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IoT for Mobility – EmpoweringSmart Cities - A White Paper by Infoholic Research LLP

IntroductionSmart mobility is a key indicator of successful implementation of smart cities. Smart city projects are heavily dependent on smart and secure infrastructure. Implementation of IoT is revolutionizing the automotive sector, which is facing few major concerns with increasing traffic, parking spaces and safe driving. IoT is creating an automotive environment with ‘connected’ feature enabling smart driver assistance, V2X communications. First step for any government in this direction is to make citizens mobile by making use of mobile devices, smartphones, and laptops that enable mobility. Start-ups, and SMEs majorly engage in BYOD strategy to reduce heavy CAPEX. Mobile devices and laptops are usually gadgets that are accompanied by individuals and can be used to track citizen activities. The current flow of investment is focused on supply chain, last mile connectivity as well as enabling relevant citizen services efficiently.

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With respect to field services, mobility has become a priority for the vendors as it enables instant updates and real-time interactions among the technicians and management. Mobile apps have turned field service easy and automated for operations of scheduling and project management. Moreover, mobility coupled with IoT has enabled technicians to collect various data for analysis. Mobility has not only helped enterprises and governments, but it has also enabled product vendors to connect with customers and improve their service delivery. Mobility has led service management to invest in smart and automated platforms that helps governments to utilize their field service professionals optimally.

The usage of tablet or similar devices is expected to rise among technicians and most of the large enterprises are expected to invest in mobile technologies to improve the productivity and service quality for their citizens. With better collaboration and connected features, mobility helps in instant gratification and acknowledge service delivery.

Smart city in Automotive

Smart city infrastructures will pave way for autonomous or driverless vehicles. The rise of IoT is enabling the automotive industry to innovate and offer easy and smooth driving experiences. The advantages of IoT are realized among the automobile OEMs and auto suppliers. The capability of IoT devices through sensors and cameras are helping in identifying objects in near or far object sensing.The major factors attributing to the growth of the smart city initiative is the growing dependence of IoT for connected services and efficient citizen services. Governments globally are showing keen interest and are drastically increasing the number of initiatives taken towards IoT in smart cities. The Infrastructure development for communication services brought on by IoT, that is helping the connected vehicle assistance services is another factor favouring the upliftment of automotive sector.

Fig2 – In-car connected vehicle applications

Fig3 – Vehicle Connectivity Ecosystem

Fig3 – V2X Functions

IoT imperative in Auto industry

Fig1 – IoT user experience

In the consumer market, IoT has created a disruption with usage of usage-based products. IoT has practically enhanced the scope of shared services in automobiles offering integrated GPS location services, real-time intelligence and automated driving. The innovations are skyrocketing with heavy focus on infotainment systems, dashboard management, and ADAS. The introduction of high-speed network such as 5G is expected to boost V2X connectivity and help in navigation, tracking, data monitoring, among others.

The smart concept focuses on two main things – mobility and intelligent monitoring. IoT in vehicles would provide better customer experience as well as driver experience. The IoT devices can record the speed of vehicles, reduce probability of accidents which are caused due to human negligence. The automotive leading companies are focusing on integrating IoT and AI to offer high performing sensors and edge computing for driving assistance and safety.

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IoT in Automotive: Key Trends – Applications

Big Data – Big data and IoT are converging together and with new intelligent devices implemented, its accu-mulating large sets of data. Cloud and analytics software are being used to remotely monitor and analyze the enormous data generated by the IoT and M2M connected devices.

Edge Computing – The adoption of edge computing among automotive OEMs has allowed computing data near the data sources. It helps in easy computation and decentralized networking.

Smartphones – With the advent of IoT, the scope of smartphones has increased. Now vehicle information can be viewed on mobile apps and monitored for better performance of automotive components.

AI and Security – Automotive suppliers and OEMs have embarked on their journey on using AI and ML for the operational improvement of vehicle performances. With ML deployed for security operations, it can identi-fy threats and vehicle theft incidents.

Smart Cities – Smart cities have become the focus areas of many developed and developing countries with the implementation of sensors and mobility have paved way for governments to offer better medical services, governance, security, and utilities for the citizens. Also, the transportation and traffic manage-ment would become quintessential for the betterment of infrastructure and services for the citizens.

Last Mile Connectivity - Digital tracking of goods through smartphones has helped to increase the reliability of the online sellers and retailers

Supply chain - Mobility in supply chain is driving the businesses with needed efficiency in terms of route optimization, driver performance, and real-time goods tracking. In terms of vehicle communication, mobility is bringing advancements in the areas of managing fleets, vehicle operations, and other KPIs.

IoT: Developments in Automobile Industry

IoT in Automobiles: The road ahead

AI-based battery management systems to alert drivers about the battery status.Automatic software updates help vehicles to upgrade their maps and driver assistance systems.Implementation of IoT can sense driver activity and can dial emergency number when drivers don’t respond.IoT-based devices boosted the fleet management that helps in route optimization, performance overview, and fuel consumption.Emotion detection, voice controls, gesture controls are expected to impact driver experiences.The development of smart infrastructure, road connectivity, traffic controls would help in seamless experience with smart, connected, and autonomous vehicles.

Automotive industry is rapidly implementing IoT in chassis and body, infotainment systems, power train, and telematics. Tremendous amount of data is being generated and analysed for driver monitoring, reduction in wear and tear of auto components. The heavy integration of IoT devices with dashboard and fast internet for entertainment systems for passengers have become the focal point of auto makers. IoT is helping insurance providers to investigate the accident cases and investigate the root cause and damages. Regulations such as pollution control, safety measures, and others are concern areas for auto industry which pose challenge to the OEMs and differs from region to region. The industry is moving towards building IoT-based vehicles with major transformations in the vehicle connectivity. The Electric Vehicles (EVs) are getting massive push from various government bodies to reduce carbon emission form public and private vehicles, consumers across regions are expected to embrace the electric and hybrid vehicles powered with smart, intelligent and connected features that would help the society with less pollution. Also, the smart city projects in major cities across the world would offer a new way of life with fast communication, smart parking systems in public places, and intelligent traffic monitoring. With full-fledged deployments of connected and IoT-driven vehicles in a smart environment (smart city) is forming an integrated resultant with easy flow of vehicles and better in-car monitoring. The success of IoT-based vehicles requires partnership of several stakeholders in the ecosystem including display suppliers, insurance providers, EV charging infrastructure, automotive analytics providers, cybersecurity providers, telematics providers, fleet management, smart cities, CSPs, route optimization software providers, and others.

IoT in Automobiles: Key forecasts

More than 300 million vehicles are expected to be connected by 2020.More than 85% of the vehicles would be connected to internet by 2020. Manufacturing and Automobile sector is the fastest adopter of IoT technology and is expected to increase in next 5 years. Connectivity of vehicles will be enhanced with the introduction of 5G network by 2020.