontal

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IS 15758 (Part 5):2007ISO 9185:1990

4.8 Balance, capable of weighing to an accuracyof 1,0 g.

4.9 Template, in the form of a rigid rectangle260 mm * 2 mm x 100 mm * 2 mm with adjacentedges, their centres forming the corners of a rec-tangle 240 mm ~ 2 mm x 80 mm ~ 2 mm.

5 Conditioning and testing atmospheres

An atmosphere having a temperature of 15 “C to25 “C and relative humidity 55 O/. to 65 O/. shall beused for the conditioning of specimens. For testing,an atmosphere substantially free from draughts andhaving a temperature of 15 “C to 30 “C and a rela-tive humidity of 20 O/. to 65 O/. shall be used.

6 Preparation and conditioning of test

specimens

Lay out the laboratory sample without tension butfree from wrinkles and creases on a flat, smoothsurface. Initially, mark and cut seven test specimensusing the template with the longer length in the ma-chine direction (except where this does not apply,e.g. leather, when the direction of cutting is unim-portant). Using the template, mark the position forthe pins (of the pin frame) on the material by spots2 mm in diameter at the centres of the holes for thepins. Cut a similar number of pieces of skin simulantand mark the position of the pins in an identicalmanner.

Subject the test specimen to the atmosphere forconditioning for 24 h. If the test is not carried outimmediately after conditioning, place the test speci-men in a sealed container until the start of the test.Begin testing each test specimen within 3 min ofremoving it from either the conditioning atmosphereor the container.

NOTE 3 The assessment uses an iterative procedureand therefore the exact number of test specimens neededcannot be stated. Seven test specimens are usually suffi-cient to give a result. If there is previous experience of thematerial or if a material is being assessed for compliancewith a specification, fewer test specimens will be needed.

7 Operator safety

Suitable protective ciothing and equipment shail beworn by the operator when using the high temper-ature furnace and the test apparatus, in order toprotect against the hazard of accidental spiashesfrom molten metal.

WARNING – In addition to the hazard of moltenmetal splashes,certain metals (e.g. sodium) ignitespontaneouslywhenheatedIn air and producetoxicfumes when so heated.Additionalsafetymeasures

will thereforebe necessarywhen testingthe resist.ante of materialsto these metals.

8 Procedure

8.1 Setting Up the apparatus

Adjust the position of the crucible holder (4.4) to givethe specified pour height, and the angle of the pinframe (4.7) to give the required specimen angle tothe horizontal (see annex A).

8.2 Preparation of molten metal

Place approximately 50 g (weighed to the nearestgram) of metal (or multiple of 50 g if it is known thatthe material under test will withstand a higheramount), either coarse ground or cut from bar orsheet, into the dry crucible (4.3) and melt it to atemperature slightly above that at which it will re-main molten throughout the test (see annex A).

8.3 Attachment of test material to pin frame

Attach a piece of PVC skin simulant (4.2) to the pinframe by pushing the pins through the marked pos-itions with the embossed side uppermost. Position-the test specimen over the PVC skin simulant andattach it to the pin frame in an identical manner.Ensure that the test specimen is in intimate contactwith the PVC skin simulant, free from creases andwith the face of the material designed to be on theoutside of a garment exposed to the molten metal.

8.4 Pouring of molten metal

Carefully transfer the crucible, using the detachablecrucible hoider, to the pouring ring (4.7). Ailow themolten metal to cool to the pouring temperature(see annex A) and then operate the pouring deviceso that the crucible turns through at least 130 “ fromthe horizontal at a constant rate of 37° ~ 2,5° persecond. This rate is equivalent to a rotation of 90” in2,5 S + 0,2 S.

Pour the metal over the edge of the crucible and notvia the pouring lip and ensure that an undamagededge surface is used.

8.5 Examination

8.5,1 30 s after the completion of pouring, removethe test specimen and examine the skin simulant forany sign of damage as defined indamage.

8.5,2 Note and record whetherhas solidified and adhered to thespecimen.

2.3. Note any such

any molten metaisurface of the test

6

8.6 Determination of mass of mefai poured

Allow any metal remaining in the crucible to solidifysufficiently for it to be scraped out. Weigh this resi-due to the nearest gram and subtract it from the in-itial mass of metal melted. Record this as “metalpoured”.

9 Iterative testing

9.1 If there is no damage to the skin simulant, re-peat the test procedure using new test specimensof material and skin simulant and using a quantityof metal in the crucik+!e 50 g more than used in theprevious test. If the capacity of the crucible isreached the test is not sufficiently severe to obtainskin damage. When damage is observed proceed to9.2.

9.2 Repeat the test procedure using a quantity ofmetal in the crucible 10 g less than used in the pre-vious test. If damage to the skin simulant is ob-sewed repeat from 9.2. When no damage to the skinsimulant is observed proceed to 9.3.

9.3 t?epeat the test procedure using the samequantity of metal in the crucible used in the previoustest. If damage to the skin simulant is observed re-peat from 9.2. If no damage to the skin simulant isobserved repeat from 9.3 until four successive testsshow no damage to the skin simulant.

9.4 Note the highest value of the mass of metalPoured in these four tests and the lowest mass ofmetal poured that caused damage.

9.5 Record the mean of these two values tonearest gram as the molten metal splash index.

the

iS 15758 (Part 5) :2007iSO 9185:1990

10 Void tests

Declare any test vQid and repeat the test using thatmass of metal if any of the following occurs:

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

9

the rotation of the crucible is noticeably discon-tinuous and is not carried out in the prescribedtime;

the impact of the pour wanders horizontallyacross the test specimen;

the metal runs off the side of the test specimenor strikes within 25 mm of the top edge;

any of the molten metal does not first hit the testspecimen;

the metal is not completely molten when poured;

the PVC skin simulant ignites.

44 Test report

The test report shail include the following:

a)

b)

c)

d)

e)

a reference to this International Standard;

for each individual test specimen, the approxi-mate mass of metal used (see 8.2), whether anymolten metal adhered to the materiai, the result

of the assessment of the skin simulant and themass of metal poured;

the molten metal spiash index calculated asspecified in clause 9;

the metal used, pouring temperature, specimenangle to the horizontal and pouring height;

any deviations from the test procedure likely tohave had an influence on the test result.

7

I

IS 15758 (Patt 5):2007ISO 9185:1990

Annex A(normative)

Pouting temperatures which have been found

As this International Standard is solely a method oftest it does not specify performance levels for ma-terials but it does enable comparisons to be madebetween materials in terms of the protection pro-vided against specific molten metals. The conditionsrecommended in table A.1 have been found appro-

priate for the metals given. The specimen angleshown for aluminium reflects the need to increasethe sensitivity of the test for this metal in order tobe able to compare materials more readily anddemonstrates the flexibility of the basic method inthat it enables a wide range of metals to be as-sessed,

Temperatures to which metals are heated beforepouring are slightly higher than pouring temper-atures to allow for cooling during transfer from fur-

Table A.1 – Pouring temperature, pouring

appropriate for certain metals

nace to pouring apparatus. For metais poured athigher temperatures the rate of cooiing is greaterthan when poured at lower temperatures, andtherefore the metai has to be heated to a highertemperature to accommodate transference fromfurnace to crucibie hoider. The critical temperatureis the pouring temperature which can be estimatedby use of predrawn temperature/time curves (cool-ing curves). The foliowing “temperature abovepouring temperature” were found to be practical forthe following metais using an induction furnace andenable the pouring temperatures specified intable A,l to be achieved:

Aluminium 820 “CCopper 1350 “cIron 1500 “cMild steel 1650 “c

heightand specimenangieto the horizontal

Pouring temperature Pouring height Specimen angle tothe horizontal

Metal

“c mm degrees

Wminium Complying with desig- 780 ~ 20 300+ 5 45*1nation Al 99.5 as specifiedin lSO/R 209:1971 (E)99,5 Y.

:opper 99 ?40 1280 & 20 225 ~ 5 75fl

ron Complying with lSO/R 1400 + 20 225* 5 75*1185:1961(E) containingthe following:

C 2,8 % to 3,2 %,

Si 1,2 % to 2,0 ?40,

P 0,3 % to 0,6 ~0

Mild steel Complying with desig- 1550 + 20 225f 5 75*1nation C25 as specified inlSO/R 683-1:1968 (E)

I

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8

IS 15758 (Part %):2007ISO 9185:1990

Annex B(ncwmative)

Method of test for assessment of thermal characteristics of PVC skin simulant

6.1 Principle

An aluminium block is heated to a specified tem-

perature and placed on the skin simulant. The blockis removed after a specified time and the embossingon the skin simulant examined for signs of smooth-ing.

B.2 Apparatus

B.2. ! Cylindrical alum{nium biock, 75 mm f 2 mmin diameter, 70 mm Y 2 mm in height, mass880 g + 50 g. One of the ends of the block shall be

machined flat and the edge radiused. Athermocouple for measuring its temperature shall

be inserted into a hole drilled close to and parallelto the machined face.

B,2,2 Steel plate,not less than 100 mm in diameterand not less than 10 mm thick. One surface of theplate shall be machined flat.

8.2.3 Oven, capable of heating the aluminium blockto 185 “C.

6,2.4 Stop watch,

E.3 Procedure

Cut two circular test specimens (see clause 6) not

Place a test specimen with the embossed face up-permost on the steel plate.

Heat the aluminium block (B.2.1) to a temperatureof 166 “C* 2 ‘c.

Remove the aluminium block from the oven (0.2.3)and place it on the test specimen with the machinedsurface in contact with the embossing. Start the stopwatch (6.2.4).

Remove the block after 5 s. Examine the surface ofthe test specimen in the cerdre of the area previ-ously covered by the block for signs of smoothingor modification.

Repeat the procedure with the other test specimenusing a block temperature of 183 “C ~ 2 ‘C.

NOTE 4 It is essential that the machined surface of theblock is clean before the start of each test.

6.4 Test report

Report whether or not any smoothing or modifica-tion of the embossing has occurred in the centralarea at either of the two block temperatures.

less than 100 mm in diameter from the PVC’skinsimulant (4.2). Position the steel plate (B.2.2) with itsmachined face uppermost.

IllIi!II

Bureau of Indian Standards

BIS is a statutory institution established under the Bureau of /nd~an Standards Act, 1986 to promoteharmonious development of the activities of standardization, marking and quality certification of goodsand attending to connected matters in the country.

Copyright

BIS has the copyright of all its publications. No part of these publications may be reproduced in anyform without the prior permission in writing of BIS. This does not preclude the free use, in course ofimplementing the standard, of necessary details, such as symbols and sizes, type or gradedesignations, Enquiries relating to copyright be addressed to the Director (Publications), BIS.

Review of Indian Standards

Amendments are issued to standards as the need arises on the basis of comments. Standards arealso reviewed periodically; a standard along with amendments is reaffirmed when such reviewindicates that no changes are needed; if the review indicates that changes are needed, it is taken upfor revision. Users of Indian Standards should ascertain that they are in possession of the latestamendments or edition by referring to the latest issue of ‘BIS Catalogue’ and ‘Standards: MonthlyAdditions’.

This Indian Standard has been developed from Dot: No. TX 05 (0767).

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amendment No. Date of Issue “ Text Affected

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