IRAQ NHDRStrategic Planning Meeting

Paola PaglianiIstanbul, Turkey

17 November 2011

CONTENTS OF THE PRESENTATION

• HDR 2011 – Main Messages

• HDR 2011 – Human Development Indices and Data

• NHDR Standards and Good Practices

SUSTAINABILITY AND EQUITY: A BETTER FUTURE FOR ALL

HDR 2011 – MAIN MESSAGES

Progress in human development is threatened by environmental and inequality trends

Environmental threats hurt the poorest the most

Development aspirations of poor people must go hand in hand with enhanced sustainability

But larger structural changes are also needed

Equity and sustainability are inextricably linked, one must be achieved with the other

Environment and inequality threats to human development

Gender Inequality and Sustainability

Impact of disasters is much greater for women• Driven by unequal exposure, access and capabilities

Gender inequalities are associated with greater environmental degradation

• Countries with more women in parliament more likely to set aside protected land areas

Positive synergy from women’s participation• Engaging women in disaster risk mapping

associated with greater empowerment and resilience

The most disadvantaged people carry a double burden

Double burden of the poor: vulnerability & deprivation

• Nearly 90% lack access to modern cooking fuels

• 80% lack adequate sanitation

• 35% lack clean water

Overlapping deprivations revealed by our measures:

• 80% experience two or more deprivations

• 29% face all three.

Development aspirations of poor people must go hand in hand with enhanced sustainability

Numerous small scale programmes and projects are successful in promoting positive synergies.

• Community management of natural resources can lead to better environmental and human development outcomes.

• Access to affordable clean energy can lead to better health, education and economic outcomes.

Rising to the policy challenges: national levers for change• Clean and safe environment – a right not a privilege.• Integrating equity into the design, implementation &

monitoring of policies.

Development needs far exceed current levels of ODA

But larger structural changes are also needed

Macro shifts require global innovations

New financing source: • Currency Transactions Tax

Feasibility of implementation and growing high-level support.

• Environmental finance

Private-Public Partnerships

Global Governance:

Reforms to enable greater equity and access to finance.

Participation and accountability – locally, nationally and globally

Human Development Index (HDI)

HDI - IRAQ

This year, the World Bank provided estimates for GNI per capita in PPP. The most recent year in the time series is 2009. To obtain values for 2011, IMF projected growth rates based on constant prices are applied to the 2009 data.

HDI – IRAQ, INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS

HDI – IRAQ, INTERNATIONAL COMPARISONS

Inequality-adjusted Human Development Index (IHDI)

IHDI is not available for Iraq because of missing distribution data for income and education

Gender Inequality Index (GII)

GII - IRAQ

Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI)

MPI - IRAQ

Iraq’s MPI is estimated from the country’s 2006 MICS survey

HDR Policy: principles

HDRs’ success in influencing national policy and in meeting the high standards of the HDR flagship depend on 6 interlinked principles:

1. National ownership and relevance; 2. Participative and inclusive preparation; 3. Integrity and independence of Analysis; 4. Quality data, analysis and recommendations;5. Strategic presentation; 6. Sustained advocacy and follow-up.

These principles apply to preparation, content, and advocacy

Principle 1: National Ownership and Relevance

•Theme: respond to pressing national priorities, overlooked issues and/or emerging challenges

–More effective and innovative if focus on a narrow theme/set of national issues, and if complement related research.

•Potential for catalytic follow-up and to feed into country development strategies •Address country realities and consider national perspectives on policy issues:

–Promote stakeholder dialogue and engagement–Engage prominent national scholars and

thinkers along with policy makers

1. National Ownership and Relevance: example

Cyprus HDR 2009• To encourage inter-communal dialogue

among Greek Cypriot and Turkish Cypriot youth in an informal, supportive environment; to identify their aspirations, hopes and fears for the future.

Steps and outputs• Youth Advisory Board • Youth Aspiration Survey • Human Development Report • Cyprus Youth Charter • Youth Dialogue Forums• Documentary

Cyprus HDR 2009:Youth in Cyprus

2: Participatory and Inclusive Preparation•Engage with development stakeholders to influence policy: government officials, parliamentarians, policy and data analysis producers, international organisations•Iterative discussions on report goals and content:– formal mechanisms: advisory panels and expert groups– workshops and conferences that engage public, private, and

civil society actors at different levels.

Purposes:•Contribute to national capacities for inclusive debates;•Empower and give voice to targeted groups;•Advocate and raise awareness; •Collect data, inform analysis and validate findings;•Strengthen partnerships to facilitate follow-up.

2: The importance of an inclusive process

•216 events to gauge opinions and gather voices, proposals and commitments•4,369 people throughout the different territories: community members, local leaders, civil servants, government representatives, academics, businessmen and women, workers, country workers and farmers, displaced people, the disabled, those reinserted into society, women and the elderly, young people, homosexuals, indigenous people and people of African descent.

Colombia – Valle del Cauca sub-national HDR 2008“On the path to an inclusive and peaceful Valle del Cauca”

3: Integrity and Independence of AnalysisHDRs’ influence on policy depends on the real and perceived integrity of the report• objective, non-partisan, evidence-based analysis

based on best available data from a variety of sources•HDR team: multidisciplinary, drawing on perspectives and expertise from diverse groups and institutions, selected for professional reputation and technical skills.•Peer review by partners with thematic, country, economic, statistical, expertise. •Critical, yet constructive, recommendations - avoid unjustifiable support for a particular policy or ideology.•Transparency: preparation steps communicated to stakeholders and summarized in the final HDR text.•Inclusive process provides legitimacy

3: Capacity Development for Integrity in analysis

Chhattisgarh HDR2005• Bottom up methodology:

17,000 village-level reports on key HD issues State Annual Economic Survey and Plan

• Develop community capacities to participate in development policy making

• Training of village surveyors• Training of local journalists• Training of statistical officers

HDR Preparation:• multiple stakeholders participation• advocacy strategies• skills to formulate and implement HD policies

4: Quality• Champion the human development approach

– freedom, equity, empowerment, and sustainability – prioritization of vulnerable and excluded groups (data and

analysis disaggregation)• HDR analysis based on sound quantitative and

qualitative sources (official data, surveys, case studies, quotes capturing people’s perceptions, etc.)

• Calculate the HDI and other indices (innovating to adjust methodologies and indicators to reflect national context).

• Recommendations:– Identify practical policy alternatives, target different actors– include ways to address the needs of marginalized groups– reference existing policies and consider constraints

(institutional capacities, financing, political economy, cultural norms and traditions, etc.)

Quantitative data for quality analysis

• Advocacy for eliminating gender stereotypes: girls are often taken out of school because it is assumed that educating girls is not a “good economic investment.”

• Analysing the financial returns to education for both men and women, the report revealed that they are in fact higher for women.

Cambodia HDR 1998Women and development

5: Strategic Presentation

• Professionally edited (logical structure and flow with a consistent tone and style accessible to their target audiences).

• Technical terminology and statistical tables avoided in the main text (methodologies in annex papers).

• Key messages and recommendations (within chapters, executive summary, and related advocacy materials).

• Data sourced and presented in creative formats (graphs, figures, maps and text boxes).

• Quotes, cultural references and cases studies to highlight human stories.

• HDRs published in major national languages.

5: Strategic and Accessible Presentation

• GIS based software to map social service delivery in underdeveloped areas

• Human Development radars:– Attainments in 8 HD indicators compared in different areas– Special surveys to collect data on migration, the Sabar

Community and food security

India – Bankura District HDR 2007

6: Sustained Advocacy and Follow-up

• Advocacy and follow-up strategies planned and budgeted at the start of a report process– events that complement existing national initiatives– within a larger project or programme– partnership building and capacity development

• Launch events – with senior officials, civil society, donor and other

stakeholders, including press conferences and seminars– Press kits and briefings for media – take into consideration major political events– broad dissemination and available on-line

• Other: background studies, public awareness campaigns, HD curricula, international conferences.

• HDRs every 2/3 years for continuity and follow-up.

6: Measurable Influence

• Inclusive: youth involvement in each stage of the HDR preparation process

• Thorough analysis: focus on 5 million youth out of education and employment

• Relevance: more than 1,000 news reports, articles and interviews

• Influence: youth policy and youth NGOs coalition

Turkey HDR 2008 “Youth in Turkey”

THANK YOUpaola.pagliani@undp.org

http://hdr.undp.org/en/nhdr/

TEAMWORKS: https://undp.unteamworks.org/node/16796