IRSP in

2013

Message of the Executive DirectorAfter 12 years of extensive experience in the field of water, sanitation and hygiene, IRSP

knows how crucial and important the sector is. As IRSP work demonstrates, poor municipal

services can badly damage the health of poor communities living in the rural and remote

areas of Pakistan.

Every success buys a ticket to a more difficult journey. Looking back to the previous years

makes me a proud man. The outreach, staff capacities and donors trust clearly indicates that

IRSP is moving in the right direction.

The hardships of emergencies have given birth to a new breed of experts. The youth has

matured enough to sustain pressure during work-load and support the senior management.

The mix of youth and experience is the driving force in IRSP.

Reflecting on the year of 2012, I am very proud and humbled by IRSP’s accomplishments. Our

team, working hand in hand with the communities that we serve has overcome barriers and

obstacles to achieve the targets set by the funding agencies.

We are continuously striving to improve the lives of the disadvantaged communities by

variety of interventions ranging from emergency response to infrastructure development

and advocacy. In collaboration with our partners, IRSP has been implementing integrated

development projects across the province, which empowers and supports poor and rural

communities to be the authors of their own development. It has been a privilege to see

communities utilizing and building their strengths to take greater control

of their lives.

Together we will continue to make a difference to our communities,

staff, volunteers, community leaders, and members. I would like to

extend my deepest appreciation to the IRSP team for their commitment

to their work. They are the driving force of IRSP’s efforts to overcome

challenges to effectively implement our projects in difficult terrains

and circumstances and to achieve the targets.

As we look forward to serve the disadvantaged communities,

it is your support that makes IRSP’s work possible.

Syed Shah Nasir Khisro

Executive Director

Promoting Civil Society Participation in Water & Sanitation Governance in PakistanFunded by: EU

“Promoting Civil Society Participation in Water & Sanitation

Governance in Pakistan” was a 3 year project funded by European

Union and was implemented by IRSP and WaterAid in Mardan

district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The project aimed to contribute

towards poverty reduction in Pakistan through achievement of

water and sanitation Millennium Development Goals (MDGs). All

the planned activities were successfully implemented and has

addressed the problems of water & sanitation governance using

rights based approaches. Though external factors of insecurity,

political processes and working with rigid Pakhtun culture slowed

down the pace of work at certain times, however all activities

remained on track, stakeholders were involved, services were

delivered and desired results were achieved.

Progress has been made towards specific objectives of building civil

society capacity to promote democratic governance, citizen-led

reforms and institutional strengthening in the water, sanitation and

hygiene (WASH) sector. The District WASH Forum was notified by

the district government where different stakeholders discuss WASH

issues at district level and decisions are made and implemented

to improve WASH governance. The network of 15 Civil Society

Organizations (CSOs) was also established and the capacity of their

staff members was built on different skills gaps which enabled them

to improve the program and finance sections. As a result, 8 CSOs are

now implementing WASH project in different parts of the province.

These CSOs are also engaged with service providers to improve

services delivery.

The project has enhanced the capacity of 132 government officials

on low cost sanitation models, Community Led Total Sanitation

(CLTS), Component Sharing Model (CSM), water quality, social

infrastructure mapping, pro-poor project planning, monitoring,

water and sanitation (WATSAN) mapping and modern tools of water

and sanitation infrastructure mapping i.e. Water Point Mapper

(WPM). Other areas include Geographic Information System

(GIS), AutoCAD and use of Global Positioning System (GPS). As a

result, two water quality analysis labs are now functional in Tehsil

Municipal Administration (TMA) and Public Health Engineering

Department (PHED) Mardan offices and WPM exercise is completed

in Tehsil Takht Bhai. The establishment of Water Quality Lab

has enabled TMA and PHED to monitor their water sources for

water quality and maintaining the record. The TMA and PHED

are facilitated with Water Point Mapper and fully dated for future

planning and presentation to their executives.

The construction of hand pumps, rehabilitating government

water supply schemes, and water quality monitoring and source

disinfection has enabled 62,921 people to have access to clean

drinking water. The sanitation intervention has enabled 24,430

people to gain access with hygienic toilet facility by triggering

CLTS approach and constructing demo latrines for poorest of the

poor. The construction and rehabilitation of 36 school latrines

enabled 10,424 children to have access to toilet facility. To

sustain the intervention and involve the community in planning,

implementation and evaluation process; 60 WATSAN Committees,

60 School Hygiene Clubs, 310 Hygiene promoters and 30 women

groups were formed and trained. As a result the WATSAN facilities

are still functional and 1,534 hygiene sessions were conducted

by these groups sensitizing 67,450 people of the targeted

communities. IRSP staff also conducted 339 hygiene sessions at

school and community level with 13,662 individuals.

Promoting Civil Society Participation in Water & Sanitation Governance in Pakistan

The advocacy and institutional strengthening efforts were

supported by carrying out different research studies and budget

analysis in WASH sector. This was further strengthened by Journalist

Fellowship and different trainings on Equity & Inclusion, follow-

up meetings at provincial level on South Asian Conference on

Sanitation (SACOSAN), conducting annual town hall meetings

and press conferences. As a result, district and provincial level

stakeholders were sensitized, WASH issues got coverage in different

newspapers, community and service providers discussed the water

supply issues and funds were allocated to improve the services.

Information, Education and Communication (IEC) material,

newsletters, note-pads, pen, folder, T-shirts and caps were

distributed ensuring the visibility of European Union.

All the project activities were carried out successfully achieving

the desired results. However due to external factors, rolling out of

National WASH policies, implementation of Component Sharing

Model and working in Refugee Camps was not achieved for which

these fund were allocated to additional activities after approval from

the European Commission (EC).

Impact of the Project:The project has been completed within its stipulated time and all

acitvities were implmented in its true spirit; thus has ahicved its

desired results. The assement of the result can be ellaborarted as

follow:

CSOs alliance:

Formation of CSOs network has created a platform for CSOs at

district level to synergise their efforts and jointly advocate on WASH

issues. The project interventions have influenced CSOs positively

as 8 CSOs have successfully started projects on WASH by seeking

independent funds. IRSP has also been selected to host Freshwater

Action Network South Asia (FANSA) Secretariat in Pakistan, which

will further help in promoting the CSOs role as a sector watch

dog. Achieving one of the Log frame indicator, IRSP officials

imparted trainings to different national and international NGOs on

CLTS, Water quality testing and monitoring, advocacy and social

accountability.

Change in government attitude:

Government support was central to success of the project

implementation. Usually, government prefer not to work with

CSOs, however, under the project special attention was given

on collaboration building with line departments. Commissioner

Mardan was invited in the project launching ceremony as a chief

guest who was convinced about the project deliverables and

outcomes. Government has recognised that involvement of key

stakeholders in WASH projects is most important for the successful

implementation of WASH interventions. The local government

has demonstrated this by notifying the District WASH Forum and

nominating EDO Finance as Coordinator. TMAs and PHED staff

also participated in the joint monitoring of project interventions.

IRSP has established strong linkages with local administration and

relevant line departments. IRSP has performed an active role as

member of provincial government’s Policy Working Group as well as

the co-opted member in drafting the provincial drinking water and

sanitation strategies.

Government Capacity in WASH:

Capacity of TMAs and PHED staff was built through trainings

and exposure visits. They were trained on pro poor planning and

implementation, financial management, modern techniques water

and sanitation mapping. They were also oriented on low cost

sanitation options and CSM in 2 exposure visits to LPP and OPP. TMA

level steering committee was formed to monitor project activities

on 6 monthly basis. They also provided technical support in hard

activities.

Establishment of water quality testing labs:

TMAs and PHED had received Del Agua Kit from Provincial

Government but these equipment were not in use due to non-

availability of technical staff. IRSP provided technical support to

the departments and made the laboratories functional at TMA and

PHED offices Mardan. Necessary consumable and equipment were

provided to TMA Mardan for water quality lab including furniture,

equipment and chemicals.

More aware and empowered Communities:

WA and IRSP’s interventions successfully supported people in 30

communities through organising WATSAN committees, women

groups, hygiene promoters, and school hygiene clubs. These people

received formal trainings under the project which has built their

capacity on WASH issues and right to participate in WASH related

decision. As a result of conducting triggering and mobilization

in the local communities about safe sanitation, 524 latrines have

been constructed in the project area. One result of project efforts

has been that communities’ awareness about safe water, improved

sanitation and hygiene conditions has increased. Comparing Pre-

KAP and Post-KAP surveys, it was observed that hand washing with

soap among community members increased from 35% to 65% of

surveyed people who reported hand washing. The school students

know the hand washing steps.

Access to improved WASH services:

The project has ensured access of the targeted beneficiaries to

improved WASH services. This was made possible by constructing

37 new boreholes, rehabilitating 12 water supply schemes of

government, constructing 250 household demo latrines, 3

communal and 36 school latrines. The contaminated 281 sources

were also chlorinated ensuring provision of clean drinking water.

These WASH interventions benefited 76,045 individuals.

Water Supply

Activity Total

Grand TotalMale Female

Hand pumps 5,048 4,237 9,285

Chlorination 8,389 7,177 15,566

Rehabilitation 19,084 18,986 38,070

Total 32,521 30,400 62,921

Sanitation:

Activity No. of beneficiaries

TotalMale Female

HH latrines 1,125 1,170 2,295

Communal latrines 405 0 405

Latrines constructed by communities 10,804 10,926 21,730

Grand Total 12,334 12,096 24,430

Role of religious leaders:

Religious leaders in the project areas have strong hold in the

community. The participation of religious leaders in project activities

was encouraged including holding separate meetings with

religious leaders. The religious leaders in Jumma (Friday) prayers

talked about improved WASH facilities and asked the general

masses to play their role in achieving cleaned and diseases free

environment.

Support to BHU and their role:

Hygiene promotion is one of the integral part of the job description

of LHVs and LHWs at Basic Health Unit (BHU) of health department.

Under the project 10 trainings were imparted to them on hygiene

promotion activities. Special sessions were held with them on

Menstrual Hygiene Management and IEC material was given to

them for dissemination in their respective communities. The BHU

staff played their role very actively and held 1,534 sessions with

67,450 individuals at school and community level.

Empowering women:

Involving women in project activities has been challenging, as

cultural norms often prevent women in district Mardan from

participating in social mobilisation, and visiting outside their

homes. Through strong commitment and devotion of WA and

IRSP’s field staff, participation of women was ensured in project

activities. Women at community level have been able to participate

in trainings, hygiene sessions and CLTS meetings by arranging

separate male and female meetings. Women were also actively

conducting hygiene sessions with other females and report their

activities to IRSP. An unexpected outcome of this engagement

with women as that in some of the targeted communities, families

were reluctant to have a polio vaccination. However, through

discussions with IRSP’s social organisers, the communities were able

to understand the benefits of this vaccination and decided to be

vaccinated.

Media engagement:

Journalists from local and leading provincial newspapers have been

engaged to increase WASH profile in the print media. More than

716 WASH related stories, special editions and issues have been

published in these newspapers.

Institutionalization:

Establishment of different platforms including CSOs Network,

District WASH Forum, school hygiene clubs, women groups and

water & sanitation management committees are important

developments towards institutionalization and sustainability of

project interventions.

Final Beneficiaries of the project:

No. Description No. of Beneficiaries

1 Water Supply 62,921

2 Sanitation 34,854

3 Hygiene Promotion 81,112

4 CLTS 9,070

5 WATSAN Committees Trainings 420

6 Hygiene Promoters Trainings 310

7 Women Groups Trainings 240

8 Hygiene Clubs trainings 600

9 CSOs staff trainings 190

10 LGs trainings 68

11 Exposure Visits 22

12 Journalists 27

Rehabilitation of Drinking Water Supply in KP after the Flood 2010-phase II (RDW-KP)Funded by: SDC

The activities of the project were designed to achieve maximum

results after the implementation in the target areas. During the

project, 2,007 dug wells have been rehabilitated in the target

households of UC Daulatpura and Agra. The community was also

involved in the cleaning and rehabilitation process which not only

helped IRSP team in the field but also increased the awareness

level of the community on wells rehabilitation and protection. The

hygiene promotion and community awareness component was

followed after the completion of civil work in the community. The

community was also sensitized on the protection and cleaning

of wells especially during the rainy season. The pre and post

water testing results were shared with the community during the

meetings.

The overall impact of the hard and soft activities was very significant

in the target area. Due to the uniqueness of the project, the

community members appreciated the overall intervention and

actively participated in the activities.

Following are the indicators for the above outcomes;

• Reduction of diarrheal cases at targeted communities:

According to the BHUs data, the ratio of water borne diseases

reduced from 11% to 9.5% during the year 2013 in the target

union councils.

• Reduction of diarrheal cases at targeted households:

The end-line (KAP) survey shows that 2% of the household

members were suffered from diarrhoea during the last month

while the ratio was 2.34% in the baseline survey.

• Average monthly expenditure on diarrheal diseases:

The average monthly expenditures on diarrheal diseases

decreased 30-40% by comparing the last month expenditures

of baseline and end line survey.

• Satisfaction level of the community on the intervention:

According to the end line survey, 84% of the community

members were satisfied with the provision of safe drinking

water at household level.

• SODIS practices: According to the end line survey 60% of the

target households were practicing SODIS at household level.

• Hand washing practices: In the target area, 72% of the total

household members were washing hands with soup properly.

• Improvement of knowledge, attitude and practices level

in the school kids: The hand washing and SODIS practices

also increased among the school kids after the intervention

at targeted schools. The ratio of the students washing hands

with soap before eating increased from 88% to 96% while 14%

increase was observed in the school kids washing hand with

soap after using the toilet.

• Conditions of Dug-Wells and its surroundings: 70% of the

wells surrounding surveyed was clean, 88% were properly

covered with a lid which is a drastic positive change as

compared to the minor 14% of the population that qualified

with similar standards during the baseline survey.

• Improvement in water quality of rehabilitated dug wells:

The overall analysis shows that 99% of dug wells were

bacteriologically contaminated before rehabilitation while

73% of the rehabilitated wells were safe after 4 months of

rehabilitation. After 8 months of rehabilitation the same wells

were retested and it was found that 65% of them were still safe

for drinking.

• Overall cleanliness: The surrounding of the well was clean and

tidy in 70% of the households observed during the end line

survey.

Rehabilitation of Drinking Water Supply in KP after the Flood 2010-phase II (RDW-KP)

• Protection of dug wells: The dug well was properly covered in

88% of the visited households.

• Conditions of drainage inside houses: The drainage was clear

having no overflow of water in 83% of the households.

• Conditions of latrines: Latrine was clean and in use in 69% of

the households observed during the end line survey.

Summary of main outputs / outreach

Following is the target area along with beneficiaries of the project;

S# Target District Target Union Councils No. Of Target HHs

1 Charsadda Daulatpura 770

Agra 1,237

Grand Total 2 2,007

Following are the activities completed under the hard component of the project;

S.# Type of Work Target Acheived Target %

1 Rehabilitation of household dug wells 1,900 1,907 100%

2 Dug wells cleaning and chlorination 2,000 1980 98%

3 Pre & post water testing of dug wells 1,200 1,408 117%

4 Rehabilitation/Repair of Latrines - 151 -

5 Construction of new wells 100 100 100%

Following is the summary of the main outputs;• Improvement in water quality: Water quality improved

through cleaning and rehabilitation, the overall analysis shows

that 99% of dug wells were bacteriologically contaminated

before rehabilitation while 73% of the rehabilitated wells

were safe after 4 months of rehabilitation. After 8 months of

rehabilitation the same wells were retested and it was found

that 65% of them were still safe for drinking.

• Rehabilitation and construction of dug wells: 2,007 dug wells

were rehabilitated and protected from contamination through

civil work.

• Rehabilitation of household latrines: 151 damaged latrines

were identified and rehabilitated in the target union councils.

• Water testing: 688 dug wells have been tested before

rehabilitation while 720 water testing has been performed

in different stages after rehabilitation (35% of wells were

tested before rehabilitation while 40% were tested after

rehabilitation)

• Community mobilization sessions: 75 community

mobilization sessions conducted in the target villages.

Efficiency• The project, rehabilitation of household dug wells is unique

among the community, this is not performed by any

government and non government organization after the flood

2010. By involving trained and experienced team the activities

were executed appropriately in the target area.

• The community elders, men and imams were involved during

the planning as well as implementation phase of the project

which increased the sustainability of the project.

• Shock chlorination is not accepted by the community due

to shocking smell and some misconception about chlorine

among the community; due to proper social mobilization

98% of the dug wells have been shock chlorinated during the

project.

• The work plan was realistically designed in order to meet any

unfavourable condition which can slow down the project

activities, in this way the target was achieved within the

timeline of the project.

• Regular monitoring visits were made to the project area from

IRSP internal monitoring team which was helpful for resolving

the identified problems and gaps in the field.

Post Floods WASH Rehabilitation ProjectIntegrated Regional Support Program-IRSP has launched the three

years’ long term rehabilitation project under title “Post Flood Wash

Rehabilitation (PFWR)” in the three union councils of upper swat

namely Madyan, Bashigram and Tirat in partnership with Concern

World Wide (CWW). The project took start from 1st Jan, 2011 and

ended on 31st Dec, 2013.

To revitalize the flood affected communities and promote their

easy access to safe drinking water sanitation services and hygiene

promotion IRSP completed the following targets in the project

duration of 3 years.

•Construction/Rehabilitation of 21 water supply schemes .i.e.

distribution of Pipe line from Gravity water flow and springs to

tank and then from tank to houses. Direct beneficiaries of these 21

schemes are 3184 House Holds 22288 individuals with ratio of men

women and children (10698 men, 11590 women, 9361 children)

•Construction/Rehabilitation of 12 street pavements and drains

to improve the drainage and sewerage system for removal

of stagnant water total of 1353 Households 9471 individuals

including (4546 men 4025 women 3978 children are benefiting

these 12 schemes.

•Construction of 1 Garbage pit at Village Bati Burn UC Bashigram to

dump the solid waste disposal. The dimension of this Garbage Pit is

(120 sqft).and at about 36 Households 350 individuals are directly

benefiting this scheme.

•Restoration/Construction of 278 Latrines to abolish the open

defecation and at about 348 Families 2431 individual having the

ratio of men women and children (1167 men 1264 women 1021

children) are benefiting these 278 latrines.

•IRSP distributed 1750 Hygiene Kits at H.H level direct Beneficiaries

are 1750 Households, similarly conducted 225 health hygiene

sessions direct beneficiaries to Promote hygiene good practices

on daily bases. Direct beneficiaries are 6158 individuals (2956

males 3202 females) were educated on their hygienic issues in the

targeted 35 villages of 3 UCs

•IRSP formed 52 school hygiene clubs in 25 male 27 female schools

and strengthen their capacity on personal and environmental

hygiene. total beneficiaries of these 52 clubs are 1196 individuals

(575 male 621 female) including (104 parents 52 teacher 1040

students) Each club contains 2 parents 1 teacher and 20 students.

•70 CBOs were formed 35 male 35 Female in 35 villages of 3 UCs

and total Beneficiaries are 1750 (875 male 875 Female) their

capacity was built on participatory approaches, Advocacy and

conflict resolution •To follow the project Exit Strategy, in the last year 2013 three Area

Coordination Councils were formed one from each UC and total 55

male members capacity was built on future schemes sustainability

and to develop their linkages with line departments for regular

coordination, regarding their issues in water and sanitation and

onward schemes sustainability.

•IRSP conducted 2 trainings of civil society network and community

based organizations completed in 2011 and 2012 to strengthen

their capacities on social mobilization, demand driven approaches

and Advocacy skills

•To improve technical and social mobilization capacities of

service providers (TMAs/PHEDs) In 3 years project duration IRSP

conducted 3 training events organised in 2011, 2012 and 2013

respectively. In these trainings the capacity of TMA/PHED staff was

built on the subject, Social Mobilization, Participatory approaches

and Right Based Approaches, Advocacy and development, Conflict

Resolution, Community Led total Sanitation (CLTS), Hepatitis, HIV

AIDS, Protection of water resources, Water and Sanitation technical

skill, Disaster risk reduction (DRR) Total Participants from PHED/

Post Floods WASH Rehabilitation Project

TMA and Community remained in 3 years remained between 21 to

28 members.

•3 Exposure visits of TMA/PHED staff combined with local CBO /ACC

members were completed in 3 years to improve the knowledge

and learning’s of the participants on new experiences in water and

sanitation infrastructures of other NGOs in other district .1st visit 0f

14 persons combined from local CBOs and TMA/PHED Staff was

made to Lahore and Gujranwala in 2011 and 2nd visit of 10 persons

was made to Kalan Kahar in 2012,while 3rd visit was made to district

Malakand Tehsil Batkhela to see the SRSP DWSS and sanitation

schemes.

•Two water quality Labs were established in TMA/PHED offices in

Mata and the capacity of 13 officials from the said departments

was built by IRSP water quality Analyst on technical skill of water

quality testing and use of Del-Agua Kit provided by IRSP.

•IRSP conducted 3 meetings in 3 years with 6 Media persons to

onboard them for their involvement in the project activities and to

highlight the water and sanitation issues and IRSP achievements in

the local newspapers.

•IRSP completed the process of formation of PAC in the 1st year

2011 were comprising 15 potential members from government

line departments, district government, community development

actors, Media and NGOs. Total 5 MEETINGS of PAC members were

completed in 3 years.

Outcome and impact of the project:•22288 individuals (10698 men, 11590 women, 9361 children)

improved access to safe drinking water

•9471 individuals including (4546 men 4025 women 3978 children)

increased access to improved sanitation

•350 individuals including (168 men 182 women 147 children)

increased access to dump the solid waste disposal for keeping the

clean environments.

•2431 individual (1167 men 1264 women 1021 children) increased

access to use Latrine and abolish open defecation

•12250 individual (5880 men 6370 women 5145 children) increased

access to use of hygiene kits and enhance hygiene practices.

•6158 individuals of hygiene sessions (2956 males 3202 females)

increased access to promote personal, environmental hygiene

•1040 (500 Male 540 Female) students increased access to enhance

personal, Domestic and school hygiene.

•1750 (875 male 875 Female) CBOs increased access to remain

involve in the project different activities beneficiary selection and

other schemes construction work in their Area

•55 ACC members increased access to take over the charge of

future project sustainability and seeking new opportunities for

development in coordination with line departments and other

NGOs.

•74 officials from TMA/PHED offices increased access to improve

their social and technical skill regarding water and sanitation

issues.

•39 individuals from local community and PHED/TMA office

increased access to get new learning’s and new experiences in

water and sanitation infrastructure of other NGOs in exposure visits

of other districts

•13 officials from TMA/PHED department increased access to use

Del- Agua kit for water quality testing in nearest location water

testing facility for local community.

•6 media persons increased access to involve in project

implementation and different publications of IRSP achievements

were highlighted in local newspapers from time to time

•15 potential members of PAC increased access to involve in project

implementation for further improvement under their valuable

suggestions.

Impact:•Impact is long term process and the local communities of the

target villages moves gradually towards healthy environment.

•Water born and sanitation bacterial diseases, especially Diarrhoea,

Cholera and Scabies are now up to some extant under control as

compare to baseline Survey conducted in 2011.

•The Burdon over the poor community of purchasing medicine in

their low income for these common diseases has been reduced

which is a positive step in contribution towards poverty reduction

and Ensure environmental sustainability’ in the context of

sustainable development, in flood-affected Swat district.

Community Based Disaster Risk Management in the selected union councils of district Charsadda

Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) was an

innovative project, implemented by Concern Worldwide Pakistan

through funding by OFDA, in flood affected provinces of Pakistan

(2011-2013.)

In the province of Khyber Pukhtunkhwa (KPK), Concern

worldwide-Pakistan (CWW-lead partner) & Integrated Regional

Support Program (IRSP- Implementing Partner) implemented the

Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) program

aimed at improving the disaster risk management capacities and

strategies of poor and vulnerable communities and other key

stakeholder in 16 flood affected union councils of district Charsadda

through sustainable preparedness and increased institutional

capacity.

Major activities completed under the CBDRM project:

•Participatory risk analysis and development of 16 Union Council

(UC) level DRM Plans,

•Community mobilization,

•Awareness raising and capacity building,

•Provision of emergency contingency stocks,

•Advocacy for the integration of DRR in development processes.

Training and capacity building of the local human resource is an

essential part of the CBDRM program at all levels i.e. beneficiaries,

partners and program staff.

Advocacy events were held with the government, community and

CSO. Under the project build capacities of stakeholders ranging

from community mobilization & awareness raising on CBDRM/DRR

to the trainings of CBDRM facilitators & 286 members of 16 union

councils level DMCs and 814 members of 16 union councils level

ERTs members on specific skills based on the needs. Trainings of the

805 local school teachers on DRR/CBDRM were also held to ensure

disaster risk management at the school level. Particular emphasis

was given to the capacity building of all the DRM structures/

stakeholders (DMCs, ERTs, teachers etc.) on disaster management,

group dynamics, conflict resolution and leadership skills to ensure

their longer term sustainability and development.

243 flood mitigation schemes were completed under CBDRM (135

De-siltation schemes, 56 protection walls & Protection walls, 42

RCC culverts & 10 new drains). These are benefiting 249455 people

( 49891households). Cash for work (PKR 2622844) was provided to

total of 2083 local skilled and unskilled labours, total of 6382 men-

day of temporary employment were generated locally.

The mitigation measures increased the safety of beneficiaries and

infrastructures. It also facilitated them in easy and timely carriage

of housing reconstruction materials from city/nearby markets at

their villages. Technically the schemes designs and construction met

quality standard and local needs. The local community was involved

in all stages of physical work etc.

IRSP exit strategy was developed for CBDRM and final meetings with

the DMCs, DCO, other concerned departments and NGOs working

in the area were held and list of schemes and list of DMC & ERT

members were provided to relevant government counterpart.

1. Community Based Disaster Risk Management (CBDRM) Training

for CBDRM Facilitators:

2. Concern Worldwide arranged two weeks training for 5 IRSP

facilitators. The training was facilitated by Asian Disaster

Preparedness Centre (ADPC) because NDMA recommended

and certified their trainings for the CBDRM programming in

Pakistan.

3. Development/Adaptation of training/IEC materials on DRM:

4. IEC materials were designed to provide information about the

disasters risks, disaster risk reduction measures and used as a

tool for the community awareness raising. The IEC materials

were developed in the local language and keeping in view the

local culture and hazard situation of district Charsadda.

5. Community Mobilization and Awareness Raising Sessions on

DRR/CBDRM:

6. Community mobilization and awareness was an integral part

of the CBDRM program to sensitize and prepare the local

communities to actively participate in DRR/CBDRM activities in

their respective villages/UCs.

7. There were 60 mobilization meetings conducted in different

locations of 16 union councils.

8. Participatory risk analysis and development of UC level DRM

plans:

9. The activity of Participatory risks was carried out in 16 union

councils to determine the nature, scope and magnitude of

negative impacts of hazards on the community and locations

that were most vulnerable. The methodologies and tools

used were hazard/risk mapping, historical timelines, seasonal

calendars, focus group discussions, analysis, observation,

transect walk, action planning tables. Those DRM plans were

handed over to Disaster Management Committees (DMCs) &

District Disaster Management Authority (DDMA).

Following the risk assessment, the facilitators facilitated the

communities in developing 16 UC level DRM plans. The steps that

were followed in developing a UC level DRM plan are as follows:

• Listing of identified hazards (during risk analysis) according to

priority and listing of problems associated with the identified

hazards

• Discussion on priority problems and setting of objectives to

address each problem

• Identification of risk reduction measures/activities and persons/

groups responsible to address these problems

• Identification of resource requirements for the implementation

of preparedness and risk reduction measures (from available

resources of community and required from external sources)

• Setting the timeframe for the completion of activities

• Setting up the monitoring mechanism to track progress on

activities.

16 UC DRM plans were printed, and copies were provided for

dissemination among the DMCs and relevant government

stakeholders. The hazard map of each UC was displayed (on

a metal signboard) at a prominent place within the UC for

sensitisation of communities. UC level DRM plans were linked

with tehsil/district level DRM plans of the government. Linking

of the UC level DRM plans with the tehsil/municipal/district

DRM plans for institutionalization of the UC level DRM planning

and link the communities with the tehsil/district/provincial and

national authorities. For further speedup of information flow to

the community level (particularly early warnings),the DMCs were

provided mobile phones, pocket radios (FM/AM) and megaphones

for the UC level DMCs, as part of the stockpiles. The program

aimed to strengthen linkages between government institutions

(NDMA/PDMAs/DDMAs, District Governments, and Tehsil Municipal

Administrations etc.) and UC level DMCs to help increase disaster

preparedness at the local level. Linking of UC DRM plans with the

upper tiers (tehsil/district) will also help UC’s to access external

resources to carry out the risk reduction measures identified during

DRM planning.

1. Formation and training of UC level Disaster Management

Committees (DMCs) in basic disaster management skills:

During the UC level DRM planning, communities in the target 16

UCs were facilitated to establish 16 UC level DMCs for DRM related

responsibilities in their respective UCs. Each of the 16 UC level DMC

had 15 members, with representation from all the villages in the

UC – including CBOs and local government representatives present

at the UC level. At the very outset of the program, DMCs members

were provided CBDRM training. This enabled them to carry out

essential risk management tasks in their respective UCs. IRSP

facilitators build the capacity of the UC level DMCs on topics such

as coordination and communication during emergencies, basic

damage and need assessment, relief distribution, DRM planning

including evacuation and early warning mechanisms. DMCs

were responsible to disseminate weather updates/flood early

warnings (from NDMA/PDMAs/DDMAs, PMD & local government

administration) to their respective communities.

2. In 19 trainings total 286 (including 86 female members

and 220 male) members of 16 DMCs were trained under the

program on the above mentioned topics.

3. Trainings were coordinated with relevant government line

departments and local DDMA representatives were involved in the

process.

4. Training of UC level Emergency Response Teams (ERTs) in

basic emergency response skills:

During the UC level DRM planning communities were facilitated

to establish 16 UC level Emergency Response Teams (ERTs) to

undertake primary emergency response activities in case of any

disaster within the UC. Each of the UC level ERT consisted of

50 members with representation from all the villages in the UC

including representatives from the UC level local government

and CBOs. These ERTs were trained on first aid, search and rescue,

damaged need assessment (DNA) and emergency response, relief

distribution for the ERTs to equip them with the essential skills to

respond in case of emergencies. In total 814 members (including

80 females & 734 males) of 16 ERTs were trained.

5. Training of local school teachers on disaster preparedness/

DRM:

IRSP’s CBDRM facilitators provided training on disaster risk

management to the school teachers in the 16 target UCs. From

each target UC, 50 teachers were trained - in total 805 (303 female

teachers & 502 male teachers) in 16 DRM trainings were trained

under the program. Teachers’ trainings were coordinated with

the education department, school management and DDMA of

district Charsadda. 243 schools were targeted in Disaster risks

Managements trainings across 16 union councils of district

Charsadda.

6. Provision of emergency contingency stocks (tools and

equipment) at the UC level:

7. Essential tools and equipment were provided to 16

targeted DMCs in order to equip communities to undertake

emergency response and mitigation activities. The contingency

stock items were useful for search & rescue, first aid, fire fighting

and receiving / dissemination of information/early warnings. DMCs

were assisted to ensure proper documentation and record keeping

of the emergency contingency stockpiles. Details of the stockpiles

were shared with district authorities and DDMA.

8. Advocacy (workshop/meetings/seminars) for the

integration of DRR in development processes at district level:

Advocacy events (meetings, workshops and seminars) were

arranged at UC, tehsil and district levels to highlight the

importance of integrating DRR in the district level development

programs.

9. Flood Mitigation Schemes:

10. The mitigation schemes included De-siltation of

blocked drains; Culverts, Retaining walls & protection wall. Those

mitigation schemes were requested by community through proper

resolutions followed by technical & social feasibility. The progress

was regularly shared with district government in soft and hard

copies.

11. 135 schemes of de-siltation of blocked drains were

completed in different locations of 16 union councils .these De-

siltation schemes were coordinated with TMA of Charsadda and

other related organization to avoid duplication of schemes.

12. 243 mitigation schemes were completed in CBDRM (135

De-siltation schemes, 56 protection walls & Protection walls, 42

RCC culverts & 10 new drains). These are benefiting 51343 people

(49891 households). Cash for work (PKR 2622844) was provided to

total of 2083 local skilled and unskilled labours, total of 6382 men-

day of temporary employment were generated locally.

13. The mitigation measures increased the safety of

beneficiaries and infrastructures. It also facilitated them in easy

and timely carriage of housing reconstruction materials from

city/nearby markets at their villages. The team visited different

schemes locations in villages. Technically the schemes designs

and construction met quality standard and local needs. The local

community was involved in all stages of physical work etc.

14. Provision of training for effective operation and

maintenance of schemes

15. Operation and maintenance trainings were provided to

49 members of infrastructure committees and at the end, schemes

were handover to relevant DMCs members. As mitigation schemes

nature were such that it did not involve technical capacity for O

& M, still project committees were briefed on the importance of

clearing drains so that water flow does not blocked.

Final monitoring visit was paid by CWW’s staff (engineer, M & E and

project officer) to IRSP field area in district Charsadda, to assess

the achievements of CBDRM project outputs & outcomes. Their

findings were encouraging and their feedback on part of the IRSP

was that it had improved their work up to a greater extent in sense

of site selection and incorporating the project proposal conceptual

thoughts to the schemes on ground. KPK team has really made

great efforts in successful implementation of the project.

IRSP exit strategy was developed on basis of final meetings with the

DMCs, DCO, other concerned departments and NGOs working in the

area were held. IRSP has completed 106 schemes out of 106 target

schemes Sign boards were installed for visibility of infrastructure

schemes. CWW team visited d DMC UC Utmanzai, DMC MC-2 and

DMC UC Tarnab. During visit and meeting with DMC members and it

was observed that satisfaction level of DMCs members was high, all

the sites for schemes were purposefully selected and the retention

level of the knowledge gained by DMC members was satisfactory.

Project/ Result/Activity: Unit Overall Targets Overall Achievements

Total Mitigation structures constructed/Repair Schemes 244 244

New RCC Culverts constructed Culverts 40 43

De-siltation of Drains Schemes 89 135

Retaining wall/Protection wall constructed. Schemes 56 56

New Drains Constructed Schemes 10 10

Number of Benefitting household from Mitigation schemes HH 51,344

Number of O&M trainings Trainings 16 16

Long Term Election Observation and Oversight Program (LTEOOP)As member organization of TDEA-FAFEN, IRSP implemented the

European Union (EU)-funded, Long-Term Election Observation

and Oversight in Pakistan (LTEOOP), covering all the 09 National

Assembly constituencies across the three districts and one Federally

Administered Tribal Area (FATA) namely Bajaur Agency. The area

include: Mardan Bajour Agency Bhakkar Layyah IRSP responsibility

was to carry out long-term election observation in the following

National Assembly constituencies:

NA-9 Mardan-I NA-10 Mardan-II NA-11 Mardan-III NA-43 Tribal

Area-VIII, Bajour Agency NA-44 Tribal Area-IX, Bajour Agency NA-73

Bhakkar-I NA-74 Bhakkar-II NA-181 Layyah-I NA-182 Layyah-II

Purpose of the Project:Main purpose of LTEOOP was to contribute the overall objective

of the TDEA-FAFEN strategy that is to strengthen democratic

institutions in Pakistan by contributing to transparent and

accountable electoral processes. Free and fair elections are a

vital element of democratic processes. The freedom and fairness

of elections are not confined to Election Day. All aspects of the

electoral cycle contribute to the freedom and fairness of elections

and the democratic process as a whole. To this end, this project was

implemented under long term observation programme as part of

its overall election observation methodology, encompassing the

monitoring of both pre and post electoral processes.

Deliverables and Activities IRSP under this project, was responsible for the following

deliverables:

1. Recruitment

IRSP carried out recruitment process in two phase where in the first

phase, the Election Observation Manager (EOM), Admin & Finance

Officer (AFO) and District Long Term Observers (DLTOs) for the entire

districts and/or Agency were recruited as per criteria in the month

of January 2013 while in the second phase Constituency Long Term

Observers (CLTOs) for nine designated constituencies were recruited

in the month of March. EOM and AFO were hired for a period of 12

months while DLOTs were hired for a period of 10 months and they

were supposed to implement project activities in the pre- and post-

election phases. CLTOs were recruited for a period of three months.

2. Trainings of DLTOs & CLTOs

After the recruitment process, both the district and constituency

level staff for oriented in detail about the observation processes,

strategy and methodology. Three trainings were conducted

regarding project activities. DLTOs got these trainings in Dera Ismail

Khan, Peshawar, Islamabad and Swat. Staff from district Bhakkar and

Layyah attended these trainings in D I Khan while staff from Mardan

and Bajaur attended these trainings at Islamabad, Peshawar and

Swat.

3. Project Activities in the Pre-Election Period

LTEOOP staff implemented project activities in the Pre-Election

Period on the standardized checklists according to the uniform

observation methodology under five broad areas/sections:

1. Section 1: Observing overall performance of Election

Administration on weekly basis

2. Section 2: Observing overall political situation at district

and constituency level on weekly basis as well as observing

activities of Political Parties on weekly basis

3. Section 3: Observing and reporting any kind of political

and electoral violence and security arrangements

4. Section 4: Observing Use of Public places, officials and

resources by any Political Party/candidate

Long Term Election Observation and Oversight Program (LTEOOP)

5. Section 5: Observing and promptly reporting any

kind activities related to emergency or related to violation of

Election Code of Conduct. Type of events that were supposed

to be reported promptly were already identified to the staff in a

standardized checklists.

IRSP D-LTOs and C-LTOs met every week with a wide range of

election stakeholders in their districts and constituencies of

responsibility. These stakeholders include all levels of election

administration officials, other government officials, representatives

of political parties and candidates, local media, relevant civil society

groups, and any other national or international observers operating

in the area. D-LTOs and C-LTOs also spoke to as many potential

voters as possible from different walks of life and representing

different communities of interest. IRSP ensured that all of its

observers regularly report through an online reporting mechanism

to TDEA-FAFEN-Election Observation Secretariat following a specific

schedule and copied the EOM on all the reports.

4. Project Activities in the Post-Election Period:

In the Post-Election Period, LTEOOP Staff started engagements

with Election Administration that include District Office of Election

Commission of Pakistan (ECP), District Returning Officer and

Returning Officers for getting election results related various forms

prescribed by ECP. These forms were namely:

1. Form XIV: The statement of the count

2. Form XV: Ballot Paper Account

3. Form XVI: Consolidated statement of the Result

4. Form XVII: Result of the count

5. Final Polling Scheme

6. XVIII: Return expenses of candidate

IRSP progress against these forms has been given below:

Constituency Form

XIV

Received Form

XV

Received Form

XVI

Received Form

XVII

Received Form

XVIII

Received Polling

Scheme

NA-10 Mardan-II 263 263 263 263 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

NA-11 Mardan-III 251 251 251 251 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

NA-181 Layyah-I 268 0 268 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0

NA-182 Layyah-II 307 0 307 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 0

NA-43 Tribal Area-VIII,

Bajour Agency 113 113 113113

1 1 1 1 1 0 0

NA-44 Tribal Area-IX,

Bajour Agency 120 120 120120

1 0 1 1 1 1 1

NA-73 Bhakkar-I 304 304 304 290 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

NA-74 Bhakkar-II 315 315 315 315 1 1 1 1 1 0 1

NA-09 Mardan I 240 0 240 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 1

5. Challenges:

While collecting these forms from the offices concerned, staff

most of the time faced denial cases and most of the ROs refused to

share the requested forms without showing any reason. Still there

are request which pending with Election Tribunal and RO Offices

and this one of the question marks on transparency and fairness

of elections as being Citizen of Pakistan, Public Officials has the

responsibility to share any public information if requested by citizen

under Article 19-A of Constitution of Pakistan “Right to Information”

(RTI).

6. Accreditation of Election Day Short-Term Observers (STOs)

In response to Election Day Observation, the prime responsibility of

STAEP Staff, LTEOOP Staff of IRSP provided all sorts of support in the

identification of Election Day observers, training of these observers

and supervision of Election Day observers to the STAEP Staff. Under

this project, Project Staff has implemented and reported more than

1500 activities as per the prescribed checklist where more than 1230

activities have been accepted by FAFEN/TDEA while the remaining

are in the process at Islamabad level.

Supporting Transperency, Accountability and Electoral Process in PakistanBuilding on the successes of the Foundation’s 2006-2008 “Support

for Free and Fair Elections in Pakistan” Program, the Foundation

proposed a follow-on program to capitalize on the gains of the

2008 Pakistan General Elections and consolidate progress towards

transparent, accountable governance under civilian rule. To this

end, the Foundation proposed a 30 months long “Citizen Action

for Electoral and Democratic Progress in Pakistan” program for

enhancing the effectiveness of government in addressing the

critical challenges now facing Pakistan by increasing citizens’

participation in ensuring transparency and accountability. The

program was expected to address the long-standing weaknesses in

the nation’s democratic environment through making the Elected

Representatives (ERs) responsive to their constituents, enhancing

electoral reforms and citizen’s participation in democratic processes,

improving civic education on democratic rights and responsibilities,

building media capacity to report on democracy and governance

themes and enhancing FAFEN’s capacity to operate as an

independent civil society network. Keeping the fruitful results of the

intervention in mind, the Foundation in February 2011 proposed

to expand program’s outreach from 150 to 200 constituencies of

national assembly including Federally Administered Tribal Areas

(FATA) along with extension to project life from February 2012 to

June 30, 2013.

Similarly, while revising the program life and outreach, the overall

program objectives were also revised along with change of project

title. Thus, the Foundation with the funding of UK Department for

International Development (DFID) and the Embassy of the Kingdom

of Netherlands came up with revised project titled “ Supporting

Transparency, Accountability and Electoral Processes in Pakistan”

(STAEP). The goal of the STAEP was to ensure more effective,

transparent and accountable governance that addresses the critical

challenges facing Pakistan today. Purpose of the program was

to ensure that democratic processes in Pakistan are more open,

inclusive, efficient and accountable to citizens. To this end, the

program devised five outputs that are as follow:

1. Citizens’ groups will monitor performance of elected

representatives and public institutions and raise demands

which are increasingly met

2. Election will be better managed and more inclusive and

peaceful, and political parties will be better organized and

more responsive to citizens

3. Disenfranchised groups and religious leaders will be

increasingly engaged in civic affairs and political parties

4. Media reporting will be more balanced and has greater

outreach and use of communication maximized

5. FAFEN organizations and associates will have increased

capacity to monitor governance issues, manage systems

and accounts, access new funding and will have improved

credibility

Under these amendments in the overall program, IRSP successfully

scaled up STAEP to FATA and started program implementation in

two more national assembly’s constituencies of Bajaur Agency i.e.

NA 43 and NA 44. IRSP implemented STAEP in five constituencies

namely NA-09, NA-10, NA-11 of District Mardan and NA-43 and NA-

44 of Bajaur Agency.

Supporting Transperency, Accountability and Electoral Process in Pakistan

Rural Up Scaling Sanitation in Flood Affected Districts (RUSFAD)Purpose of this intervention is to ensure the safe disposal of human

excreta and creation of open defecation free environment at

community level along with the safe disposal of liquid and solid

wastes as well as promotion of health and hygiene practices at

community level which is the primary focus of National Sanitation

Policy and contribution towards meeting the millennium

development goals (MDGs).

Children (boys and girls) reached with demand creation for

sanitation messages in Schools. BCC Campaign- 1 in Schools:

Children are called as the change agent and considered very

effective medium to promote any sort of message for achieving set

objectives. That’s why project SPSP deeply focus on school children

and designed event for schools children as a part of campaign 1

and SLTS. To utilize school children and teacher effectively, IRSP

already build a strong coordination with school children and

teachers in every of its target area’s school, where wash club is a

forum which help to disseminate the health and hygiene messages

to other school children. So far IRSP got very good results of its

school intervention. Children are more conscious about their health

as compare to other family members and they are enthusiastic

to deliver the received messages. Therefore, children learn health

and hygiene lesson and penetrate into the community where they

deliver such messages to their peer groups in village (playground)

and madrasas and to their other family members at home.

Keeping in view the effectiveness of this activity, IRSP in Campaign-1

has reached to all schools in target areas. In schools IRSP conducted

BCC Campaign -1 activities such as quiz competition, poster

competitions etc. Apart from campaign-1 activities, IRSP formed

wash clubs in 41 schools, conducted SLTS and developed event

calendar through wash club in all target schools, conducted

monthly meetings of wash clubs and facilitated school wash club

members to participate in their village PRAs.

People (men, women, boys, and girls) reached with demand

creation for sanitation messages

The project SPSP is divided into four main Campaign which

is Campaign 1 for demand creation, Campaign 2 for technical

education, Campaign 3 for hygiene promotion and campaign 4 for

sustainability. Each of these campaigns further divided into four

events such as event in schools, event at religious place, house

to house event and event at community. Following the order

of the designed project, demand for sanitation was created by

conducting four events in all our 62 targeted villages in Mohmand

& Bajaur Agency. Through these campaign events communities

were targeted in schools, at religious places, in side house hold

and at communal places through a series of activities to inform/

aware people about the need for sanitation and safe drinking water.

Different event was arranged to raise sanitation demand in schools

through SLTS and campaign events. BCC campaign 1 is comprised of

the following four events:

The project SPSP is divided into four main Campaigns, which were

launched at all the targeted village. These four campaigns are

below:

• Campaign 1 for demand creation

• Campaign 2 for technical education

• Campaign 3 for hygiene promotion

• campaign 4 for sustainability

Each of the above campaign is further divided into four events,

Rural Up Scaling Sanitation in Flood Affected Districts (RUSFAD)

which were conducted at all target villages. These events were

• BCC Campaign-1 at school

• BCC Campaign-1 at Religious place

• BCC Campaign-1 at community

• BCC Campaign-1 at house to house (door to door)

According to project design, IRSP conducted 16 events in each

target village. Campaign-1 related all activities have been finished in

all target villages.

BCC Campaign-1 at Religious Place:

Community ownership and involvement is vital in bringing change

in community behaviors towards specific issues and also lead to

sustainability. Like other tribal areas of FATA, the communities in

Bajaur agency is religious minded and deeply influence by the

religious people and give respect and weight to the sayings of

religious people. It might be due low literacy rate, poverty and less

exposure to the other developed areas of the country. Therefore,

keeping in view the above fact, one event in each campaign will

be delivered at religious place through imam of the mosque. Like

minded religious imams of the mosques were identified in the early

stages of the projects and they were convinced for the deliverance

of project activities and themes in their mosques.

BCC Campaign-1 completed at religious places in 31 villages in

Bajaur and 20 villages in Mohmand. In target villages still imams are

delivering IRSP messages in Friday sermons and other prayers.

BCC Campaign-1 at Community:

In order to achieve targets/ goals strong mobilization along with

effective coordination/ collaboration between stakeholders

including government and communities is required. Once the

communities are provided with proper knowledge about the

subject matter they can bring change in their lives. As a part of

community, children are one of the important aspects of the

community can help to lead the community towards achieving ODF

status for the village and can eradicate the menace of unhygienic

practices in all senses from their concern communities. The purpose

of BCC Campaign- 1 event through community is to involve the

entire community (male, female and children) in health and hygiene

activities through awareness and to educate them about the

diseases caused by poor sanitation and unhygienic practices and to

realize them that they can get rid of all these ill practices through

collective and sincere efforts.

IRSP has gone through BCC Campaign-1 at community in all target

villages and completed this activity in the month of September

2013.

BCC Campaign-1 at Community:

In order to achieve targets/ goals strong mobilization along with

effective coordination/ collaboration between stakeholders

including government and communities is required. Once the

communities are provided with proper knowledge about the

subject matter they can bring change in their lives. As a part of

community, children are one of the important aspects of the

community can help to lead the community towards achieving ODF

status for the village and can eradicate the menace of unhygienic

practices in all senses from their concern communities. The purpose

of BCC Campaign- 1 event through community is to involve the

entire community (male, female and children) in health and hygiene

activities through awareness and to educate them about the

diseases caused by poor sanitation and unhygienic practices and to

realize them that they can get rid of all these ill practices through

collective and sincere efforts.

IRSP has gone through BCC Campaign-1 at community in 31 villages

in Bajaur agency and 26 in Mohmand agency.

BCC Campaign-1 at House to house (Door to Door):

According to project SPSP, IRSP will reach out to 50,000 populations

which include men, women and children through launching 4

campaigns while each campaign consists of 4 events. Among

all four events of each campaign, house to house is one of the

important events, actually design to reach out the women segment

of the community inside home through LHVs/ LHWs for creation

of sanitation demand and raising awareness among female about

better health and hygiene practices and common diseases caused

by poor sanitation in the area. Unfortunately, LHVs/LHWswere not

available because of the strict tribal culture. Therefore, the initial

structure of this event was changed and a new methodology was

adopted. According to this methodology, the households will

be divided into small group of male and they will be called and

gathered at a place to preach about the theme of the event. They

were also requested to convey these messages to their remaining

family members in home especially the women.

IRSP has reached to its target of 31 villages in Bajaur and 26 villages

in Mohmand in connection of BCC Campaign-1 at house to house

(door to door) event and conducted many sessions in target villages.

Training events conducted for school teachers (men, women) on

facilitating SLTS

According to the designed project dire need was felt to train school

teachers in the targeted areas which will not only strengthen the

wash clubs in the schools but also help in to initiate its activities in

smooth and timely manner under the supervision of these trained

teachers. After a thorough consultation with the agency education

department, 25 teachers and one education official were trained in

3 days training from both the agencies at Prang ghar in Mohmand

and at tehsil Khar Bajuar. The 3 days training was held separately in

both the agencies in the last week of May 2013.

During teachers training different sessions were delivered on

sanitation, wash club formation and its role and responsibilities,

sanitation ladder, PATs, CLTS, SLTS, SPSP and its concept

methodologies and techniques to improve the participant’s

understanding on subject. Furthermore, efforts were made to

build a clear understanding on Wash club formation and its role in

changing the behavior of the targeted community.

WASH clubs formed in schools and strengthened with planned

follow up capacity development sessions

After teachers training SO initiated the process of formation of

wash clubs in the schools of both tehsils. Till date 26 wash clubs are

formed in 26 schools in Bajaur while in Mohmand12 WASH clubs

have been formed before the schools were closed for summer

vacations. All wash club members have been briefed about their role

and responsibility. In some of the schools SO started conducting

hygiene sessions with the wash club members for their capacity

building.

Training events conducted for social organizers on participatory

tools and IEC material for facilitating PATS

Social organizers successful using participatory tools and IEC

material for facilitating PATS in villages according to developed

criteria

Participatory Rural Appraisals (PRAs):

According to the project design, IRSP will be responsible to conduct

one PRA at each target villages. It is a multi-purpose activity where

the community is gathered at one place and highlights their main

problems and identifies its solution through their own participation.

One of the main objectives of this activity to obtain the list of

extremely vulnerable and vulnerable from the community through

well-being ranking and also get knowledge of their peak busy

months when they are involved in sowing or harvesting their crops

through seasonal calendar. VSC is form in this process and baseline

date of the village is gather during the PRA.

The main steps of the PRAs are:

1. Introduction/ Rapport Building

2. Social Mapping

3. Pat Transact walk

4. Pats Seasonal calendar

5. Pat well- being Ranking

6. Problem Tree

7. CAP formation

A format for PRA/ baseline was developed for data collection in

PRAs, so all the data about villages were collected on that format.

The baseline data consisted of name of the village, tehsil name,

population, number of households, number of health and education

facilities, main sources of income, number of main shops including

sanitary shops, the number of latrines, main crops, common

diseases, waste dumping points etc. IRSP field team has completed

all PRAs in its 57 target villages and approved its VSCs in the process

of PRAs and collected information for PRA/ baseline data.

VSCs existing/formed and trained

VSC will play a significant role in sustaining the project in future,

once the project time is over. As mentioned earlier that IRSP

selected 31 villages in Bajuar and 29 villages in Mohmand for its

wash activities, therefore 31 and 29in VSC were formed in Bajaur &

Mohmand respectively.

Masons trained on sanitation construction and using their

learnt skills

UNICEF has continued response to scale up sanitation, focusing on

achieving an Open Defecation Free (ODF) environment through

demand creation for sanitation, mobilization latrine construction,

meeting needs for supply of sanitation materials at household level,

Behavioral Change Communication and improved household water

treatment in vulnerable rural communities. Once the community is

triggered and they convinced for construction of latrines, the top

most thing which we need there is trained mason who know how

to construct the low cost latrines, ultimately fulfilling the demand

of low cost latrines which is raised through the process of demand

creation for sanitation.

Therefore, 140 Masons were identified from 31 villages through

set criteria and then 4 groups of 35 Masons (35 in Nos.) in both the

agencies.

It was made sure that both training places should be secure and

easily accessible to all participant Masons. The two days mason

training divided into two different component, one day theoretical

training and second day practically construction of demo latrine in

one of the target villages. The objectives of mason trainings are:

• To build a pool of local Masons for latrine

construction

• To build the skills of Masons in Low cost Latrine

Technology

• To divert the attention of Masons to Sanitation & its

importance

• To alert the Mason about the opportunity in Latrine

construction

• To Provide Mason the knowledge to get benefit from

Sanitation related constructions

• To identify local Masons and link them with the local

Entrepreneur and village sanitation committee (VSCs)

• To ensure the employment of Masons in low cost

latrines constructed by community through demand

creation

• To develop database of the Masons of the project

target area i.e. tehsil Khar and Nawagai in Bajaur

agency and tehsil Prang Ghar in Mohmand

Entrepreneurs/manufacturer trained and producing low-cost

sanitation solutions

The seed of hope continue to be sown through health and hygiene

promotion to reduce diseases like cholera and diarrhea. In this

connection, IRSP is trying to reach the nock and corners of the

targeted area to ensure the successful implementation of the

project. According to project design once the community triggered

then demand for low cost latrines will be raised and the community

will expect to find the sanitary stuff at their local sanitary shop if any.

This is the reason that a two days Entrepreneur was arranged, and

they were trained and motivated towards introduction of sanitary

materials in their shop if they have other than sanitary shops. It

is expected, once the community convinced through triggering

that they need to construct low cost latrines at their home which

is the ultimate solution to get rid from diseases caused from poor

sanitation, then supply of sanitary material through entrepreneur

will be ensured timely. The other thing which is very important that

local mason will be linked with concern area entrepreneurs and

mason contact number will be available with entrepreneur, so these

contacts will be given to those customer interested in construction

of low cost latrine. Total 50 entrepreneurs were identified from the

project target areas and their training were arranged at Nawagai

colony. The objectives of the entrepreneur training are:

• To build a pool of local entrepreneurs in sanitation

• To ensure sanitation material available at door step

• To enhance the skills of entrepreneur in Sanitation

marketing

• To enhance the business tactics of entrepreneur

• To develop the interest of common entrepreneur in

sanitation business

People reached with WASH BCC messages through electronic/print

media

% of people reached with BCC messages recalling the three key

hygiene messages.

School children (boys and girls) reached with messages through

SLTS activities.

Government officials and political leaders participated in capacity

development and key events of the project.

Advocacy initiatives undertaken with duty bearers/political

leadership to support PATS

Consultative meetings were held at both the agencies and

provincial level with senior govt officials in which representatives

from different departments like LGRD, Education, Health, PHED and

Agency Administration participated. Report for the said events has

already been shared with UNICEF.

MoUs signed by implementing partner with relevant public

institutions responsible for sanitation

Villages jointly selected for PATS programme by relevant

Government duty bearers with IP

Villages were selected in consultation with agency administration.

29 villages in Mohmand & 31 villages were finalized. After joint

selection of villages, detailed information consisted of general

information of village i.e. village population, no. of households,

no. of schools, no of medical facility, sanitation condition of the

village etc. were collected of all targeted villages i.e. 29 villages of

Mohmand agency and 31 villages of Bajaur agency having 50000

populations in each agency.

Inception workshops conducted in the beginning of project

Villages with baseline established in the beginning of project by IP

Schools Identification for wash activities:

After selection and profiling of villages, The SO started identification

of schools in 31 selected villages of Bajuar where 26 schools were

identified where 17 schools are located in tehsil Khar (including

3 girls schools) while 9 schools are located in tehsil Nawagai

(including 3 girls schools). Among these 26 schools, 10 schools were

selected (according to the need) for the provision of wash facilities.

It is important to mention here that school children have a vital role

in changing the opinion of community, so IRSP will conduct soft

activities in all its 26 schools. Similarly 12 schools were identified

from 29 villages of Mohmand agency.

No. of joint progress monitoring reports (IP and public institution)

BCC Campaign 2 (Technical education):

Same as Campaign-1 (according to the SPSP- Rural), Campaign-2

theme technical education is also divided into four main events,

which has delivered successfully at the following places in all target

villages:

• At school

• At Religious place

• At community

• House to house (door to door)

C1. BCC Campaign- 2 (Technical Education) at schools: Children

are change agent and proven effective medium to promote any

message for achieving set goals and objectives. Project SPSP mainly

concern with the school children, that’s why gave them a vital

place in project core activities and in all campaigns. Following the

project design a strong coordination network build by IRSP team

with school teachers and children in the early stages of project

implementation through teachers training and formation of wash

clubs. According to expectation, school children being proved very

effective in disseminating health and hygiene messages to their

families particularly and to community (especially to their peer

groups) in general.

Realizing the importance and effectiveness of the activity, IRSP in

Campaign-2 as well has reached to all schools in target villages,

where IRSP already formed Wash Clubs. In schools IRSP conducted

BCC Campaign -2 activities of theme technical education such as

low cost latrine design, practical demonstration of hand washing

with soaps, boiling water by different sources through quiz

competition, poster competition etc. Along with BCC campaign-2,

IRSP also conducting activities of event calendar through wash clubs

members and through general school children as well. Following

are the detail of all the activities conducted in schools as a part of

Campaign-2.

C2. BCC Campaign-2(Technical Education) at Religious Place:

Community ownership and involvement is vital in bringing change

in community behaviors towards specific issues and also lead to

sustainability. Like other tribal areas of FATA, the communities

in Bajaur & Mohmand agencies is also religious minded which

is deeply influenced by the religious people, give respect and

weight to the sayings of religious people (Mulla) due to multiple

reasons. Therefore, keeping in view the above mentioned facts,

IRSP is delivering events (campaign-2) in the mosques of all the

target villages with theme of technical education. Where religious

leader further promoting SPSP project messages of low cost latrine

technology, different methods of boiling water for drinking purpose

and health and hygiene messages to community in routine prayers

and Friday Sermons.

C3. BCC Campaign-2 (Technical education) at Community:

In order to achieve targets/ goals strong mobilization along with

effective coordination/ collaboration between stakeholders

including government and communities is required. Once the

communities are provided with proper knowledge about the

subject matter they can change their lives accordingly. As a part

of community, children are one of the important aspects of the

community can help to lead the community towards achieving ODF

status for the village and can eradicate the menace of unhygienic

practices in all senses from their concern villages. The purpose of

BCC Campaign-2 (technical education) events in the community, is

to give them (male, female and children) the knowledge of low cost

latrine technology, maintaining proper distance while constructing

latrines from the water sources, drains direction which should

be away from population, different methods of boiling water for

drinking purpose, proper procedure of hand washing with soap etc.

and to involve the entire community in health and hygiene activities

and educate them about the diseases caused by poor sanitation and

by their unhygienic practices in daily life.

IRSP has completed its BCC Campaign-2 activities in all its villages

C4. BCC Campaign-2 (technical education) at House to house

(Door to Door):

According to SPSP, IRSP will reach out to 100,000 populations which

include men, women and children through 4 campaigns where each

having different theme. Like other three above mentioned events,

house to house event is also one of the important events which

focus on to reach out the female of the community. As discussed in

previous reports that house to house (door to door) was actually

design to reach out the women segment of the community (inside

home) through LHVs/ LHWs to raise awareness among female about

better health and menstrual hygiene and common diseases caused

by poor sanitation at house level. Unfortunately, LHVs/LHWs were

not available because of the strict tribal culture. Therefore, the

initial structure of this event was changed and a new methodology

was adopted. According to this methodology, the households will

be divided into small group of male and they will be called and

gathered at a place to preach about the BCC campaign-2. The male

were stressed to further communicate these messages to their

remaining family especially the female who are restricted to stay at

home.

IRSP has delivered house to house event (campaign-2) in all its

target villages

As per project design, IRSP will cover 50,000 in Mohmand agency

& 50000 in Bajaur agency population including men, women

and children to protect them from the diseases caused by poor

sanitation in 31 villages of tehsil Khar and Nawagai in Bajaur agency

while villages in Prang Ghar tehsil of Mohmand agency. The above

mentioned population will be reached through SOs and 70 CRPs.

To trigger the targeted communities using CLTS approach through

CRPs, two batches of the CRPs were formed (tehsil wise) at both

the agencies where each batch consisted of 35 CRPs each in both

the agencies, were trained.. Therefore, first Batch of CRPs were got

training from 25- 27 October 2013 at Nawagai while the second

Batch got training on 28-30th October 2013 at the same place.

The following two things were considered while selecting the venue

for training:

• The venue should be secured from all aspects

• The venue should be accessible for all the participants

Therefore, on the basis on the above consideration for venue

selection, APA colony Bajaur was selected for training in Bajaur

agency and tehsil Tangi of Charsadda for Mohmand agency where

IRSP took prior permission from the concerned authority.

D: BCC Campaign-3 (Hygiene Promotion)

Hygiene promotion is the theme of campaign-3 which mainly

focus to divert the attention of the community in target villages

towards better hygienic practices, the only way to get rid of the

diseases caused by poor hygiene especially polio, diarrhea etc. The

efforts were made to promote hygienic practices at all level in the

community and in schools.

D1. BCC Campaign- 3(Hygiene promotion) at schools:

IRSP teams conducted campaign- 3 theme hygiene promotion in

the month of December 2013 in the following schools. The purpose

behind this was to equip all the targeted schools children about the

importance of hygienic life and the negative effects of un-hygienic

practices at school and in home. Following is the detail of the

activities and no. of participants:

D2. BCC Campaign-3(hygiene promotion) at Religious Place:

Exactly like campaigns 1 and 2, in campaign-3(at religious place)

the religious leaders (Mullas) were convinced and requested to

delivered lecture on hygiene in routine prayers and Friday sermon.

Surprisingly, religious leaders link hygiene with Islam in their

lectures and stressed the community members to adopt hygienic

lives which is the only way of avoiding diseases for their families and

whole community because Allah like those Muslim who have follow

hygienic practices in their lives.

D3. BCC Campaign-3 (Hygiene promotion) at Community:

As discussed before that once the community is triggered through

strong mobilization with provision of adequate knowledge about

the subject they can bring positive changes in their lives, even they

can motivate other as well. In BCC campaign-3 at community, IRSP

social organizers tried their level best to promote hygiene at all level

in the community. For this purpose they met with the community

elders, Maliks of the areas, teachers etc. and realized them that a

healthy community is only come through better hygienic practices

where the children are healthy and show tremendous performance

in education and other activities and elder of the community live

longer. IRSP SOs put emphasis on and motivated the communities

towards achieving ODF status for their villages, will ultimately bring

a prosperous life for them.

The details of activities IRSP teams conducted in connection to BCC

campaign-3 at community level in the month of December 2013 are

below:

D4. BCC Campaign-3 (hygiene promotion) at House to house

(Door to Door):

In BCC campaign-3, at house to house, IRSP teams conducted

the following activities. The same methodology like previous two

campaigns (1 and 2) but with different theme (hygiene promotion)

was adopted here in campaign-3. There were 31 location in 29

villages of Bajaur agency while in Mohmand 29 villages have BBC

campaign completed.

E: BCC Campaign-4 (Sustainability):

BCC Campaign-4 was started in the last month of the project

especially when all soft and hard activities done in all the selected

schools/villages and these target villages attained ODF status. The

purpose of BCC Campaign-4 is to tell about sustainability to the

target population. Unfortunately, schools were planned in Bajaur to

close for winter vacations on 25th December 2013 till March 2014,

therefore, we completed BCC Campaign-4 schools events before

school’s closure. In Bajaur agency 26 government schools were

targeted where 4025 children participated in those events.

In Mohmand 16 schools were targeted.

Mass Media Campaign for BCC:

As street theater and other gatherings were not allowed which are/

were associated with media or show biz, therefore only two media

were used for behavior change communication. The print and

electronic media were used for the above mentioned job in Bajuar

and Mohmand agencies. The news papers and FM channels were

selected through vendor which have a large number of audience

in the targeted agencies. Both the media print and aired messages

specifically tailored communication tools and messages.

LHV/ LHW Training:

A training for LHVs/ LHWs on SPSP and PATS was held on 16th

January at Prang Ghar BHU in Mohmand agency. Total number of

LHVs/ LHWs were 30 whom were apprise of the following:

The training consisted upon plenary discussion, group discussion/

work, group work presentation and role play. The presentation

consisted upon history of Integrated Regional Support Program,

introduction to Pakistan Approach to Total Sanitation (PATS),

Community Led Total Sanitation (CLTS) and School Led Total

Sanitation (SLTS) in the project, Role of LHV/LHW Member in project

implementation, role of Village Sanitation Committees, Sanitation

demand creation, role of Rural Sanitation Mart and Entrepreneurs

in project. The group discussion consisted upon identifying the

role of CRP’s in the project implementation process, sanitation and

its issues in the local context, existing hygiene practices and best

hygiene practices. The role play was about conducting hygiene

session in community and schools and triggering sessions in

community and schools.

Campaign 3 and 4:

While some components of BCC3 had already been covered in

December remaining were held in January and February. Details of

each individual campaign is as given below for the quarter:

H: Provision of Demo latrines for Poorest of the poor and demo

latrines for vulnerable through their support:

In both the agencies 430 latrines were built, 215 in each agency

with DRR component and sphere standards incorporated. Similarly

430 families were given support for constructing latrines with the

above mentioned criteria in their homes with 215 latrines in each

agency.

I. Verification and certification of Open defecation Free

villages:

And last but not the least was the main activity of ODF verification

and certification activities in all the targeted villages. The target

of 60% was achieved through this activity and more than 80% of

targeted villages were verified and certified as Open defecation Free

villages in both Bajuar and Mohmand agencies. The activity was

carried out through field investigation by the designated committee

which comprised members of the Government, Community

members who are usually a VSC member, CRP, a field monitor from

the monitoring agency Apex, SO designated for the area and District

Manager of the respective Agency.

Detail list of Villages in both the agencies are as under which

attained status of ODF villages.

Challenges:

• Construction material is available at high cost

• Expert Masons are not available

• It is very difficult to motivate community towards communal

benefits as people look for self interest

• It is difficult to find people in Bajaur in winter season as most of

them go to Rawal Pindi and Lahore for winter clothing business

especially for (Kabar)

• The most challenging task of the quarter was to deliver order

cheques to Vulnerable family member who was initially

registered as the family head and later at the time of delivery

the person either have gone out of town or was unable to

come for collection the cheque. And as to minimize chances of

misuse other family members of that person were denied by

finance department to collect the said cheque. The field teams

had to bear the burden of finding the exact person who was

initially registered for cheque collection and in most cases they

successfully did so.

Implementation constraints, lessons learned from addressing

these and knowledge gained from evaluations and studies that

have taken place in the course of the year.

Female participation as community resource persons is a

challenge as female participation is challenging task and we

have not been able to make any headway in this regard.

The revolving fund has not been fully clarified as in the

last e-mail it was Suggested that fund will go to the school

management committee, so once the fund goes to that

committee it shall be consumed/ utilized there and hence shall

not remain revolving fund anymore.

Schools have been closed for summer vacations in both the

agencies and contact with wash clubs is getting difficult as

most children migrate to settled areas for labor work/ earning.

Government approach is doubtful in replicating the SPSP

interventions nor has it shown any interest in reward to ODF

certified villages other than the ones which shall be rewarded

by Unicef/IRSP for early attaining the status. And which may

lead to reverting back to open defecation.

Female participation is a daunting task and we have not been

able to ensure their participation in any activity. In fact all the

campaigns have been affected and we have been in contact

with UNICEF and RSPN to re design and / or remove the

component of house to house campaign.

International Exposure:IRSP Young Media Fellows visit to Nepal A media delegation from IRSP Pakistan visited different WASH

interventions in Nepal and took it as a source of inspiration to drive

sanitation campaign in Pakistan. “Nepal is very much ahead in

WASH sector, especially Pakistan can learn from the community

efforts of Nepal” Saif Ullah Khan, Director at Integrated Regional

Support Program (IRSP) and team leader of Pakistani delegates

summarized week-long visit to Nepal. During the visit five fellow

journalists of Young Journalist Fellowship project from IRSP

observed and gathered information on WASH activities in various

districts. The delegates were expected to gain some new insights

on WASH and disseminate it in Pakistan to trigger sanitation drive in

Pakistan through mainstream media.

A fellow journalist Mohammad Shahid Khan was impressed by

the urine application method in Darechowk and commented, “In

Pakistan we are using urea containing chemical fertilizer which

can be replaced by urine application and if urine harvesting

is done, it may bring great revolution in farming and save our

economy.” Another fellow journalist Syed Kashif Shah signified urine

application as a most applicable method that can bring significant

improvement in agriculture in both the countries.

The team visited ECOSAN Resource Center in Darechowk VDC of

Chitwan district, Blue Schools in Thumki VDC of Kaski district, Eco

tourism and its challenges in Bandipur of Tanahun district, Women

participation in WASH in Thecho VDC of Lalitpur district, Rainwater

Harvesting in reviving of traditional stone spouts and dug wells and

solid waste management in Lalitpur Sub Metropolitan City, along

with Community Water Supply and Treatment Scheme in Siddhipur

VDC of Lalitpur district and Community Wastewater Treatment

Plant in Dhulikhel of Kavrepalanchowk district, also they gathered

information on role played by community radio station at Radio

Sagarmatha located in Lalitpur.

The team found Blue school at Kaski district another noteworthy

activity in WASH sector of Nepal. Shahid Mahazan a journalist in

English Daily in Pakistan praised the activities in Blue School and

said, “Blue schools in Kaski are very impressive. I am from hilly

region; though water is enough in my place its management is not

proper. If rainwater system can be installed and utilized properly, it’s

possible that we will never face problem of water.”

During the visit in Bandipur the team observed local practice of

rainwater harvesting and water management. Saif highlighted that,

“People in Bandipur have utilized water properly. Pakistan is rich in

water resources but its proper management is lacking. I am afraid it

may lead us to disaster, if some day sources of water get dried up.”

After interaction session with the women of Thecho, Syed Maaz

Jan and Ajmal Khan commented that, women in Nepal are very hard

working and they are working together with men effectively. Ajmal

said, “It’s great to see that women have driven sanitation campaign

in their community and we are impressed to learn about it”.

However the team members felt similar status of solid waste

management in both the countries and appreciated some of

the programs launched by the Lalitpur Sub-Metropolitan City to

manage solid waste. Also they showed their serious concern on use

of precautionary equipment by the waste management workers.

According to Zia Ullah, “People in Nepal are very laborious and they

have contributed a lot in WASH, which is inspiration to me”. He also

added, “Water treatment at Siddhipur looks very effective and this

method can be applied to Pakistan to tap stream water instead of

using underground water” after visiting community managed water

supply scheme in Siddhipur VDC of Lalitpur district.

IRSP Young Media Fellows visit to Nepal

The delegates found the visit was a complete package to

understand the WASH in Nepal. They also shared that their time was

best utilized and could learn about many things in short duration

along with some great sightseeing. They praised punctuality of the

hosts and thanked for arranging the program very efficiently.

SACOSAN-V in Nepal Two officials form IRSP participated in fifth South Asian Conference

on Sanitation, SACOSAN V, 22 -24 October, Kathmandu, Nepal.

IRSP welcomed the spirit of the declaration but urges that the

commitments made by South Asian governments are realised to

ensure accelerated and sustainable progress on sanitation and

hygiene to avoid the loss of lives, particularly of the children under

five, due to lack of sanitation.

Mr Saif Khan (Director R&D) presented its paper on “Exploring Media

advocacy in Pakistan” during the technical sessions of SACOSAN-V.

During SACOSAN-V IRSP was part of the Civil Society that

highlighted the importance of next steps: “The overall SACOSAN V

process was very good with active participation of civil society and

other stakeholders.

IRSP also represented FANSA Pakistan which has actively

participated in SACOSAN V by bringing the voice of those most in

need, the poor and marginalised, to this regional decision making

forum. Building on strong evidence highlighting the sanitation

challenges faced by the urban poor, excluded and marginalised

groups such as people with disabilities, women and children.

SACOSAN-V in Nepal

Integrated Regional Support ProgramHouse # 121, Street 2, Sector A, Sheikh Maltoon Town

Mardan. Khyber Pukhtunkhwa.

Pakistan.

Phone: +92 (937) 880283

Fax: +92 (937) 880284

Web: www.irsp.org.pk

Email: info@irsp.org.pk