IRAM IQBAL UOG

SYSTEMATICS

ORDERS

Meaning: Iso = equal, ptera = wingPronunciation: i-SOP-ter-aCommon name(s): termites

ORDER ISOPTERA

  chewing - modified in soldiers for nest defense

Feed on wood or other dead plant material.

MOUTHPARTS

2 pr. but present only in reproductives

for a short nest - exiting flight (=swarming);

WINGS

antennae beaded & straightbroad body shape

BODY CHARACTERISTICS:

All termites live in colonies, although the size of the colonies can range from very small (within a single twig) to very large (city blocks).

FOODAll termites eat dead plant material, most

often wood. Symbiotic bacteria assist in digesting cellulose from wood.

HABITAT

 paurometabolous or incomplete

In this form of development, immature stages (nymphs) resemble small adults and typically have external wing buds . They live in the same habitat as adults, typically taking the same food

METAMORPHOSIS

 Termites have microorganisms that break down cellulose so they are extensively important in recycling;

A few species (eastern subterranean and drywood termites) invade wood and plant derived structures of humans causing millions of dollars of damage annually.

ECONOMIC IMPACT:

1000 species (only 18 in N. America)

Insects in this order: Drywood termites and subterranean

termites,desert termite.

SIZE OF ORDER

Meaning: ephemera=short-lived; ptera=wings

Pronunciation: e-phm-er-OP-ter-aCommon name(s): mayflies

ORDER EPHEMEROPTERA

adults- vestigial-adults don't feednaiads - chewing mouthparts (they are

predacious or herbivores)

Mouthparts:

two pair;The hind wings are much smaller or

absent.Wings are held together upright over the

body. front wings triangular and much larger; wings with many veins; they cannot fold their wings so held

vertically when at rest.

Wings:

2 or 3 terminal tails on abdomen.Long legs; body thin and elongateabdominal gills and 3 feathery gills at end of

abdomen.Range from 2-32mm in length

Body characteristics

incomplete hemimetabolus with a unique subadult

(=subimago);Immature insects (nymphs, often called 

naiads) are aquatic and breathe via gills. a winged adult emerges from water,

climbs on vegetation and then molts to adult stage.

Metamorphosis

Nymph in waterAdults near waterFeedingThey are primarily grazers and collector-

gatherers. Some species are predaceous, and others have interesting adaptations for filter feeding. The diet of most mayflies is composed of algae and detritus.

Habitat

Important in aquatic food chain (favorite model for fly fisherman); can use species distribution patterns to monitor environmental degradation; heavy adult emergence may make walking/driving near water hazardous due to "slippery" wings

Economic impact: 

2250 species worldwide but tropical and oriental fauna not well studied. Many fossils as once more common

Size of order

Pronunciation: bla-TAIR-ri-ahCommon name: cockroach      

ORDER BLATTARIA

 This is one of the largest common cockroaches in Texas, reaching 1-1/2 to 2 inches.

reddish-brown in color. Shield portion behind the head (prothorax)

has a margin of light brown or yellow.

Description

Body usually flattened and oval.Head somewhat concealed from above by the

pronotum.Antennae long, filiform.

Body characteristics

Legs long and slender, often spiny, adapted for running; tarsi 5 segmented.

Legs

This is generally an outdoor species, living in wood piles, decaying trees, palm trees and in sewer systems. Cockroaches have flattened bodies that allow them to enter homes through cracks around loose-fitting doors and windows, and where electric lines or pipes pass through walls. They are mainly active at night and hide in cracks and crevices during the day, preferring dark moist sites in attics and basements.

Habitat

Cockroaches eat almost anything including meats and grease, starchy foods, sweets, baked goods, leather, wallpaper paste, book bindings and sizing. Adults are capable of gliding flights.

Feeding

 Simple metamorphosis (egg, nymph, adult).  Female cockroaches glue or drop 1/4 inch long

bean-like egg capsules (oothecae) containing about 15 eggs on or around infested areas.

Nymphs hatch from the egg case that resemble small grayish-brown adult cockroaches without fully developed wings.

Nymphs molt 10 to 13 times in over a year (470 to 600 days, depending on temperature) before becoming adults.

Life Cycle

Family Cryptoceridae -- brown-hooded cockroach.

 The one species in the United States does not occur in Florida.

Family Blattidae -- oriental, American, and other cockroaches

Family Polyphagidae -- sand cockroaches and others

Family Blattellidae -- German, brown-banded, and wood cockroaches

Family Blaberidae -- Surinam cockroach and others

Classification of the Blattaria

http://entomology.ifas.ufl.eduhttp://en.wikipedia.orghttp://insects.tamu.eduhttp://www.flickr.com/groups/1481823@N21/

References