Irrigation & its stakesIrrigation & its stakesIrrigation & its stakesIrrigation & its stakes

An essential resourceAn essential resourceAn essential resourceAn essential resource

Walid Fekiri M2PES2009/02/26

PresentationPresentation

Irrigation in the world Techniques of irrigation

Gravity systems Sprinkling Micro-Irrigation

Consequences of a mismanagement of irrigation The Aral Sea Circular irrigation in Algeria

Conclusion & Perspectives

Irrigation in the world Techniques of irrigation

Gravity systems Sprinkling Micro-Irrigation

Consequences of a mismanagement of irrigation The Aral Sea Circular irrigation in Algeria

Conclusion & Perspectives

Irrigation in the worldIrrigation in the world

70 % of the fresh water is used for the agriculture.

1/3 of world food-producing. In 30 years, a rise from 200 to 300 million of

hectares. An increase, particularly in Asia & Pacific.

70 % of the fresh water is used for the agriculture.

1/3 of world food-producing. In 30 years, a rise from 200 to 300 million of

hectares. An increase, particularly in Asia & Pacific.

Gravity SystemsGravity Systems

The easiest technique of irrigation

The most used in the world

Doesn’t need any energy Low Cost Sometimes, recharching

the aquifer

The easiest technique of irrigation

The most used in the world

Doesn’t need any energy Low Cost Sometimes, recharching

the aquifer

Very water-consuming Efficiency about 50 % A lot of water loss Problem of diseases

Very water-consuming Efficiency about 50 % A lot of water loss Problem of diseases

SprinklingSprinkling

Sprinkling consists of a reproduction of the rain

Careful management of water

Create a microclimate around plants

Efficiency about 70 %

Sprinkling consists of a reproduction of the rain

Careful management of water

Create a microclimate around plants

Efficiency about 70 % Important investment About 2000 € / ha

Wind Sensitive Evaporation sensitive Needs energy Needs specific materials

Important investment About 2000 € / ha

Wind Sensitive Evaporation sensitive Needs energy Needs specific materials

Micro-IrrigationMicro-Irrigation

Create a water bulb around roots

The Most technological techniques

Efficiency 90 % Great precision Careful management of

water resource

Create a water bulb around roots

The Most technological techniques

Efficiency 90 % Great precision Careful management of

water resource

Very Important Investment About 10 000 € / ha

Needs a specific materials

Problem of Soil pollution

Very Important Investment About 10 000 € / ha

Needs a specific materials

Problem of Soil pollution

Consequences of mismanagement:

The Aral Sea

Consequences of mismanagement:

The Aral Sea Situated between

Ouzbékistan & Kazakhstan

Area reduces about 75% from 1960 to 2004…

Supplied by 2 Rivers the Amou-Daria & the Syr-Daria.

Situated between Ouzbékistan & Kazakhstan

Area reduces about 75% from 1960 to 2004…

Supplied by 2 Rivers the Amou-Daria & the Syr-Daria.

Circular irrigation in Algeria

Circular irrigation in Algeria

At the gate of the desert. Irrigation by sprinkling pivot. Pumping in the deep aquifer. Irrigation permits a recharge of the superficial aquifer Hydrostatic level goes up Water becomes stagnant So water becomes unsalubrious. Problem with vegetables death and poor water quality.

At the gate of the desert. Irrigation by sprinkling pivot. Pumping in the deep aquifer. Irrigation permits a recharge of the superficial aquifer Hydrostatic level goes up Water becomes stagnant So water becomes unsalubrious. Problem with vegetables death and poor water quality.

Conclusion & PerpectivesConclusion & Perpectives

Irrigation very closed to: Economical stakes. Environmental stakes.

Better management of irrigation: Careful management of water resource Reduce water loss (wind, evaporation, percolation…

Globally better management of water resource: A very sensitive resource.

Irrigation very closed to: Economical stakes. Environmental stakes.

Better management of irrigation: Careful management of water resource Reduce water loss (wind, evaporation, percolation…

Globally better management of water resource: A very sensitive resource.

Thank you for your interest !!

Thank you for your interest !!