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है”ह”ह

IS 14880 (2000): Commercial Road Vehicles - DrawbarCouplings and Eyes for Rigid Drawbars - Strength Tests [TED22: Transport Tractors and Trailers]

IS 14880:2000

Indian Standard-. —

COMMERCIAL ROAD VEHICLES — DRAWBARCOUPLINGS AND EYES FOR RIGID DRAWBARS —

STRENGTH TESTS

Ics 43.040.70

0 BIS 2000

BUREAU OF INDIAN STANDARDSMANAK BHAVAN, 9 BAHADUR SHAH ZAFAR MARG

NEW DELHI 110002

Ck[ober 2000 Price Group 2

Transport Tractors and Trailers Sectional Committee, TED 22

FOREWORD

This Indian Standard was adopted by the Bureau of Indian Standards, after the draft finalized by the TransportTractors and Trailers Sectional Committee had been approved by the Transport Engineering Division Council.

[n order to achieve harmony with the international practices this Indian Standard is based on 1S0 12357:1999‘Commercial road vehicles — Drawbar couplings and eyes for rigid drawbars — Strength tests’ published byInternational Organization for Standardization (1S0).

For the purpose of deciding whether a particular requirement of this standard is complied with, the final value,observed or calculated, expressing the result of a test or analysis, shall be rounded off in accordance withIS 2:1960 ‘Rules for rounding off numerical values (revised)’. The number of significant placed retained in therounded off value should be the same as that of the specified value in this standard.

--

IS 14880:2000

Indian Standard

COMMERCIAL ROAD VEHICLES — DRAWBARCOUPLINGS AND EYES FOR RIGID DRAWBARS —

STRENGTH TESTS

1 SCOPE

This standard specifies the test conditions and strengthrequirements to be met by drawbar couplings and thecorresponding drawbar eyes for rigid drawbars, whichare provided for use with centre-axle trailers with amaximum towing mass C exceeding 3.5 tonnes.

2 TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Foi ‘he purposes of this standard, the followingdehnitions shall apply.

2.1 ‘Y Value — Mass imposed vertically on thecoupling under static conditions by the centre-axletrailer loaded to its may .num design total mass.

2.2 Centre-Axle Trailer — Towed vehicle equippedwith a towing device which cannot move vertically(in relation to the trailer), and in which the axle(s)is (are) positioned close to the centre of gravity of thevehicle (when uniformly loaded) such that only a smallstatic vertical load, not exceeding 10 percent of theload corresponding to the maximum design total massof the trailer or load of 10 kN (whichever is thesmaller), is transmitted to the drawing vehicle.

3 GENERAL TEST REQUIREMENTS

3.1 The test shall be carried out with drawbar couplingsand drawbar eyes having corresponding functionaldimensions.

3.2 The strength tests described in this standard arestatic and dynamic tests to be performed on a test bed.

3.3 The fixing arrangements for the drawbar couplingand the drawbar eye on the test bed shall be thesame as for its attachment to the vehicle, and shallbe in accordance with the manufacturer’s fittinginstructions.

3.4 Drawbar couplings and drawbar eyes can be testedseparately or together.

3.5 Preferably, couplings should be tested in theoriginal condition as designed for road use. At thediscretion of the manufacturer and in agreement withthe test laboratory, flexible components may beneutralized if this is necessary for the test procedureand if there is no concern about unrealistic influenceon the test result.

3.6 Flexible components which appear to beoverstressed due to this accelerated test procedure may

be replaced during the dynamic test.

3.7 The test loads may be applied by means of specialslack-free devices.

4 DETERMINATION OF ‘De’ AND ‘V’ VALUES

4.1 The ‘De’ value is a comparative value determinedby calculation of the longitudinal forces occurringbetween the towing vehicle and the trailer. It isexpressed in kilonewtons, and calculated from thefollowing equation:

T.CD, = g—

T+-C

where

T is the maximum design total mass, in tonnes,of the towing vehicle, including ‘S’(see 2.1),to which the drawbar coupling is to beattached;

C is the mass, in tonnes, transmitted to theground by the axle or axles of the centre-axletrailer loaded to its maximum design totalmass; and

g is the acceleration due to gravity:

g = 9.81 In/S2

4.2 The ‘V’ value is a comparative value determinedby calculation of the vertical forces occurring betweenthe towing vehicle and the trailer. It is expressed inkilonewtons, and calculated from the followingequation:

V=a. &.CL2

a is an equivalent vertical acceleration in thecoupling point, depending on the type ofsuspension on the rear axle(s) of the towingvehicle, including a constant factor:

a = 1.8 mhz of vehicles with air suspension(or systems with equivalent dampingcharacteristics),

a = 2.4 rn/s2 for vehicles with other types ofsuspension systems;

C is the mass, in tonnes, transmitted to theground by the axle or axles of the centre-axle

-. .. .

1

1S 14880:2000

trailer loaded to its maximum design totalmass;

x is the length, in metres, of the loading areaof thetrailer (see Fig. l); and

L is the theoretical drawbar length, inmetres,that is, the distance between the centre of thedrawbar eye and the centre of the axleassembly, (see Fig. 1):

2:21~2

iFthis is less than 1, the value 1 shall be used.

5 DYNAMIC TEST

5.1 The dynamic test loads given in Table 1, simulatingpractical loads under driving conditions, shall beapplied to the coupling point.

5.2 The dynamic test force is the geometrical sum ofthe vertical and horizontal component as specified inTable 1. This can be achieved by the test bedconfiguration shown in Fig. 2. The vertical and thehorizontal components shall have a sinusoidal shape

(see Fig. 3) and shall be applied asynchronously, wherethe difference between the;r frequencies shall be

. ..

/

1.

FIG, 1 DIMENSIONSOFCENTRE-AXLETRAILER

T/

1’~RTICAL TEST LOAD

FIG. 2 EXAMPLEOFTESTBED CONFIGURATION

2

Table 1 Dynamic Test Loads

(Cfause 5)

Test Load Mean Value AmplitudekN kN

Horizontal load, Fh ~ o +0.6DC

Vertical load, Fv, g. s/l 000 & 0.6V

where

Dc is determined according to 5.1;

v is determined according to 5.2; and

s is defined in 3.1.

between 1 percent and 3 percent, so that resulting testforces in all directions are created.

5.3 For steel materials, the dynamic test shall becarried out for 2 x 10bcycles. For other materials, the

F, kN

IS 14880:2000

number of cycles should be agreed between themanufacturer and the test laboratory.

5.4 The selected frequency shall not exceed 25 Hz,and shall not coincide with the natural frequency ofthe system.

6 STATIC TEST

With drawbar couplings it is also necessary to test theclosure and any locking devices by means of a staticforce 0.25DCacting in the direction of opening.

7 STRENGTH CRITERIA-.—

The dynamic tests shall not cause permanentdeformation fractures or cracks. The static test shallnot cause the closure to open and it shall not causeany damage.

+006DC

-006DC

( -t, s

a) HORIZONTAL LOAD

F,k N

g.s—+0.6v1000

g.sI000

1%-0+6V

b) VERTICAL LOAD

FIG. 3 DYNAMICTEST LOAD

3

13urcau of Indian Standards

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attending to connected matters in the country.

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Review of Indian Standards.-—

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This Indian Standard has been developed from Dot: No. TED 22 (138),

Amendments Issued Since Publication

Amend No. Date of Issue Text Affected

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{3378499,3378561

3378626, 33791 20

{

6J 3843602025

{2350216,2350442235 15 19.23523 15

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Printed at Simco Printing Press, Delhi

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