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Iowa Climate Science Educators Forum
Infectious Diseases - bugs and vector
Dr. Yogi Shah MD, MPH
Des Moines University
Climate Change and Human Health
Global climate change effects:
TemperaturePrecipitationHumidity
Storms and Flooding
Heat
Vector Biology
Air Pollutants
Food Supply
Morbidity / Mortality /
Displacement
Cardiovascular and respiratory mortality
Infectious Disease
Respiratory Diseases
Malnutrition
Mental Health
Bugs and Vectors
Vectors Infectious Disease
Mosquitoes
Malaria
Dengue
Chikungunya
West Nile Virus
Ticks Lyme
Climate change
TemperaturePrecipitationHumidity
What makes Infectious Diseases Our Issue?
More than 30 agents have emerged during the past two decades
Vectors
Mosquitoes and climate
Temp. dependent
30c =86f20c= 68f
Climate change can sting us literally
Global climate change effects:
• Temperature
Vector Biology Infectious Disease
Mosquitoes Malaria
Dengue
Chikungunya
West Nile Virus
Malaria
Mosquito (Anopheles) – Plasmodium (P. Falciparum, P. Vivax..)
200 million cases/year600,000 deaths
30c =86f20c= 68f
Relationship between temperature and malaria parasite development time inside the mosquito (“extrinsic incubation period” or EIP).
Patz J A , and Olson S H PNAS 2006;103:5635-5636
30c =86f20c= 68f
Patz J A , and Olson S H PNAS 2006;103:5635-5636
30c =86f20c= 68f
Number of malaria cases- largest since 1971
50% increase from 2008
CDC
Global climate change effects:
• Temperature
Mosquitoes
Malaria
Dengue
Chikungunya
West Nile Virus
Chikungunya(ChikV)
Mosquito (Aedes aegypti and Ae. Albopictus) -viral infection
Ae. Albopictus distribution 2007
Global climate change effects:
• Temperature
Mosquitoes
Malaria
Dengue
Chikungunya
West Nile Virus
West Nile Virus Disease
Mosquito (Culex Pipiens) - West
Nile virus (WNV)
1999
1999
2002
2005
62 712
5,674
Climate Change and Human Health
Global climate change effects:
TemperaturePrecipitationHumidity
Storms and Flooding
Heat
Vector Biology
Air Pollutants
Food Supply
Morbidity / Mortality /
Displacement
Cardiovascular and respiratory mortality
Infectious Disease
Respiratory Diseases
Malnutrition
Mental Health
