iPhone  Application  Development

Getting Started with the hottest smart phone!

By: Muhammad Ali

Agenda •  Why Bother About iPhone Application Development?

•  Requirements for Developing iPhone Apps o  The Legal Way

•  Development to Device o  Languages, Tools & Frameworks

•  Quick Tour of Objective-C

•  Hello World

•  Helpful Resources

•  Summing Up

iPhone  Application  Development  -­‐‑  The  Why

iPhone  Application  Development  –  The  Why

•  Why Android Based Smartphone Sales are Touching Skies?

•  &

o  Android apps count: 380,297 (as of Jan 2012) •  iOS apps count: 550,000 (as of Jan 2012) •  Android has 10,000 more free apps!

o  Android Mobile OS Share: 46% •  iOS Share: 30%

67% 61%

39% 37%

26% 26%

Percent  free  of  charge  applications

as of May 2011 Source: Wikipedia

What  Developers  Say?

Source: Appcelerator

Don’t  Worry  About  OS  Share.    Gap  is  GeJing  Closer!

For US Only

Still  Not  Convinced?

For US Only

A  journey  of  thousand  miles  begin  with  a  single  step  ~  

Lao-­‐‑Su

iPhone  Application  Development  –  The  How

iPhone  Application  Development  –  The  How

•  Requirements o  For Business Man

•  Developer Account o  $99 (iOS Developer Program), $299 (iOS Developer Enterprise

Program) •  via Credit Card

o  Takes up to 3-12 working days o  (http://developer.apple.com/programs/)

o  For Educational Institutes •  iOS Developer University Program Enrollment (Free!)

o  For Developer •  Apple ID – Free (To Access iPhone SDK & Resources)

o  (http://developer.apple.com/) •  Intel-based Mac running Mac OS X 10.6 (Snow Leopard) or later (Latest:

Mac OS X 10.7 Lion) o  Most economical choice: Mac Mini ~ PKR 60K

iPhone  Application  Development  –  The  How •  For Application

o  Two Icons of 57x57 & 512x512 (of same design) o  Splash Screen of 320x460 or 320x480 o  And the Application of course.

Languages,  Tools  &  Frameworks

Application  Types •  Native

o  Reside Completely on iPhone

o  Advantages: Offline Access, Increase Performance, Device Features o  Disadvantages: Device Specific Code, Learning Curve

•  Web o  Websites made for iPhone (Can make UI similar to native apps)

o  Advantages: Known Technologies, Low Development Cost, Standard Tools o  Disadvantages: Reduced User Experience, No Offline Access

Application  Types •  Hybrid

o  Combines the two.

o  Advantages: You can have best of two worlds. o  Disadvantages: Integration & Manageability needs extra care

Languages,  Tools  &  Frameworks

•  Native o  Language

•  Objective-C

o  Tools •  Xcode, InterfaceBuilder, iOS Simulator

o  Frameworks •  iOS SDK

Languages,  Tools  &  Frameworks

•  Web o  Language

•  JavaScript, HTML/CSS

o  Tools •  Standard Web Development Tools

o  Frameworks •  Any compatible framework.

iOS  Architecture

Figure: Applications layered on top of iOS

Figure: Layers of iOS

Source: iOS Developer Library

Quick  Tour  of  Objective-­‐‑C •  File Extensions

o  .h (Header files), .m (Objective-C & C code), o  .mm (can contain C++ code, in addition to Objective-C & C code)

•  #import o  Recall #include but in an improved way!

•  @interface o  Declares the class name, methods, properties, etc.

•  @end o  Marks the end of an interface declaration or implementation

•  @Property o  Getter/Setters – Automatically generated

Quick  Tour  of  Objective-­‐‑C

Source: iOS Developer Library

Quick  Tour  of  Objective-­‐‑C •  Methods

o  In C++/C#/Java, you typically call method as •  obj.someMethod( );

o  In Objective-C, the same call would be •  [obj someMethod];

o  Parameterized calls in C++/C#/Java typically are like •  Declaration: Inside class, void someMethod(int param) •  Call: obj.someMethod(12);

o  In Objective-C, •  Declaration: -(void) someMethod: (int) •  Call: [obj someMethod:12]; •  Call: [obj someMethod param:12];

Quick  Tour  of  Objective-­‐‑C

Quick  Tour  of  Objective-­‐‑C •  Declared Properties

o  copy – Copy the object during the assignment o  readonly – Declare only getter method

o  @synthesize •  Generate the methods as per specification

•  Protocols o  Declares methods that a class must implement o  Like interfaces in C#/Java

Quick  Tour  of  Objective-­‐‑C •  Memory Management

o  Garbage Collection •  A ‘garbage collector’ controls the lifetime of an object •  Not available for iOS!

o  Automatic Reference Counting (ARC) •  Compiler controls the lifetime of an object

o  Manual Reference Counting (MRC) •  Programmer controls the lifetime of an object

o  retain •  Increments the reference count by 1

o  release •  Decrements the reference count by 1

o  autorelease •  Reference count will be decremented at some time in future

o  Reference count is 1 when an object is created

Design  PaJerns •  Delegate

o  Helps you add functionality without sub-classing

•  Model View Controller o  Model

•  Objects representing the data o  View

•  Objects know how to display data and handle user interactions o  Controller

•  Mediate between views and controllers

•  Target Action o  Allows a control object (e.g. a Button) to send another object a

meaningful message in response to a user-initiated event

Application  Life  Cycle

Source: iOS Developer Library

Hello  World!  Demo

Publishing  the  App

Helpful  Resources •  Apple Developer Resources

o  http://developer.apple.com/resources/

•  iOS Dev Center o  http://developer.apple.com/devcenter/ios/index.action

•  iOS Developer Library o  http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/navigation/index.html

•  Xcode o  http://developer.apple.com/technologies/tools/

•  Objective-C Guide o  HTML [Link], PDF [Link]

•  Got into a fix? Use Google!

Summing  Up

Thank  You!